decrease in fishermen with aggging in japan ... · declining fishery in japan 600 40 0) %) concern...
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Decrease in fishermen with aging in Decrease in fishermen with aging in g gJapan: geodemographic and labor i tifi l f t t fi h
g gJapan: geodemographic and labor i tifi l f t t fi hscientific analyses of set net fishery in rural and suburban regions
scientific analyses of set net fishery in rural and suburban regionsin rural and suburban regionsin rural and suburban regions
Kazutoshi Watanabe, Kimiyasu Saeki
Hideyuki Takahashi and Seizo HasegawaNational Institute of Fisheries Engineering (FRA)
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Declining fishery in JapanDeclining fishery in Japan
600 400) %) Concern
400(×10
00
RS.
(% Rapid decrease with aging in fishery population
20020
mbe
r (
r 65
Y
Purpose0
78 88 98 070N
um
Ove
r pClarify the status of work force in regional fishery78 88 98 07
Fishermen provisional
force in regional fisheryEvaluate the workload in Fishermen fishing and related operation in typical coastal fishery (set net)
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Survey regionSurvey regionRoadRoad
Densely inhabiteddi iDensely inhabiteddi i
RoadRoadFishing portFishing port
districtdistrict
H kk idH kk idHokkaidoHokkaido
2992 ports2992 ports
T kT k
2992 ports2992 ports
TokyoTokyo
BBBosoBoso
50 km50 km
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Salmon set net , rural(N t k fi h i ti )Salmon set net , rural(N t k fi h i ti )(Notsuke fisheries cooperative)(Notsuke fisheries cooperative)
Target Chum salmonFishing season Sept - NovFishing unit 35Fishing unit 35 Fisherman 250
5 kmLanding (mil. USD) 22
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Yellowtail set net, suburban ( )Yellowtail set net, suburban ( )(Kamogawa fisheries cooperative)(Kamogawa fisheries cooperative)
0.5 kmTarget Pelagic fishes
Othg OthersFishing season Oct - AugFi hi iFishing unit 1 Fisherman 32 Landing (mil. USD) 4.7
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Data and surveyData and survey
DataDataNational Population Census, 2005 (MIC Japan)Fishery Census, 1978 –2003 (MAFF Japan)Business Report, 2006 (Fisheries Cooperatives)p , ( p )
Field survey (2007, 08)Field survey (2007, 08)Observation of fishing operation (recorded on video)
Q ti i t t tfi hQuestionnaire to set netfishermen
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GIS and maps usedGIS and maps used
GISGISGRASS (GRASS development team)MANDARA (Tani, K.)
MapDigital national land information (MLIT, Japan)GEBCO (BODC UK)GEBCO (BODC, UK)
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Fishery as main local industryFishery as main local industry
FisheryLocation Quotient
FisheryLQ = Qij / Qtj
1 Qij: distribution ratioof workers in
Agriculture j industry ini region
Secondary industryTertiary5
10g
Qtj: distribution ratiof k i j5
1of workers in j industry in Japan
LQ>1 relatively concentrated
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Age composition of fishermenAge composition of fishermenSet net
% %Region Total
10
20
1020 N=191 N=611
Japan N 238 370
10
15 650
10
15 651020 Japan N=238,371
15 6515 650
15 65
10
20
10
20N=32 N=698
0
10
15 650
10
15 6515 65 15 65Age class Age class
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Less successor and rapid decreaseLess successor and rapid decreaseFishery family without successors (%)Hokkaido (Adjacent regions) Boso (Adjacent regions) Japan
51.8 51.8 - 64.7 89.2 86.9 - 97.8 86.0
Set net fishermen consisted of ki (15 64)
Reduction rateworking-age (15 - 64)
Aging with few successors of19781978
Aging with few successors of regional fishemen were significant
20032003
Labor shortage will occur
significant
Necessity of improvement%
-20-40Labor shortage will occur
even in the set net fishery Necessity of improvement
of labor productivity-60
Average: -50%Average: -50%
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Working process: salmon set netWorking process: salmon set net
Catch Landing Sorting, grading
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Evaluation of workload by OWAS*Evaluation of workload by OWAS*Classify workload on the musculo-skeletal system by
AC- 1 2 3 4musculo skeletal system by the work posture
Evaluate work posture at 1 second interval on videosecond interval on video image Harm
(Workload heaviness)Action to change
the postureAC1 No not requiredAC2 Slight less urgentg gAC3 Considerable SoonAC4 Extreme Immediate
*Ovako Working-posture Analyzing System (Karhu et al. 1977)
AC4 Extreme Immediate
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Workload on the on-board workWorkload on the on-board work0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Catch
C hCatch
SScoop
coarse AC1 AC2
AC3
coarse Sort
AC3 AC4
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Workload on the wharf (salmon net)Workload on the wharf (salmon net)
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Landing
sexSorting sex
appearance
Sorting,
Sorting,
Weighing
AC1Dumping
AC4AC2
AC3 AC4
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Workload on the wharf (yellowtail net)Workload on the wharf (yellowtail net)
menLanding,
crane
Sorting table
Landing,
Sorting,
floor
table
AC2AC1floor
AC3
AC2AC1
AC3AC4
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ConclusionConclusionJapanese fishery is facing to the labor shortage
by aging fishermen and few successors
Necessity to improve labor productivity
in the case of the set net fishery, reducing workload during catch fishing is a challengeworkload during catch fishing is a challenge
We have started the study of process managementWe have started the study of process managementin coastal fisheries to revive Japanese fishery
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