dean c. hines [deputy principle investigator] exoplanetary circumstellar environments and disk...
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Dean C. Hines[Deputy Principle Investigator]
Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer (EXCEDE):
A new space telescope proposed for NASA’s Explorers program.
Space Science Institute(New Mexico Office)
Glenn Schneider (PI), Olivier Guyon (PS)The University of Arizona
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Terrestrial Planets
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Solar Systems
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Voyager
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Zodiacal Dust
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Zodiacal Dust
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A Vast Zoo of Disk Morphologies
Krist et al. 2007
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Current Status, Limitations, Opportunities
• Current best contrast with HST ~ 10-4
– Ground-based not even close!
• James Webb Space Telescope
– Thermal coronagraphy, but
– Coronagraphic performance similar to HST
• Planet imaging requires 10-9 contrast
– Big apertures needed
– Technology not developed
• EXCEDE –> 10-6–10-7 contrast for terrestrial orbital scales with a sub-meter class space telescope
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Mission Characteristics & Science Payload
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO
• Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs
• 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope
• Passive optics for wavefront error correction
• Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction
• Two-band polarimetric imager
– Increased contrast
– Grain characterization
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Mission Characteristics & Science Payload
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO
• Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs
• 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope
• Passive optics for wavefront error correction
• Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction
• Two-band polarimetric imager
– Increased contrast
– Grain characterization
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Mission Characteristics & Science Payload
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO
• Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs
• 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope
• Passive optics for wavefront error correction
• Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction
• Two-band polarimetric imager
– Increased contrast
– Grain characterization
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Mission Characteristics & Science Payload
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous, 950 km, e = 0, i = 99°, LEO
• Duration: 2 yr after IOC + 1 yr SEOs
• 50-70 cm, unobscured aperture, off-axis telescope
• Passive optics for wavefront error correction
• Phase Induced Aperture Apodization (PIAA) Coronagraph – Suppresses Telescope Diffraction
• Two-band polarimetric imager
– Increased contrast
– Grain characterization
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Why Polarimetry?
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Optics & Science Camera
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Optical Telescope Assembly
Offset PIAA OpticalBench Re-Imaging Optics& Camera
Inside Shroud
Off-Axis SecondaryProvides UnobscuredAperture
Optimized Design Offers Maximum Throughputand No Diffraction Spikes!
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Probing the Habitable Zone
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What We Will See!EXCEDE will image regions inaccessible with current technology. For the 1 Gyr old G2V star HD 107146, EXCEDE will image the inner 60 AU where a giant planet is sculpting the system.
Cen (G2V)HD 82328 (F6IV)
3 AU
EXCEDE will image ≥ 10x Zodi dust clouds orbiting inside the habitable zone for stars within ~10pc of the Earth. Detection would confirm the presence of exo-asteroid belts, with implications for terrestrial planets.
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Placing Our Solar System in Context
• NASA Strategic Plan subgoal 3b: “conduct advanced telescopic searches for Earth-like planets and habitable environments around other stars”
• Science Plan – Strategic Goals and Decadal Outcomes: “understand … the formation of planetary systems” and “create a census of extrasolar planets and measure their properties”
• Science Plan – Targeted Outcomes: “study the birth of … planetary systems,” and “determine what properties of a star… are most strongly correlated with the presence of habitable Earth-like planets”
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Conclusion
• NASA Strategic Plan subgoal 3b: “conduct advanced telescopic searches for Earth-like planets and habitable environments around other stars”
• Science Plan – Strategic Goals and Decadal Outcomes: “understand … the formation of planetary systems” and “create a census of extrasolar planets and measure their properties”
• Science Plan – Targeted Outcomes: “study the birth of … planetary systems,” and “determine what properties of a star… are most strongly correlated with the presence of habitable Earth-like planets
EXCEDE meets these goals for NASA and provides a technology pathfinder for future missions to directly image exo-planets, including those that potentially harbor life!
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Photo Credit: J. McGraw (2008)
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Fin
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