darwin lng operations environmental management …

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DARWIN LNG OPERATIONS

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

DLNG/HSE/PLN/001

DARWIN LNG ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DLNG/HSE/PLN/001 REV 2

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Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 7

1.1 Background 7

1.2 Purpose and Scope of the OEMP 7 1.2.1 Exceptional Development Permit 7 1.2.2 Environment Protection Licence 7

1.3 HSE Management System Framework 9

1.4 OEMP Structure and Content 10

1.5 OEMP Ownership and Review 11

2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT 12

2.1 Location 12

2.2 Local Socio-Economic Context 12 2.2.1 Land Use and Zoning 12 2.2.2 Local Population and Land Uses 12 2.2.3 Indigenous Heritage Values 14 2.2.4 European Heritage Values 14

2.3 Environmental Conditions 16 2.3.1 Climate and Meteorology 16 2.3.2 Noise 16 2.3.3 Air Quality 16 2.3.4 Geology and Geomorphology 17 2.3.5 Hydrology and Hydrogeology 17 2.3.6 Estuarine Oceanography 17 2.3.7 Estuarine Physico Chemical Characteristics 18 2.3.8 Harbour Water Quality 18 2.3.9 Harbour Sediment Quality 18 2.3.10 Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities 18 2.3.11 Fauna 21 2.3.12 Conservation Values 23

3 OPERATING CONTEXT 24

3.1 Introduction 24 3.2 DLNG Plant Components and Design Standards 24

3.3 ConocoPhillips Policies 33 3.3.1 Sustainable Development Position 33 3.3.2 Climate Change Position 33 3.3.3 Australian Business Unit HSE & SD Policy 33

3.4 Legal Requirements and Standards of Operation 34

4 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT 42

4.1 Methodology 42

4.2 Environmental Risk Assessment 45

5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES 72

5.1 Implementation Strategy 93 5.1.1 Roles and Responsibilities 93 5.1.2 Awareness Training and Competency 93 5.1.3 Monitoring and Reporting 93 5.1.4 Verification Audits and Reviews 96


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6 EMERGENCY RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS 97

6.1 Emergency Response Plans (ERP) 97

6.2 Spill Response 97 6.2.1 Spill Response Arrangements 97

6.3 Potential Spill Characteristics 99

7 REFERENCES 101

8 ATTACHMENT 1 104

8.1 Environment Protection Licence 54-05 104

9 ATTACHMENT 2 105

9.1 Exceptional Development Permit 02/0015 105

1 LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Key Components of the DLNG Plant 25 Table 2 DLNG Emission Sources 26 Table 3 Authorised Discharge Points 27 Table 4 Summary of Key Environmental Legislation and Standards Applicable to DLNG Plant

Operations 35 Table 5 Environmental Consequence Criteria 43 Table 6 Likelihood Criteria 43 Table 7 Risk Matrix and Ratings 44 Table 8 Environmental Hazards, Potential Effects and Residual Risk Assessment 46 Table 9 Environmental Management Strategies 72 Table 10 Environmental Management Strategy- A1 Management of Emissions 75 Table 11 Environmental Management Strategy- C1 Management of Chemicals and Hazardous

Substances 78 Table 12 Environmental Management Strategy - M1 Management of LNG Loading Operations 80 Table 13 Environmental Management Strategy - W1 Management of Liquid Wastewater 82 Table 14 Environmental Management Strategy- W2 Management of Hazardous and Non-

Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge) 85 Table 15 Environmental Management Strategy - E1 Management of Flora and Fauna 87 Table 16 Environmental Management Strategy-S1 Stakeholder Relations 90 Table 17 Environmental Management Strategy-S2 Management of Heritage Values (Indigenous

and European) 92 Table 18 Summary of DLNG Operations EMP Monitoring Programs 94 Table 19 ConocoPhillips Spill Response Tiers 99

List of Figures

Figure 1 ABU HSEMS Elements 9 Figure 2 ABU HSEMS Related Documentation 10 Figure 3 DLNG Plant Location and Adjacent Land Use Zoning Map 13 Figure 4 Known Heritage and Archaeological Sites Adjacent to the DLNG Plant Site 15 Figure 5 Vegetation Communities of Wickham Point 20 Figure 6 DLNG Plant Operating Context 24 Figure 7 DLNG Plant Process Block Diagram 29 Figure 8 DLNG Plant Layout 30 Figure 9 DLNG Plant Key Atmospheric Sources 31 Figure 10 Location of Discharge Points, Sedimentation Ponds and Clean water Outfalls 32 Figure 11 ConocoPhillips ABU-West Crisis, Emergency Management and Response Structure 98


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SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS Symbol / Acronym Description oC Degrees Celsius ABU ConocoPhillips Australasian Business Unit ADF Automotive Diesel Fuel AHD Australian Height Datum ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable ANZECC Former Australian and New Zealand Environment and Conservation Council APPEA Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association AQIS Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service ARMCANZ Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand AS Australian Standard AWTS Aerated Water Treatment System AQIS Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service BD Blow down BOD Biological Oxygen Demand BTEX Benzene, Toluene, Ethyl benzene, and Xylene BUD Beneficial Use Declaration CASA Civil Aviation Safety Authority CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan Clth Commonwealth CO Carbon Monoxide CO2 Carbon Dioxide CO2e Carbon Dioxide equivalent CoP ConocoPhillips Company (corporation) COP ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd (formerly Phillips Petroleum Company Australia Pty Ltd) CPPA ConocoPhillips Pipeline Australia Pty Ltd CPI Corrugated Plate Interceptor DAC Darwin Aquaculture Centre DAF Dissolved Air Flotation dBA A-weighted sound levels in Decibels DHWQO Darwin Harbour Water Quality Objectives DOR Department of Resources, Division of Primary Industry and Fisheries DG Dangerous Goods DHAC Darwin Harbour Advisory Committee DHCS Former (Northern Territory) Department of Health and Community Services DIPE Former (Northern Territory) Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Environment DLNG Darwin LNG DPC Darwin Port Corporation EDP Exceptional Development Permit EHR Environmental Hazards Register EIS Environmental Impact Statement EMP Environmental Management Plan EPL Environment Protection License EPO Environmental Protection Objective ERP Emergency Response Plan GHG Greenhouse Gas GWP Global Warming Potential HSE Health, Safety and Environment HAZID Hazard Identification HAZOP Hazard and Operability (study) H2S Hydrogen Sulphide HC Hydrocarbons Hg Mercury HSEMS Health, Safety and Environment Management System HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning


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Symbol / Acronym Description

IMDG International Maritime Dangerous Goods code IMO International Maritime Organisation kg Kilogram kg/h kilogram per hour kPa Kilopascal (measure of pressure) KPI Key Performance Indicator L Litre LMS Learning Management System LNG Liquefied Natural Gas LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas LP Low Pressure m3/h Cubic metres per hour

MARPOL The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, adopted by the International Conference on Marine Pollution, convened by IMO, 1973/78.

m Metre mg Milligram MMP Mangrove Monitoring Programme MTPA Million Tonnes per Annum NEPM National Environment Protection Measure

NGL Natural Gas Liquids (NGL produced by the DLNG Plant will comprise LPG) and condensate)

NMHC Non Methane Hydrocarbons NPI National Pollutant Inventory NT EPA Northern Territory Environmental Protection Authority N2O Nitrous Oxide NO2 Nitrogen Dioxide NOx Oxides of Nitrogen NT Northern Territory ODP Ozone Depletion Potential ODS Ozone Depleting Substances OEH Former Northern Territory Office of Environment and Heritage OEMP Operations Environmental Management Plan OSCP Oil Spill Contingency Plan PER Public Environmental Review PFD Process Flow Diagram P&ID Process and Instrumentation Diagram PM10 Particulate Matter (diameter less than 10 micrometres) ppb Parts per billion ppm Parts per million ppt Parts per thousand PV Pressure valve PWC (Northern Territory) Power and Water Corporation QRA Quantitative Risk Assessment RAN Royal Australian Navy SEWPAC Department of Sustainability Environment Water Population and Communities SOx Sulphur oxides SPO Sedimentation Pond Outfall TBT Tributyltin TCF Trillion cubic feet Train LNG processing section of the plant USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency UXO Unexploded Ordinance v/v Volume by volume VOC Volatile Organic Compound WM&PC Act Waste Management and Pollution Control Act (NT)


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2 INTRODUCTION

2.1 BACKGROUND

ConocoPhillips Pipeline Australia Pty Ltd (COP) operates the DLNG Plant on behalf of DLNG Pty Ltd. Equity ownership of the Darwin LNG plant is held by the following companies, through various affiliated entities: ConocoPhillips, Eni, Santos, INPEX, Tokyo Electric and Tokyo Gas. Construction of the Darwin Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant commenced in June 2003 and the plant was commissioned in the first quarter of 2006 when LNG sales commenced.

The DLNG Plant receives dry natural gas from the ConocoPhillips-operated Bayu-Undan Field (located in the Timor Sea Joint Petroleum Development Area) via the 502 km-long Bayu-Darwin Pipeline, for the purpose of producing LNG for export. The buyers of LNG are Tokyo Electric Power Company Inc. and Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd. The point of sale of the LNG product is when the LNG is loaded onto purpose–built LNG carriers, provided by the LNG buyers, at the DLNG Plant jetty. The LNG is shipped to Japan by the buyers and used for power generation by Tokyo Electric Power Company Inc., and gas distribution and sales to residential, industrial and commercial customers by Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd.

The Darwin Liquefied Natural Gas Plant (DLNG Plant), located at Wickham Point, Darwin, has a maximum instantaneous capacity, or nameplate capacity, equivalent to 3.7 million tonnes per annum (MTPA). The 3.7 MTPA DLNG Plant is the first train of a nominal 10 MTPA LNG Plant.

2.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE OEMP

This document is the environmental management plan for DLNG Plant operations. The upstream battery limit of the DLNG Plant is defined as the beach valve of the Bayu-Undan to Darwin gas export pipeline, located on Wickham Point. The downstream battery limit is the LNG loading arms of the jetty. The Operations Environmental Management Plan (OEMP) excludes activities performed by third parties outside the control of COP.

The purpose of the OEMP is to ensure implementation of the requirements of the Exceptional Development Permit (EDP) and the Environment Protection Licence (EPL).

2.2.1 Exceptional Development Permit

The Exceptional Development Permit (EDP) allows schemes which would otherwise be prohibited under the Northern Territory Planning Scheme to progress under specific conditions. Issued by the Minister for Lands and Planning the holder of the permit (DLNG Pty Ltd) must comply with the EDP throughout the construction, operation and decommissioning phase of the development.

The DLNG EDP 02/0015 was issued by the Northern Territory Minister for Lands and Planning on 11 November 2002 for the development of a 10 MTPA LNG Plant in two stages. Subsequent Variation Permits have been issued and currently the permit is operated under EDP02/0015F issued on 9 July 2009.

The EDP is included in full in Attachment 2.

2.2.2 Environment Protection Licence

The Environment Protection Licence (EPL) is issued under Section 34 of the Northern Territory Waste Management and Pollution Control Act 2009. The EPL is required for DLNG as it is operating premises for processing hydrocarbons so as to produce, store and/or dispatch liquefied natural gas or methanol in excess of 500,000 tonnes annually.

The DLNG EPL-LNG 01 was issued by the Executive Director of the Environment Protection Authority on 9 December 2005 for the production of LNG and natural gas liquids at the DLNG


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production plant at Wickham Point, with nameplate production capacity equivalent to 3.7 MTPA. Subsequent licenses have been issued as follows:

• EPL-LNG 01 issued 25 September 2009;

• EPL 54-02 issued 7 October 2010;

• EPL 54-03 issued 12 July 2012;

• EPL 54-04 issued due to minor administrative changes;

• EPL 54-05 issued due to minor administrative changes. The expiry date on the issued updates remained the 18 May 2017

This EPL provides an Environment Protection Objective (EPO), Beneficial Use Declaration (BUD) and specific Environmental Interests related to the site. The EPO is a statutory instrument to establish principles on which:

a) Environmental quality is to be maintained, enhanced, managed or protected;

b) Pollution, or environmental harm resulting from pollution, is to be assessed, prevented, reduced, controlled, rectified or cleaned up; and

c) Effective water management is to be implemented or evaluated.

Beneficial Use Declaration (BUD) is a legislated process that reduces the effects of water pollution and assists in the protection and management of water. The community decides how a particular water body should be used by choosing on one or more Beneficial Use categories.

The EPO and BUD are detailed as:

• Northern Territory of Australia, Environment Protection (National Pollutant Inventory) Objective, as in force at 7 January 2004;

• Declaration of Beneficial Uses and Objectives, Darwin Harbour Region, Northern Territory Government Gazette No. G27, 7 July 2010; and

Environmental Interests highlight sensitivity of the surrounding land use and environment associated with the location which represents an interest to the Northern Territory Government and the community and is detailed as:

• Sites of Conservation Significance, SOCS Number 6, (NT Parks and Conservation Masterplan Map Number 12).

EPL 54-05 commenced on 15 July 2012 and expires on 18 May 2017. The licence can be renewed between 90 and 30 days prior to the expiry date.

Specific EPL 54-05 requirements, in addition to those detailed within this report include:

• Licensee must notify NT EPA within 24 hours if there are changes to the details of the 24-hour emergency contact as provided on page one of this Licence.

• Licensee must notify NT EPA within 14 days if there are changes to the Licence details shown on page one of this Licence

• Licensee must cause clear and legible signage to be displayed in a prominent location at the Wickham Point Road entrance to the Location including the following details:

ο EPL number issued under the Waste Management and Pollution Control Act; and

ο 24 hour emergency contact details as provided on page one of this Licence.


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• All notices, documents or other correspondence required to be provided pursuant to this Licence must be provided in both hard and electronic form unless otherwise specified as a condition of this Licence.

The EPL is included in full in Attachment 1.

2.3 HSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FRAMEWORK

DLNG operates under the ConocoPhillips Health Safety Environment Management System (HSEMS) framework to protect people, assets and the environment.

The HSEMS comprise 15 individual elements. The elements are interrelated and the full implementation of each element is essential for the effective functioning of the system as a whole. The 15 elements are based on the continuous improvement cycle with phases of Policy & Leadership, Plan, Do, Assess and Adjust. Each phase includes one or more key elements as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 ABU HSEMS Elements

The COP Management System (HSEMS) Standard does not dictate how the management system should be implemented; only what it must include.

The COP Australian Business Unit (ABU) HSEMS manual is the over-arching business unit process and sets element goals for the individual assets to achieve. This document provides a link between the Corporate (COP) HSEMS and the ABU HSEMS.

The primary purpose of the OEMP is to:

• Define the environmental performance objectives, targets and key performance indicators with respect to statutory and corporate requirements;

• Document the DLNG facility Operations Environmental Management Strategies (environmental performance standards) in relation to the aforementioned requirements; and


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• Provide direction (by way of cross-references) to other related HSEMS documentation (depicted in Figure 2) that implements the requirements of the 15 HSEMS standard elements and the Environmental Management Strategies.

Figure 2 shows supplementary ABU HSEMS documentation supporting the requirements of the 15 HSEMS standard elements and the environmental management strategies. The one-directional arrows on Figure 2 depict an information or performance driver input to the OEMP. The two-directional arrows depict an on-going information exchange relationship between the OEMP and other documentation. Components of the ABU HSEMS are depicted in blue.

DLNG OPERATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT PLAN

Hazard Registers

CoP Corporate Standards, Guidelines

and ProceduresIndustry Codes and Standards

Safety Report

Third Party Contractor Plans and Procedures

Emergency and Spill Response Plans

NT and Commonwealth Government

Assessment Reports

Legislative RequirementsPublic Environmental

Report and EIS

HSE Procedures

Maintenance Procedures

Operations Procedures

Asset Integrity Procedures

Supply Chain Procedures

ABU-W HSE MS documentation

Exceptional Development Permit &

Variations

Environment Protection Licence (under WMPC

Act)

Contracts

Health & Hygiene Management Plan

Waste Management

Plan

Figure 2 ABU HSEMS Related Documentation

2.4 OEMP STRUCTURE AND CONTENT

The Australian Commonwealth Government Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism Guidelines for Preparation of an Environment Plan were used as a best practice reference guide for defining the content and structure of the OEMP.

The following sections of this OEMP explain the implementation and functioning of the environmental management process as depicted in Figure 1:

• Section 2 describes the socio-economic and environmental setting for the DLNG Plant.

• Section 3 defines the operating context, providing an overview of the DLNG Plant, operational activities, and the relevant legal and corporate performance objectives and requirements.

• Section 4 describes the hazard identification and environmental risk assessment processes, and summarises the findings of the DLNG Plant Operations risk assessment.

• Section 5 documents the Environmental Management Strategies, including performance objectives, targets, key performance indicators, and the key processes for their implementation within the ABU HSEMS framework.

• Section 6 outlines the emergency response arrangements.


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• Section 7 lists the references cited in the OEMP.

Attachments 1 and 2 include current versions of the EPL (EPL 54-05) and the EDP (EDP02/0015)

2.5 OEMP OWNERSHIP AND REVIEW

The DLNG Plant OEMP is a controlled document residing in the ABU HSEMS. The ABU West HSE Department is responsible for ensuring that the OEMP and other related ABU HSEMS documents are reviewed and revised to maintain their accuracy and currency.

Reviews and revisions of the OEMP and associated ABU HSEMS documents are to be undertaken in accordance with the ABU Management of Change process and document control requirements of the ABU HSEMS.

In particular, reviews and revisions shall be performed whenever one or more of the following circumstances arise.

• Changes in relevant regulatory requirements and/or industry codes and standards.

• Changes in HSE management practices and/or operational management of the facilities.

• Changes in plant performance or significant modification of the facilities.

• Additional relevant information regarding environmental hazards and risks becomes available from sources including, but not limited to, operational experience, environmental surveys and monitoring data.


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3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT

The socio-economic and environmental setting of the DLNG Plant is described in the Darwin LNG Plant Draft Environmental Impact Statement and the Darwin 10 MTPA LNG Facility Public Environmental Report.

The following key information provides the context for the environmental management strategies presented in Section 5.

3.1 LOCATION

The DLNG Plant is located at Wickham Point on the Middle Arm Peninsula in Darwin Harbour (Figure 3).

The DLNG Plant is located approximately 6 km south to south-east of Darwin, and 4 km north of Channel Island Power Station. Access to the DLNG Plant site is via Wickham Point Road, from Channel Island Road along Middle Arm Peninsula.

3.2 LOCAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT

3.2.1 Land Use and Zoning

The NT Planning Scheme Litchfield zoning map shows the area occupied by the DLNG Plant at Wickham Point (Sections 1860 and 1870 to 1873, Hundreds of Ayers) is zoned for Future Development (Figure 3).

A significant proportion of Middle Arm Peninsula, to the south and east of Wickham Point, is gazetted for Open Space Conservation (OC) land use where further industrial development is restricted.

3.2.2 Local Population and Land Uses

The nearest major residential populations in proximity to the DLNG Plant include Palmerston to the north-east of Middle Arm Peninsula (approximately 10 km by direct line of sight from the DLNG site), and the Darwin central business district (approximately 6 km by direct line of sight from the DLNG site) (see Figure 3).

Current land uses of Middle Arm Peninsula in the vicinity of the DLNG Plant include:

• Industrial land use at Channel Island (PWC power station, LPG storage and unloading facility, and the Darwin Aquaculture Centre);

• Aquaculture lease areas on Middle Arm Peninsula, to the south of Channel Island Road; and

• INPEX LNG plant at Blaydin Point (currently under construction).

• Recreational uses, reflecting the popularity of Darwin Harbour for recreational boating and fishing. In particular, Channel Island Bridge is a popular local fishing location.


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Figure 3 DLNG Plant Location and Adjacent Land Use Zoning Map


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The most intensive use of Darwin Harbour is commercial shipping, recreational boating and fishing, tourism and naval activities.

Prawn farms located to the south of Wickham Point (known as Aussie Prawn Farm and Golden Prawns) are DLNG Plant’s nearest neighbours. When in use, these farms are seasonally active during the day. Sleeping quarters are available.

East Arm Port is to the north-east of Wickham Point. It is a significant active Port development used by a range of maritime industries.

Fishing effort in Darwin Harbour is estimated at over one million hours per year. It accounts for around half of NT fishing effort. Slightly more fishing is undertaken from boats than from the shore. Around 18% of the population of Darwin own a boat – the vast majority of them powerboats. In total, some 800,000 fish are caught in Darwin Harbour per year. The most commonly caught fish are snapper species, followed by catfish, whiting, emperors and barramundi. In addition mud crabs are caught.

3.2.3 Indigenous Heritage Values

Wickham Point is considered to be of particular significance for the Larrakia people. The significance of Wickham Point to Aboriginal people flows from four sources:

• It has played a part in particular periods of Aboriginal history;

• Aboriginal people may have been buried on Wickham Point in the past;

• Adjacent marine areas are used as a source of food; and

• Wickham Point is of spiritual significance to all Larrakia people.

No Aboriginal burial grounds are known on Wickham Point. It is possible that burials occurred near the Leprosarium site at the northern extremity of the peninsula (Figure 4). This site is well away from the DLNG Plant site and is not to be disturbed.

A number of middens discovered within and adjacent to the plant boundary were subject to investigation, in consultation with the former Heritage Branch of DIPE (Figure 4). Shell middens are the most commonly recorded type of archaeological site in the Darwin region.

3.2.4 European Heritage Values

Wickham Point and other areas surrounding Darwin Harbour have significant European heritage values. Of the many heritage shipwrecks in Darwin Harbour, only the USAT Mauna Loa and USAT Meigs are situated close to the Bayu-Darwin Pipeline.

An archaeological study of Wickham Point confirmed the area holds some significance as a training base for the Z-Force military during World War II years, and artefacts (including concrete slabs from a relic search light camp) have been recorded on Peak Hill and surrounding areas. These artefacts have since been documented and temporarily stored off-site. Interpretative signage has been established at the Esplanade Park in the centre of Darwin.


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Figure 4 Known Heritage and Archaeological Sites Adjacent to the DLNG Plant Site


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The remains of the ‘Mud Island’ leprosarium are located on a sandy beach ridge forming the northern extremity of Wickham Point. This is well away from the DLNG Plant site and will not be disturbed.

Unexploded ordnance (UXO) has been found on Wickham Point, remaining from Z-Force activities, and Japanese aerial attacks and bombing of Darwin in 1942. Discovered UXO have been removed and surveys were undertaken during the DLNG Plant construction phase to ensure the DLNG Plant site is clear of UXO.

3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS

3.3.1 Climate and Meteorology

Darwin is situated in the monsoonal (wet/dry) tropics of northern Australia and experiences two distinct seasons: a hot, wet season from November to April and a warm, dry season from June to September. May and October are transitional months between the wet and dry seasons.

Distinctive seasonality of rainfall is the most distinguishing feature of the regional climate. A pre-wet season transitional period, commonly referred to as the build-up, occurs during October and November. Irregular thunderstorms characterise this period prior to the onset of more predictable rain systems associated with monsoonal troughs that occur in the wet season. Average annual rainfall for the Darwin region is 1,711 mm over an average of 111 rain days, with most rainfall occurring during the wet season.

The strongest winds and heaviest rainfall are associated with the passage of tropical cyclones. These occur at any time during the period November to April, and occur on average once every two years. Prevailing winds during the wet season are light west to north-westerly, freshening in the afternoon due to sea breezes. Prevailing winds in the dry season are the south-easterly trade winds.

3.3.2 Noise

Noise surveys were undertaken to measure background (ambient) and construction noise at and around the DLNG Plant site.

The results indicated that typical minimum noise levels at commercial/residential areas (e.g. Darwin city, East Arm, Durack, Palmerston) ranged between 34.2 and 41 dB (A).

Noise modelling undertaken by Bechtel has predicted noise from the operational LNG plant will not exceed a limit of 70 dB (A) on the property boundary. Levels at Darwin are predicted to be well below 45 dB (A) during normal atmospheric conditions.

3.3.3 Air Quality

Monitoring data and emissions estimates (from the Darwin Air shed National Pollutant Inventory) indicate that on a regional level the Darwin Air shed is generally considered to have good air quality (Bechtel, 2001 and CSIRO, 2001). However, air quality (particularly particulates and NOx) in the Darwin region is significantly affected by point sources of pollution (notably Channel Island Power Station) as well as regional emissions associated with dry season fires occurring at a regional scale.

Baseline ambient air quality monitoring was undertaken by Darwin LNG in 2004-05, and a follow up study of similar scope was conducted in 2008. The 2008 follow-up air monitoring programme indicated that ambient air quality in Darwin, as measured by Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) and Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) is very good. A distinct seasonal variation in NOx levels was noted, with greater NOx concentrations in the dry season. This is likely to be associated with bushfire plumes. No National Environmental Protection Measure (NEPM) standards were exceeded during the entire monitoring programme.

In accordance with EPL 54-05, air and greenhouse gas emissions trigger values have been assigned to DLNG. Monitoring results will be provided to NT Environment Protection Authority


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(NT EPA) within the yearly Monitoring Report. Air and greenhouse gas emissions relative to 3.7 MTPA production are displayed in Table 1 of Attachment 1.

3.3.4 Geology and Geomorphology

3.3.4.1 Wickham Point Geology and Soils

The bedrock consists of meta-sediments that have metamorphosed and undergone one major deformation, producing steep dips and resulting in the pervasive north-north-east strike of the strata. The Burrell Creek Formation present on Wickham Point consists of a sequence of phyllite, siltstone, shale, sandstone and conglomerate.

Parts of the Koolpinyah surface are present on the peninsula, and take the form of laterite deposits on bench areas of lower slopes or the flanks of the ridges and as extensive platforms near sea level. There is a prominent ferricrete pavement near sea level that extends seawards out to the low tide level. It forms a capping on the shallow near shore reefs.

Offshore subsurface stratigraphy is represented by 5 m to 9.5 m of sediment in the DLNG Plant jetty head area, underlain by phyllite and meta-siltstone of the Burrell Creek formation.

3.3.4.2 Darwin Harbour Sediments

There are three main sources of sediment input to Darwin Harbour:

• Breakdown of rocks in the catchment area by weathering and erosion;

• Remobilisation of existing sediments, including partially consolidated sediments; and

• Sediments of biogenic origin, including those derived from corals.

Most harbour sediments are a mixture of all three types. There is a general annual cycle of sediment deposition during the wet season and erosion during the dry. The seabed of Darwin Harbour is dominated by gravel with a scour zone in the centre of the harbour. The intertidal area off the point has fine sands and silts.

Tidal mudflats adjacent to Wickham Point comprise mangrove flats and salt flats. The mudflats are composed of Quaternary marine alluvium, commonly with shell fragments and organic matter in the mangrove zone and salt crusting on the salt flats. A broad intertidal flat lies in front of the western mangrove fringe of Wickham Point. An expanse of exposed pavement supporting three intertidal rock stacks occurs at the southern tip of Wickham Point.

3.3.5 Hydrology and Hydrogeology

Early Proterozoic sediments of the Burrell Creek Formation, comprising shale, siltstone, sandstone, and phyllite underlie the DLNG Plant site on Wickham Point. Outcrop is limited to two small sandstone ridges. A fine-grained sandy colluvium forms scree slopes on the base of the ridges.

The Burrell Creek Formation, which underlies the peninsula, is generally impermeable and holds only limited water in fractures. Minor volumes of groundwater may be retained in the colluvium during the wet season. Groundwater stored in the colluvium and fractures is likely to be utilised by the vegetation or lost through evaporation.

Several small creek lines flow from upland areas of Wickham Point to the harbour during the wet season.

3.3.6 Estuarine Oceanography

Darwin Harbour is characterised by a macro tidal regime. Tides are predominantly semidiurnal (two highs and two lows per day). The lowest spring tides of the year occur during October, November and December.


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The Harbour is considered well protected, with wind-generated waves typically less than 0.5 m in height, with periods of 2 - 5 seconds. The majority of waves are generated in the harbour or in Beagle Gulf. Predicted wave heights during cyclones would be around 3 to 3.5 m.

Extreme high water levels at Wickham Point, taking into account cyclone storm surge, cyclone wave set-up and astronomical tide, are estimated to be 3.8 m (10 year return period), 5.1 m (100 year) and 6.4 m (1,000 year).

3.3.7 Estuarine Physico Chemical Characteristics

Water salinity in Darwin Harbour varies considerably during the year, due to greater freshwater inputs during the wet season. Salinity throughout the harbour is about 37 parts per thousand (ppt) during the dry season, with surface and bottom depths having similar salinity. Salinity in the middle of the harbour can decrease to 27 ppt at the height of monsoonal inflow during March. Salinity in the arms are more influenced by freshwater inflow and can be as low as 17 ppt. The water at this time is highly stratified, with the bottom salinity being as much as 12 ppt higher than on the surface.

Ambient water temperature in Darwin Harbour is relatively high, between 31 ºC and 32 ºC for most of the year although it can decrease to about 29 ºC during the peak of the wet season.

Light levels reaching the sea surface in Darwin Harbour are relatively high. The turbidity of the water rapidly dissipates light and light levels even a few metres below the surface can be very low. This is particularly so during the wet when turbidity levels are very high.

3.3.8 Harbour Water Quality

Water quality in Darwin Harbour is generally high, even though naturally turbid for most of the time. Many water quality parameters in the harbour are affected by seasonal, spatial and tidal factors (e.g. turbidity, total suspended solids and chlorophyll a).

Current levels of nutrient discharges have not greatly affected water quality in the harbour. This is a likely result of dilution factors and the harbour’s strong tidal current flow regime. The waters of Darwin Harbour were declared to have beneficial uses for the protection of aquatic ecosystems, recreational water quality and aesthetics under the Northern Territory Water Act in 1996, in accordance with the objectives and criteria defined in the former Australian and Zealand Environment and Conservation Council, and Agriculture and Resource Management Council of Australia and New Zealand (ANZECC & ARMCANZ) Guidelines.

Objectives for surface water quality have been produced due to Darwin Harbour having Declaration of Beneficial Uses (NRETAS, 2010). As such Darwin Harbour Water Quality Objectives (DHWQO) are provided for specific parameters present in discharge to the harbour. Given the location of the DLNG site the interim ambient guideline values and water quality objectives for priority indicators of the Darwin Harbour are for the mid-estuary region.

In addition to the DHWQO specific surface water discharge trigger values are provided for authorised discharge points within the EPL 54-05 and are detailed in Table 2 of Attachment 1.

3.3.9 Harbour Sediment Quality

Geochemical investigations of marine sediments at the head of the product loading jetty and along the length of the construction dock were undertaken in 2002. The findings indicated concentrations of all metals except arsenic were below ANZECC and ARMCANZ screening levels at all sites. Arsenic concentrations at all but one site exceeded the ANZECC and ARMCANZ screening level, but not the maximum level. Hydrocarbons were below the analytical detection limit in all five samples. All samples tested for tributyltin (TBT) were below detection limits.

3.3.10 Ecosystems and Vegetation Communities

3.3.10.1 Vegetation Communities of Wickham Point


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The vegetation of the Wickham Point end of Middle Arm Peninsula comprises extensive intertidal areas supporting mangrove forests and salt flats that completely surround two upland or hinterland areas rising to a maximum elevation of 32 m at Peak Hill.

The hinterland areas surrounding the DLNG Plant are largely vegetated with dry monsoon rainforest. Limited areas of paperbark-dominated woodland occur on Wickham Point. The major plant community is monsoon rainforest, also known as dry rainforest, vine forest or vine thicket, which covers the majority of Wickham Point.

The floristic zones of the intertidal and dry land areas are depicted on Figure 5.

The intertidal areas include:

• Seaward mangrove area;

• Shoreline mangrove area;

• Tidal Creek mangrove area;

• Mid Tidal Flat mangrove area;

• Hinterland fringe mangrove area;

• Mixed species low woodland; and

• Samphire/salt flat.

The hinterland areas include:

• Beach;

• Dry rainforest (dense canopy);

• Dry rainforest (mid-dense canopy);

• Littoral woodland;

• Melaleuca Woodland; and

• Sedgeland and grassland.


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Figure 5 Vegetation Communities of Wickham Point


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3.3.10.2 Darwin Harbour Habitats

Rocky intertidal shores predominant the margins of headlands of Darwin Harbour. Extensive mangrove assemblages occur in the upper intertidal zone, with mud and sand flats in the lower intertidal zone. There are few sandy beaches in the harbour.

Coral communities occur at limited locations in Darwin Harbour where the substrate is rocky in the lower intertidal and subtidal zones. The subtidal rocks are dominated by algal communities. The coral communities occurring in Darwin Harbour are considered to be at the limit of their tolerance because of the turbid harbour water quality.

Seagrasses in Darwin Harbour are known to occur off Mandorah, Talc Head, Weed Reef, Wickham Point and between Channel Island and the mainland. The seagrasses are typically very sparse, primarily comprising Halodule uninervis and Halophila decipiens with some Halophila ovata and Cymodocea serrulata.

3.3.11 Fauna

Five fauna habitat types are recognised and described at Wickham Point. These include eucalyptus open forest; mangroves, margins and samphire; monsoon rain forest; paperbark woodland; and intertidal flats. Fauna records below were gathered through field surveys during September 1996 (dry season) and February 1997 (wet season). Reference to existing documentation and databases were also made, further details are available in Appendix I of the Draft EIS.

3.3.11.1 Amphibians

All recorded frog species have been found in Eucalyptus open forest during the wet season. Frogs are common in waterlogged areas with sedges. The most common species are Brown Tree Frog (Litoria rothi) and Dwarf Tree Frog (L. bicolor).

3.3.11.2 Reptiles

Eleven species of reptiles have been recorded for the site, including one species of crocodile, and 10 lizard species. The most commonly recorded species are small skinks of the genus Carlia, of which three species have been observed. Carlia munda was the most abundant, and was found in all non-marine habitats. Carlia amax was only observed around rocky areas in the monsoon vine thickets. Two skinks, Glaphromorphus darwiniensis and G. douglasi, were observed to be generally confined to the monsoon vine thickets and paperbark forest habitats.

Estuarine crocodiles (Crocodylus porosus) occur in Darwin Harbour and are occasionally seen on the mudflats and in the small mangrove creeks around Wickham Point.

Four species of water snake are specialised for life in mangroves, and are very likely to occur in this area. These species are Bockadam (Cerberus rhynchops), White-bellied Mangrove Snake (Fordonia leucobalia), Richardson's Mangrove Snake (Moron richardsoni) and Little File Snake (Acrochordus granulatus).

3.3.11.3 Birds

Ninety species of birds have been recorded in the study area during field surveys. An additional 93 species are known to occur in Darwin Harbour. These and are likely to be present at Wickham Point. The birds most commonly observed during previous surveys include Bar-shouldered Dove (Geopelia humeralis), Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita), Helmeted Friarbird (Philemon buceroides) and Yellow Oriole (Oriolus flavocinctus).

More bird species (57 species) were observed in mangrove-associated habitats than in any of the other habitats. The next richest habitat was Eucalyptus open forest.


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A great deal of seasonal variation was observed in bird species composition and numbers between two field surveys undertaken in the vicinity on the DLNG Plant site in September 1996 (dry season survey) and February 1997 (wet season survey). Similar numbers of species were observed in each seasonal survey (67 in the dry; 62 in the wet), but only 38 species were recorded on both field surveys, indicating the area has a very high proportion of transient or seasonal migrant species compared to residents. These species are made up of groups such as migratory waders and other wet season visitors. A number of wet season visitors have been recorded during September, which is the usual time for the arrival of seasonal migrants.

Large nesting mounds of the Orange-footed Scrubfowl are a prominent feature of Wickham Point.

3.3.11.4 Mammals

Fifteen mammal species (including two introduced species) have been recorded at Wickham Point during field surveys in September 1996 and February 1997. The Northern Brown Bandicoot (Isoodon macrourus) is a common species at Wickham Point. Agile Wallabies (Macropus agilis) are occasionally observed around the mangrove fringes and their tracks are seen on the samphire flats.

Microchiropteran (insectivorous) bats have been recorded frequently in Eucalyptus open forest, over tributaries and water bodies and using flyways on mangrove/open forest ecotones. Flying Foxes (Pteropus alecto) are occasionally observed in mangrove areas.

Indo-Pacific Humpbacked Dolphins (Sousa chinensis) and Irrawaddy River Dolphins (Orcaella brevirostris) are commonly observed in the harbour. Dugongs (Dugong dugon) are known to occur in Darwin Harbour, and in the vicinity of East and Middle Arms.

3.3.11.5 Aquatic Fauna

There are no permanent freshwater habitats on Wickham Point or the adjacent mainland peninsula. Wet season freshwater habitats are present in some areas of the mainland peninsula. It is likely that these seasonal freshwater areas provide breeding sites for some estuarine and coastal freshwater fishes.

Harbour waters support a high abundance of resident and transient pelagic tropical fish species.

3.3.11.6 Introduced Species

Cats are established at Wickham Point and were probably well established before the construction of the DLNG Plant. They currently appear to be present in relatively low numbers. Unless there is any indication of a significant increase in cat numbers or there is identification of a specific threat posed by cats to the survival of any vulnerable native species, there is no reason to implement a cat control program at this time. Cat control in mainland situations is impractical and not advocated by the Federal Department of Sustainability Environment Water Population and Communities (SEWPAC).

Wild dogs are known to occur in the area as evident from tracks, scats and DLNG Plant staff observations. These animals will continue to use the area and the number of wild dogs, although relatively low will fluctuate in response to seasonal variations (resource availability). As with cats, until proven as a pest or threat to site operations or a threat to the environment of Wickham Point no action to manage these animals is currently required.

Cane toads are established at Wickham Point and may pose a threat to populations of native predators. No indication of detrimental impacts by cane toads on the DLNG Plant operations or environment has been reported.

The Port of Darwin has been determined to be free of introduced marine pest species. This is despite detection of an infestation of the Black-striped Mussel (Mytilopsis sallei) in harbour marinas in 1999. The populations were detected early and reportedly eradicated.


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3.3.11.7 Biting Pests

Biting insects (mosquitoes and midges) are common at Wickham Point. The mosquito Ochlerotatus vigilax is considered to have the greatest potential as a pest and disease vector in the area. It and several other species are known to be vectors for Ross River virus and Barmah Forest virus. The freshwater mosquito, Culex annulirostris, is known to occur on Wickham Point, albeit in low numbers, this mosquito can be a vector of Murray Valley encephalitis. Substantial numbers of biting midges breed in the Wickham Point area.

A biting insect monitoring programme was undertaken by the Northern Territory Department of Health and Community Services (DHCS) Medical Entomology Branch (MEB) during the construction phase. A post-construction follow-up inspection was undertaken on the site by MEB at the end of 2005, and recommendations provided for on-going site management during the operations phase.

3.3.12 Conservation Values

All of the conservation areas in Darwin Harbour are distant from the DLNG Plant site. These include the East Point and Doctor’s Gully Aquatic Life Reserves, Charles Darwin National Park and the Channel Island coral community.

The coral community at Channel Island is listed on the Register of the National Estate and has been declared a Heritage Place under the Northern Territory Heritage Conservation Act 1991. The declaration is based on the presence of a relatively diverse coral community, which demonstrates that a coral based community can survive in a highly turbid environment with large tidal variations.


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4 OPERATING CONTEXT

4.1 INTRODUCTION

The purpose of this section is to define the operating context for environmental management of the DLNG Plant activities, i.e. the inherent engineering design features of the facilities, and the regulatory and policy context within which the DLNG Plant operates (Figure 6).

Figure 6 DLNG Plant Operating Context

4.2 DLNG PLANT COMPONENTS AND DESIGN STANDARDS

The DLNG Plant uses the ConocoPhillips Optimised Cascade LNG process. This is a mature process technology first used in 1969 at the Kenai (Alaska) LNG plant. Major components of the DLNG Plant include:

• Gas receiving facilities (including beach valve, pig receiver and meter station for the Bayu-Undan to Darwin Gas Export Pipeline);

• Gas processing facilities to remove impurities and liquefy the natural gas;

• On-site power generation facility (OSPG);

• A single LNG product storage tank; and

• Plant infrastructure and utilities, including a LNG carrier loading jetty on the west side of Wickham Point.

The key components of the DLNG Plant are listed in Table 1, and their inter-relationship depicted in a process block diagram in


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Figure 7. The site layout is shown in Figure 8.

Table 1 Key Components of the DLNG Plant

Unit Identifier Unit Name

11 Inlet Receiving and Gas Measurement 12 Acid Gas Removal Unit 13 Dehydration and Mercury Removal 14 Propane Refrigeration 15 Ethylene Refrigeration 16 Liquefaction and Methane Compressor/Nitrogen Rejection Unit (NRU) 17 Heavies Removal/NGL Recovery 19 Flare/Vent/Incinerator System 20 Refrigerant Storage 21 Diesel and NGL Storage and Transfer 22 Fuel Gas System 24 LNG Storage/Loading 29 Effluent/Stormwater/Sewage Treatment 31 Power Generation and Standby Generation 32 Lube Oil Cooling Water System 33 Firewater System 35 Plant/Instrument Air 36 Demineraliser/Water Systems (service water) 37 Turbine Air Humidifier System (TAHS) 38 Steam Generation System 39 Nitrogen Storage and Vaporisation

The inlet feed gas preparation uses standard treatment processes tailored for the Bayu-Undan gas feed composition and condition. Feed preparation consists of pressure reduction, acid gas removal, dehydration and mercury removal.

The gas is subsequently fed to the refrigeration system where it is liquefied as the LNG product. This achieved through a series of propane and ethylene chilling and compression units. Heavier hydrocarbons and natural gas liquids (NGL) are removed during the chilling process. A small amount of NGL (as LPG and/or condensate) may occasionally be recovered from the feed gas and be consumed as fuel on site. Following chilling and liquefaction, the LNG is sent to storage in the LNG tank before being piped to the jetty facility for loading onto LNG carriers.

Unit 19 is the flare and vent system. This includes a ground flare system (comprising one wet and one dry flare), a marine flare and an acid gas incinerator. The wet flare is to burn waste hydrocarbon streams that may contain water vapour and/or contain free liquid hydrocarbons and water. The dry flare is to handle cryogenic hydrocarbons (vapour and liquid). The marine flare is to handle LNG carrier tank purging vapors and flashed LNG vapors if the Boil Off Gas (BOG) Compressor is out of service. The Acid Gas Incinerator is designed to burn and disperse the acid gas from the Acid Gas Removal Unit. The incinerator is also equipped to burn flash gas.

Power generation is provided by turbine generators, two of which are duel fuel (gas/diesel). A diesel fuelled black-start generator is also available.

Propane and ethylene for refrigerant are imported by truck or sea-going container transport and stored on-site


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The locations of the primary atmospheric emission sources in the DLNG Plant are depicted in Figure 9. Details of emission sources are provided in Table 2.

Table 2 DLNG Emission Sources

Emission Sources Operation/Process Further Information

Gas Compressor Turbines

Refrigeration Gas Compression

Fuel gas is used in the liquefaction process to fuel refrigeration turbines.

Power Generation Turbines

Onsite Power generator

Fuel gas is used in power generation. Two of the five turbines are duel fuel (gas/diesel).

Flaring Pilot gas, Wet, Dry and Marine Flare

Flaring of gas can occur during full or partial blow-down, emergency shutdown, plant re-start, export-vessel cool down and pressure safety valve operation. Flaring is a necessary activity that allows for the safe combustion of flammable gases. The flare system includes a ground flare system (comprising one wet and one dry flare) and a marine flare. The wet flare is to burn warm waste hydrocarbon streams that may contain water vapour and/or contain free liquid hydrocarbons and water. The dry flare is to handle cryogenic hydrocarbons (vapour and liquid). The marine flare is to handle LNG carrier tank purging vapours and flashed LNG vapours if the boil-off gas (BOG) compressor is out of service.

Process Boilers Steam Generation Fuel gas is used in the boilers to generate steam. Acid Gas Incinerator

CO2 Removal Native CO2 and some minor amounts of SO2 and CO (Acid Gas) are discharged from the Acid Gas Incinerator The Acid Gas Incinerator is designed to burn and disperse the acid gas.

Venting from the Acid Gas Removal Unit Vent and Nitrogen Removal Unit Vent

Acid Gas Vent (CO2 Removal)

If the AGI unit is shutdown methane and higher end hydrocarbons are vented through the Acid Gas Vent. The plant has a NRU Vent. Nitrogen rejection equipment is necessary to meet fuel specification for GE LM2500+ aero derivative turbines (i.e. reduction of nitrogen in the fuel source). The NRU vent stream is routed to the adjacent BOC Helium plant on a permanent basis, to provide feedstock for Helium production. If the vent stream exceeds methane thresholds, it is processed via the DLNG ground flare.

Diesel Storage Tank

Localised generation

The Diesel Oil Storage Tank is designed to transfer diesel oil to the Firewater Pump, Auxiliary Air Compressor and the Standby Generator. Diesel can also be used for filling the storage tank


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As-built features of the DLNG Plant to reduce greenhouse gas and air pollutant emissions include:

• GE LM2500+G4 aero-derivative turbines have a high relative thermal efficiency and therefore lower fuel consumption.

• NRU vent flow directed to a helium plant adjacent the DLNG Plant unless there is a trip associated with a higher than normal methane content, in which case it would be directed to flare (since May 2010).

• Waste heat recovery system to recover heat from four gas turbine exhausts and use it for various heating requirements in the plant. Two supplemental boilers support this process.

• Equipment to recover vapour displaced from LNG carrier tanks during loading operations, so as to minimise flaring from the marine flare during LNG carrier loading.

Process effluent is generated from three sources; reject waters from the reverse osmosis plant (RO reject), sewage treatment plant (STP) and the oil/water separation and solids removal system (Corrugated plate interceptor (CPI) and Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF)). These wastewater treatment streams are approved for discharge via on-site irrigation or the jetty outfall and are detailed in Table 3.

Dedicated storm water settling (sedimentation) ponds are in place to treat storm water runoff from process areas and site roads. The five clean water discharge points include ‘clean’ runoff water (i.e. runoff that is generated by surface flow across areas of the plant outside any of the process areas). The location of sedimentation ponds, stormwater outfalls and clean water outfalls are shown in Figure 10.

Table 3 Authorised Discharge Points

Identification Description Location Discharge

SC-2914 Jetty Outfall 12.5235 S 130.8500 E

Demineraliser (RO) plant reject water

SC-2913 Irrigation Water 12.5217 S 130.8680 E

TAHS / boiler blowdown and water from the treated water holding tank (including tertiary treated sewage effluent and process water treated through the CPI and DAF)

SPO1 Sedimentation Pond Outfall 1 12.5236 S 138.8670 E

Stormwater runoff from process area (including the RO green sand filter backwash discharge) and site roads.


Stormwater runoff from site roads and administration areas


Stormwater runoff from site roads and administration areas

Note – Clean water discharges do not form part of the authorised discharge locations as they are assumed not to be impacted.

The Power and Water Corporation (PWC) supply fresh water for firewater and lube oil cooling use. Some of the purchased water is further treated to produce demineralised water, for use in the plant process.


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A small quantity of electricity from the Darwin grid is purchased from PWC and used to power offices onsite. In 2009, infrastructure was installed to allow the DLNG Plant to supply backup gas to the utility provider, PWC. Operational control of piping and associated infrastructure falls under the responsibilities of the utility provider.

Other facilities on the DLNG Plant site include:

• Security guardhouse;

• Administration offices;

• Fire station and first aid building;

• Laboratory;

• Maintenance workshop; and

• Warehouse and storage compounds.


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Figure 7 DLNG Plant Process Block Diagram

NRU Vent to BOC Helium Plant


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Figure 8 DLNG Plant Layout


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Figure 9 DLNG Plant Key Atmospheric Sources


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Figure 10 Location of Discharge Points, Sedimentation Ponds and Clean water Outfalls


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4.3 CONOCOPHILLIPS POLICIES

The key COP Corporate policies pertaining to the environmental management of the DLNG Plant operations are the Sustainable Development Position, the Climate Change Position, and the ConocoPhillips Company Health, Safety and Environment Policy which is fully covered in the Australasia Business Unit HSE Policy. These commitments are incorporated in individual OEMP environmental management strategies (see Section 5).

The policies are endorsed at the highest level of management in the corporation, i.e. the COP President and Chief Executive Officer.

4.3.1 Sustainable Development Position

ConocoPhillips Company’s Sustainable Development Position makes nine commitments to implement the principles of sustainability:

1. “Increase the availability of ever-cleaner energy”

2. “Be transparent and accountable by measuring and reporting both our financial and non-financial performance”

3. “Operate to the highest safety standard”

4. “Positively impact communities where ever we operate”

5. “Minimize the environmental impact of our operations”

6. “Invest in the well-being and development of our employees”

7. “Constantly improve the energy and material efficiency of our operations”

8. “Practice and uphold the highest ethical standard”

9. “Ensure the long-term financial viability of the company”

4.3.2 Climate Change Position

The corporation’s Climate Change Position “Recognizes that human activity, including the burning of fossil fuels, is contributing to increased concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere that can lead to adverse changes in global climate.”

ConocoPhillips (COP) considers greenhouse gas management to be a long-term issue. The Australian Business Unit has developed a local Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan. It is used to manage all aspects of climate change in the Australian Business Unit (ABU).

4.3.3 Australian Business Unit HSE & SD Policy

The DLNG Plant operations are managed under the HSE & SD Policy of the ConocoPhillips AustraliaBusiness Unit. This HSE & SD Policy directs development of the other elements of the DLNG HSEMS. The Policy states that the ConocoPhillips Australia Business Unit will support the following fundamental principles through our demonstrated actions:

• All injuries and releases can be prevented

• No work is so urgent or important that we cannot take the time to do it safely.

• All employees and contractors have the authority and the responsibility to stop work or shutdown equipment, if concerns exist about safety, security, the environment or property loss, without regard to loss of production.


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• Working safely is a condition of employment and each employee and contractor is responsible for their own safety and the safety of those around them. All incidents are to be immediately reported.

• We will safeguard our operations from process safety incidents by implementing systems to ensure the integrity and reliability of our equipment and operational capability.

• Managers and supervisors will demonstrate visible and active leadership that engages all employees and contractors to manage HSE performance with clear authorities, accountabilities and expectations.

• Employees and contractors are involved in comprehensive HSE audits and incident investigations to seek timely corrective action.

• Sustainability is a factor in our ongoing operations as well as in planning and execution of future projects.

• Business is conducted in a way that contributes to economic growth, a healthy environment and vibrant communities in the areas we operate.

• Employee participation and ownership in community activities is encouraged.

4.4 LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND STANDARDS OF OPERATION

A list of key environmental legislation and standards pertaining to the operation of the DLNG Plant is summarised in Table 4. This list is not exhaustive and requirements are subject to change.

Controlled copies of Northern Territory environmental protection legislation can be found at the NT Department of the Chief Minister’s website:

http://dcm.nt.gov.au/strong_service_delivery/supporting_government/current_northern_territory_legislation_database

CoP also obligations under Commonwealth legislation




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Table 4 Summary of Key Environmental Legislation and Standards Applicable to DLNG Plant Operations

Act / Regulation / Standard Objectives / Provisions Relevance to DLNG Plant Operations

Northern Territory Legal Requirements Bushfires Act (NT) The Act establishes the Bushfires Council and provides for the prevention and

control of bushfires in the Northern Territory. Permits are required to light fires (e.g. for purpose of on-site incineration of packaging waste).

Fire breaks to be maintained between vegetation and other flammable materials, and ignition sources.

Dangerous Goods Act and Dangerous Goods Regulations (NT)

This Act relates to the handling of certain dangerous goods (DG) within the Northern Territory.

Regulations stipulate requirements for the safe handling, storage and transportation of dangerous goods, including provision of adequate training for personnel, and suitable DG hazard labelling, DG storage facilities and on-site emergency response capability.

Division 2. Requirements for obtaining a Licence to store DGs – applicable to DLNG Plant site.

Division 4. Requirement to notify authorities of a Dangerous Occurrence.

Darwin Port Corporation Act and Port By-Laws (NT)

Clause 16. Functions of Darwin Port Corporation. Darwin Port Corporation is responsible for the movement of all vessels within the Port limits.

Port officers act as Agents for the prevention, management and control of pollution by oil in this jurisdiction.

Clause 29. Directions for movement and control of vessels within the Port, including traffic, mooring and anchoring of vessels.

Operation of the LNG loading facilities, as defined in the Darwin LNG Marine Terminal Handbook and Emergency Response Plans, to be compliant with Darwin Port Corporation requirements.

Environmental Offences and Penalties Act (NT)

The Act defines levels and penalties for environmental offences. Penalties in the event of causing environmental harm.

Fisheries Act (NT) It is illegal to pollute waters where the effect of the substance is that fish or aquatic life are injured, detrimentally affected or the habitats, food or spawning grounds are detrimentally affected.

Controls on offsite discharges to Darwin Harbour from DLNG Plant site are required to prevent water pollution.

Heritage Conservation Act and Heritage Conservation Regulations (NT)

The Act provides for the recording, declaration, conservation and protection of heritage and archaeological places and objects.

Approval must be sought and obtained before heritage sites or artefacts can be disturbed or removed.

A European heritage sites survey of the DLNG Plant site was conducted prior to clearance for construction. Sites remaining in situ are marked and must not be disturbed.

A survey for heritage sites must be conducted prior to any future site clearance work.


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NT Major Hazard Facilities Standard and Code of Practice

This Code is adopted as best practice guidance by NT Worksafe, to guide industry to implement and document a systematic process of hazard identification, risk assessment, control and evaluation to ensure the safety of a major hazard facility.

The DLNG Plant Operator committed to develop and submit a Safety Report to the NT Worksafe, documenting the measures taken to ensure the safe operation of the DLNG Plant (a major hazards facility).

Marine Pollution Act and Marine Pollution Regulations (NT)

The objective of the Marine Pollution Act is to protect the marine and coastal environment from ship/boat sourced pollution. This includes litter/ rubbish, hydrocarbons and substances that may be hazardous to the marine environment (including substances that may be in ballast and grey water).

Operation of LNG carriers and support vessels at the LNG loading facilities, as defined in the Darwin LNG Marine Terminal Handbook and Emergency Response Plans, to be compliant with requirements of this Act.

Northern Territory Aboriginal Sacred Sites Act and Regulations (NT)

This Act creates the Aboriginal Areas Protection Authority, which issues (Sacred Sites) Certificates for specific areas. These certificates advise of sacred sites within an area.

Approval must be sought and obtained before sacred sites can be disturbed or destroyed.

An Aboriginal sites survey of the DLNG Plant site was conducted prior to clearance for construction. Sites remaining in situ are marked and must not be disturbed.

A survey for Aboriginal sites must be conducted prior to any future site clearance work.

Planning Act and Planning Regulations (NT)

Provides for the planning and control of the use and development of land, which may or may not be subject to a planning instrument. The planning instrument is the NT Planning Scheme which consists of Development Provisions (town plans which specify land zoning), Land Use Objectives (planning policy) and Incorporated Documents.

Development and use of area defined as 1860, 1870, 1871, 1872 and 1873, Wickham Point, Hundred of Ayers, must be in compliance with the conditions of Exceptional Development Permit EDP02/0015 and subsequent Variations to the Permit. An application must be submitted to obtain changes to Permit conditions.

Public Health Act and Public Health (General Sanitation, Mosquito Prevention, Rat Exclusion and Prevention) Regulations (NT)

This regulation prescribes requirements for waste and sewage management, and site housekeeping to prevent pollution of water courses, discourage breeding of mosquitos and rats, and mosquito prevention such as drainage works and maintenance of drainage systems to avoid ponding of water and reed growth.

Approval is required to install septic tanks and sewage treatment facilities on site. The DLNG Plant has obtained approval to install and operate a tertiary sewage treatment plant.

Site housekeeping procedures to ensure appropriate storage and handling of waste, and inspection and regular cleaning and treatment of potential mosquito and feral rat breeding habitats.

Soil Conservation and Land Utilisation Act (NT)

Makes provision for the prevention of soil erosion and for the conservation and reclamation of soil.

Activities on site that may lead to erosion and sedimentation, or disturbance of sediments must be controlled to minimise adverse impacts.


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Territory Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act, By-laws and Regulations (NT)

An Act to establish Territory Parks and other Parks and Reserves, and to study, protection, conservation and sustainable utilisation of wildlife.

"Wildlife" means:

(a) animals and plants that are indigenous to Australia;

(b) animals and plants that are indigenous to the Australian coastal sea or the sea-bed and subsoil beneath that sea;

(c) migratory animals that periodically or occasionally visit Australia or the Australian coastal sea;

(d) animals and plants of a kind introduced into Australia, directly or indirectly, by Aboriginals before the year 1788; and

(e) other animals and plants as are prescribed.

The management of wildlife is to be carried out in a manner that promotes:

(a) the survival of wildlife in its natural habitat;

(b) the conservation of biological diversity within the Territory;

(c) the management of identified areas of habitat, vegetation, ecosystem or landscape to ensure the survival of populations of wildlife within those areas;

(d) the control or prohibition of (i) the introduction or release of prohibited entrants into the Territory; and (ii) any other act, omission or thing that adversely affects, or will or is likely to adversely affect, the capacity of wildlife to sustain its natural processes; and

(e) the sustainable use of wildlife and its habitat.

Section 48. Feral animal control areas. The Minister may declare an area of land in respect of the wildlife, habitat, ecosystem, vegetation or landscape to be a feral animal control area.

Section 49 (1).The Director may, by notice in writing, require the owner or occupier of land in a feral animal control area to undertake the measures specified in the notice for the control or eradication of a feral animal on the land.

Section 43 (1). All wildlife that: (a) is in a park, reserve, sanctuary, wilderness zone or area of essential habitat; or (b) is a vertebrate that is indigenous to Australia, is protected wildlife. (2) The Regulations may prescribe species of wildlife that are protected wildlife.

Section 66 (1). A person must not take or interfere with protected wildlife unless the person is authorised to do so under this Act.

Wildlife are present on Wickham Point. DLNG Plant site activities must be conducted so as to avoid disturbance and minimise adverse impacts to wildlife and their habitat.

Feral animal surveillance monitoring is to be undertaken on the DLNG Plant site.

Waste Management and Pollution Control Act and Waste Management and Pollution Control (Administration) Regulations (NT)

The Act places general environment protection duties on persons to not undertake an activity that pollutes or might pollute the environment unless the person takes all reasonable and practicable measures to prevent or minimise any resulting environmental harm.

Schedule 2. An Environment Protection Licence is required to operate premises for processing hydrocarbons so as to produce, store and/or despatch liquefied natural gas where the premises are designed to produce more than 500,000 tonnes annually. The Environment Protection Licence and subsequent variations issued for the DLNG Plant stipulates performance and reporting criteria.


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Waste Management and Pollution Control Act and Environment Protection (National Pollutant Inventory) Objective (NT)

The Act provides for implementation of Commonwealth National NEPMs in conjunction with the National Environment Protection Council (Northern Territory) Act. The Environment Protection (National Pollutant Inventory) (NPI) Objective pertains to emissions of solid, gaseous and liquid substances (as defined by column 1 of the NPI NEPM) to the environment in pure form or contained in other matter.

NPI NEPM includes substances that will be emitted from the DLNG Plant. Clause 3 Environment Protection (NPI).

Objective: The occupier of premises at which a reporting threshold for a substance is exceeded during a reporting period must provide a report in an approved form to NT EPA by 30 September for the previous reporting period (1 July to 30 June).

Water Act and Water Regulations (NT)

Provides for the investigation, use, control, protection, management and administration of water resources within the NT. Under this Act, the waters of Darwin Harbour (and the marine reaches of rivers draining into it) were declared to have “beneficial uses” for the protection of aquatic ecosystems, recreational water quality and aesthetics. It is an offence under this Act to pollute the declared waterways and impact on the beneficial uses.

Darwin Harbour (and marine reaches of rivers and creeks draining into the Harbour) are declared Beneficial Uses for the purposes of “Aquatic Ecosystem Protection and Recreational Water Quality and Aesthetics”.

Division 2 Section 45. Licences are required to Take or Use Water (including surface water from Darwin Harbour).

Section 74. Licence is required to discharge waste to natural waters. An Application for a Waste Discharge Licence is required for wastewater discharges to Darwin Harbour and creeks or rivers draining into the Harbour.

DLNG operations to assess Jetty Outfall water quality against mid-estuary Darwin Harbour Water Quality Objectives. Where the DHWQO cannot be met for the Jetty Outfall site specific values will be developed (in accordance with EPL 54-05).


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Weeds Management Act 2001 and Regulations (NT)

The Act classifies weeds and requires specific weeds to be dealt with under the provisions of the Act.

Section 9 (1). The owner and occupier of land must:

(a) take all reasonable measures to prevent the land being infested with a declared weed;

(b) take all reasonable measures to prevent a declared weed or potential weed on the land spreading to other land; and

(c) within 14 days after first becoming aware of a declared weed that has not previously been, or known to have been, present on the land, notify an officer of the presence of the declared weed.

(2) The owner and occupier of land on which a declared weed or potential weed is present must comply with a weed management plan relating to the weed.

(3) The owner and occupier of land on which a potential weed is present must dispose of the weed only on the land or at a designated weed disposal area.

There is potential for introduction of declared weeds to the DLNG facilities site via vehicular and pedestrian traffic, and wind-borne incursions.

The site environmental monitoring procedures must include surveillance for and management of declared weeds.

Work Health and Safety (National Uniform Legislation) Act 2011 and Regulations (NT)

The Work Health Act promotes occupational health and safety in the Territory to prevent workplace injuries and diseases, and to protect the health and safety of the public in relation to work activities. A Safety Management Plan is required under the Act.

An employer is required to take a constructive role in promoting improvements in work health and safety practices as assisting persons conducting businesses or undertakings and workers to achieve a healthier and safer working environment

A licence is required for the operation of certain facilities.

Commonwealth Legal Requirements Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation (EPBC) Act 1999

Under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, any development requires assessment if it has the potential to affect one or more of eight matters of National Environmental Significance (NES), which are:

• World Heritage properties • National Heritage places • Wetlands of international importance (listed under the Ramsar Convention) • Listed threatened species and ecological communities • Migratory species protected under international agreements • Commonwealth marine areas • The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park • Nuclear actions (including uranium mines).

DLNG not to impact on nineteen listed threatened species and 53 migratory species indicated under the Protected Matters Search Tool (PMST) as occurring within 10 km of DLNG.

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/heritage.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/heritage.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/wetlands.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/species-communities.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/migratory.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/marine.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/great-barrier-reef.html

http://www.environment.gov.au/epbc/protect/nuclear.html


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Energy Efficiency Opportunities (EEO) Act 2006

Under the Energy Efficiency Opportunities Act 2006.

Corporations must report publicly on the results of their energy efficiency assessments and the opportunities that exist for projects with a financial payback of up to four years. The focus is on the energy savings opportunities identified in the assessment and the business response to those opportunities.

DLNG is required to report annually on progress of energy efficiency projects to the Federal government.

National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) Act 2007

The National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Act 2007 (NGERs) was passed on 29 September 2007.

The NGERs Act introduces a single national reporting framework for the reporting and dissemination of information about the greenhouse gas emissions, greenhouse gas projects, and energy use and production of corporations. Under NGERs, There are two types of thresholds at which corporations are required to participate – facility thresholds and corporate thresholds. Each type of threshold has a greenhouse gas and an energy threshold. If a corporation exceeds any one or more of the four thresholds for each year, registration is required. Organisations that exceed these thresholds must report their greenhouse gas emissions, energy production; and energy consumption.

DLNG is required to report annually on greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and energy production to the Federal government.

National Environment Protection (Ambient Air Quality) Measure (Clth)

The National Environment Protection Measure for Ambient Air Quality, established in 1998, specifies standards and goals for ambient levels of "criteria" air pollutants considered to be general indicators of air quality in urban airsheds. The Ambient Air Quality NEPM requires that each Australian jurisdiction reports on general air quality, breaches and trends based on monitoring network data.

In 2003, the Ambient Air Quality NEPM was varied to add an Advisory Reporting Standard for Particulate Matter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5).

See reporting requirements listed for Waste Management and Pollution Control Act Environment Protection (NPI) Objective

National Environment Protection (National Pollutant Inventory) Measure (Clth)

The national environment protection goals established by this NEPM are to assist in reducing the existing and potential impacts of emissions of substances and to assist government, industry and the community in achieving the desired environmental outcomes set out in Clause 5 of the NEPM by providing a basis for:

(a) the collection of a broad base of information on emissions of substances on the reporting list to air, land and water; and

(b) the dissemination of information collected to all sectors of the community in a useful, accessible and understandable form.

Australian industrial facilities using more than a specified amount of the substances listed on the NPI reporting list are required to estimate and report emissions of these substances annually. The NPI database can be viewed at: http://www.npi.gov.au/

National Environment Protection (Air Toxics) Measure (NEPM) (Clth)

The Air Toxics NEPM is intended to facilitate management of air toxics in ambient air that will allow for the equivalent protection of human health and wellbeing. The NEPM lists five priority substances: benzene, toluene, xylenes, benzo-a-pyrene (as a marker for Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons) and formaldehyde. Other substances may be included in the future.

Although this NEPM will not carry monitoring obligations on jurisdictions, it requires the NT Government to undertake a desk-top assessment of air toxic “hot spots” and identify possible sites that may be prioritised for monitoring for air toxic pollutants.

http://www.npi.gov.au/


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Industrial Chemicals (Notification and Assessment) Act and National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) Regulations (Clth)

Industrial chemicals are regulated by the Australian Government, administered by the National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme (NICNAS) and located within the Office of Chemical Safety.

NICNAS is the Australian Government regulatory authority for industrial chemicals. It provides a national notification and assessment scheme to protect the health of the public, workers and the environment from the harmful effect of industrial chemicals; and assesses all chemicals new to Australia and assesses those chemicals already used (existing chemicals) on a priority basis, in response to concerns about their safety on health and environmental grounds.

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are required for all industrial chemicals on-site.

MSDSs required for products produced by DLNG Plant.

Ozone Protection and Synthetic Greenhouse Gas Management Act 1989 and Ozone Protection and Synthetic Greenhouse Gas Management Regulations 1995

The purpose of the Act is to implement the requirements of the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol, through a system of controls on the manufacture, import, distribution, use and export of substances that deplete ozone in the atmosphere.

DLNG Plant to avoid use of ozone depleting substances.

Quarantine Act and Quarantine Regulations (Clth)

The Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS) administers current legislation relating to quarantine matters.

The Quarantine Act provides powers for quarantine officers to deal with quarantine matters, sets out the legal basis for controlling the importing of goods, animals and plants and determines the offences for breaches of the Act.

On July 1 2001, Australia introduced mandatory ballast water management requirements to reduce the risk of introducing harmful aquatic organisms into Australia’s marine environment through ship’s ballast water.

AQIS is responsible for shipping inspections and monitoring of potential introduced marine pests.

Darwin LNG Marine Terminal Handbook to define requirements for LNG carrier waste and ballast water management (to be implemented by the vessel operator).


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5 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT

DLNG Plant operations poses a potential source of risk to the surrounding environment. This chapter details the methodology, outcomes (consequence and likelihood) of the operations environmental risk assessment and links to the OEMP’s proposed management measures.

5.1 METHODOLOGY

The environmental hazard identification and risk assessment process applied to the DLNG Plant is based on COP’s internal risk assessment methods. It is in accordance with the principles of Australian Standard AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009 (AS/NZS, 2009) and HB 203:2006 (AS/NZS, 2006). Key steps in this process include:

• Identifying aspects of the project that may impact the environment.

• Describing potential environmental impacts.

• Assigning a consequence rating to the potential impact (Table 5Error! Reference source not found.)

• Assessing the likelihood of the potential environmental impact occurring considering mitigation controls in place (Table 6)

• Determining the residual level of risk for each potential impact, with consideration of existing mitigation controls (Table 7)

Risk control mitigations are designed to minimise adverse effects on the environment to as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP).

The environmental aspects and sources of risk have been determined on the basis of the DLNG Plant description, facility piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), operating and maintenance procedures and environmental performance since production operations commenced.


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Table 5 Environmental Consequence Criteria

5Fatality, Public

Hospitalization, or Severe Health

Effects

> $10 MM > $10 MM > $10 MM National Coverage

Complete Area Evacuation

Permanent lost access or use of area with permanent

reduction in community or tribal quality of life; major

economic impact to surrounding community;

irrevocable loss of culture resources.

Catastrophic permanent loss/extinction (100%) of

species, habitat or ecosystem. Irrevocable loss, no mitigation

possible.

> $10 MM

4Permanent Disability, Multiple

Hospitalizations, or Major Health

Effects

$1 MM to $10 MM

$1 MM to $10 MM

$1 MM to $10 MM

Regional Coverage

Selected Areas of Evacuation Notification

Permanent partial restriction on access or use, or use, or total

restriction >10 years in duration; temporary reduction

in quality of life > 10 years duration; harm to cultural resources requiring major

mitigation.

Serious loss or migration (>50%) of species population, habitat or ecosystem. Partial

mitigation only possible through prolonged and

resource intensive effort (>50 years).

$1 MM to $10 MM

3One or More Lost

Time Workday Cases or

Significant Health Effects

$100 M to $1 MM$100 M to $1

MM$100 M to $1

MMState

coverageShelter in Place

Notification

Temporary restriction <10 years in duration with a

moderate reduction in usage levels or quality of life; harm to cultural resources recoverable through moderate mitigation

efforts.

Temporary, but reversible loss/migration of species

population (<25%), habitat or ecosystem. Moderate

mitigation efforts required for total reversal.

$100 M to $1 MM

2Medical

Treatment with Restricted Duty or

Medium Health Effects

$10 M to $ 100M $10 M to $ 100M

$10 M to $ 100M Local Coverage

Local (Selected Phone/Leaf-Let

Notice)

Brief restriction <5 years in duration with a minor reduction in usage levels or quality of life;

minor harm to cultural resources that are recoverable

through minor mitigation efforts.

Brief, but reversible loss/migration of species

population (<15%), habitat or ecosystem. Minor mitigation

efforts required for total reversal.

$10 M to $ 100M

1Medical

Treatment, Minor Health Effects,

First Aid Case, or Less

$ 0 to $10 M $ 0 to $10 M $ 0 to $10 M No Outside Coverage

No Communication

to Public

Restrictions on access without loss of resources; temporary but fully reversible impacts on quality of life; minor impact on

cultural resources, landscapes, traditions that are fully

reversible without lost value.

Some minor loss/migration of species population (<10%)

habitat or ecosystem that are short term and immediately and completely reversible.

$ 0 to $10 M

Risk Matrix Training Reference document

3. Public image to reference resources such as major TV news channels or newspapers / periodicals and not necessarily internet carried articles. CNN coverage is National Coverage, Reuters may not be.4. See Guidance Document for definitions of Health Effects.

5,6 Regulatory/Claims & Litigation

5 Biodiversity Impact1Socio-Cultural Economic

Impact 2 Public

Notification

2. The non-monetary severity columns (Safety, Public Image, and Public Notification) are independent of any monetary relationships and are not intended to be proportionally related to the other Consequence Severity Categories.

6. Risk Mgmt and Remediation projects may find this category applicable, as well.

NOTE: Evaluation of the Consequence Severity is evaluated without safeguards in place. See the Risk Matrix Training Reference document for details on how to properly apply the risk matrix. Click on link below.

CONSEQUENCE SEVERITY Description (most severe down to least severe )

5. These categories are developed for more specific risk evaluations associated with the initial stages of Production (upstream) or Manufacturing / Processing (downstream) Projects.

2,4 SafetyCategory

1. Severity values for Asset Damage and Business Interruption are Corporate perspective. Each specific BU may need to adjust severity values as applicable.

2,3 Negative Public Image

1 Business Interruption

1Asset Damage

Envir Impact (Remediation)

Table 6 Likelihood Criteria


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Table 7 Risk Matrix and Ratings

Risk Matrix LI

KEL

IHO

OD

5 II II III IV IV 4 I II III III IV 3 I II II III III

2 I I II II II 1 I I I I II

1 2 3 4 5 CONSEQUENCE


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5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT

Potential environmentally hazardous events are identified for seven broad environmental effects categories:

• Atmospheric Emissions;

• Liquid Discharges;

• Heat, Noise and Vibration;

• Vegetation and Ecosystems;

• Waste Handling and Disposal;

• Socio-Economic Effects on Community Stakeholders; and

• Cultural Heritage Values.

The qualitative risk assessment identified a total of 53 potential risks. Two were assessed as ‘significant’, thirty were assessed as ‘medium’ and twenty one assessed to be ‘low’ residual risk. Table 8 shows the risk assessment, with management and mitigation measures for each of the potential risks.

Note: the risk ratings documented in Table 10 represent residual risk levels, i.e., the likelihood of occurrence of an identified event and the associated consequence severity, taking into account risk mitigation controls in place as a result of the hardware controls (engineering), operating personnel competencies, operating plans and procedures, and emergency response plans and arrangements.


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Table 8 Environmental Hazards, Potential Effects and Residual Risk Assessment

Element No

Operational Activity

Environmentally Hazardous

Event

Potential Environmental Effect (of Operating As-

Built Facility) Risk Management Controls and

Mitigation Consequence Frequency Residual Risk

Management Strategy

Atmospheric Emissions (Greenhouse Gases, Air Pollutants and Ozone Depleting Substances) A1 Planned –

Fuel Gas Consumption by Propane, Ethylene and Methane Compressors Gas Turbines

Exhaust and greenhouse gas emissions from propane compressors gas turbines

The refrigeration gas compressors are the most material source on site contributing approximately 48.92% of the total GHG inventory

Hot exhaust gas discharge causes a local effect on microclimate in the vicinity of the facilities.

In 2008, ambient air monitoring results for criteria pollutants (CO, NO2, PM-10 and SO2) indicate that maximum concentrations of these pollutants in the ambient environment at specified locations are well below Australian National Environment Protection Measure standards and World Bank Guidelines.

Propane turbines run on fuel gas produced at the plant. Fuel gas is the cleanest fuel that could be used at the DLNG plant (compared to diesel). Exhaust gas stacks are equipped with waste heat recovery units (WHRUs), designed to recover heat for reuse in heaters elsewhere in the process.

GE LM-2500+ G4 aero-derivative gas turbines have a high thermal efficiency (lower fuel consumption), and reduce NOx emissions through water injection.

Improved control of fuel use and water injection is implemented through regular gas compositional analysis.

The NOx limit is set at 50 ppm within the control system resulting in improved equipment longevity and exhaust emissions.

Position indicators are fitted on fuel gas vent solenoids todetect uncontrolled venting from the system

4

Moderate

5

Frequent

20

Significant

Strategy A3 – Management of Exhaust Stack Emissions


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A2 Planned – Fuel Consumption by the OSPG Solar Taurus 60’s Turbines

Exhaust and greenhouse gas emissions from the gas-fuelled OSPG gas turbines (Note two of the five OSPG turbines are dual diesel/ gas-fuelled)

Onsite power generation accounts for approximately 4.47% of the total GHG emissions inventory.

Hot exhaust gas discharge causes a local effect on microclimate in the vicinity of the facilities.

The 2008 ambient air monitoring results for criteria pollutants (CO, NO2, PM-10 and SO2) indicate that maximum concentrations of these pollutants in the ambient environment at specified locations are well below Australian National Environment Protection Measure standards and World Bank Guidelines

Only two of the five OSPG Solar Taurus 60’s with Solonox II technology for NOx control duel fuel run on either fuel gas or diesel.

The other three turbines run on fuel gas only.

The fuel source for the power generation compressors can be taken from the front end of the plant (feed gas) or the back end of the plant (fuel gas).

Use of ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel

3

Moderate

5

Frequent

15

Significant


A3 Planned – fuel consumption by the stand-by diesel generator and the black start diesel generator

Exhaust gas emissions from the stand-by diesel and black start generators

Greenhouse gas emissions and air pollutants from fuel combustion. The stand-by diesel generator and the black start generator are only used occasionally.

Use of ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel

1

Negligible

5

Frequent

5

Medium



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A4 Planned – Operation of Flare pilots

Flaring of hydrocarbons through the wet and dry flares (routine flaring emissions flare pilots)

Flaring accounts for approximately 6.52% of the total GHG emissions inventory.

Minor residual radiation from ground flare to surrounding vegetation and environment. Exhaust gas from the ground flare creates a plume of hot gas, which eventually dissipates under the effects of plume buoyancy and winds. Low potential for nuisance to aircraft operations.

Radiation shield installed around ground flare to prevent radiation effects to surrounding vegetation, piping, roads and site staff.

Plume modelling indicates no direct impact to commercial airport operations.

1

Negligible

5

Frequent

5

Medium

Strategy A1 – Management of Flaring

Strategy E2 – Management of Native Vegetation

Strategy S1 – Management of Stakeholder Relations


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A5 Planned – LNG ship loading operations

Flaring of excess LNG vapour through the dedicated marine flare, including fuel gas, used for purge and pilot gas.

Consumption of natural resource (hydrocarbons). Annual GHG emissions due to routine flaring through the marine flare system (i.e. ship loading operations and fuel gas flare purge) amount to approximately 0.81% of the total.

GHG emissions inventory (based on 52 LNG carriers off takes a year).including 2 off-spec ships.

Emission of air pollutants such as NOx and CO.

Radiation and heat dissipation to adjacent environment.

Visual effects from the marine flare (visible from Stokes Wharf, Darwin) could attract/disrupt local marine wildlife during night time ship loading and flaring operations.

The LNG vapour recovery system is designed to recover the LNG boil off vapour during ship loading operations and consequently reduce the volume of LNG sent to the marine flare.

Relatively low height of marine flare and partial shielding by the LNG tank reduce the radiation effects and light spillage on marine and terrestrial environments.

Unit 24 LNG ship loading procedure

Unit 24 Cargo Operations Gassing Up of Inert Tankers and/or Extended Cool down of Warm Tankers

2

Minor

5

Frequent

10

Medium




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A6 Upset and maintenance flaring through the ground flare

Increased flaring emissions through the wet and dry flares (non-routine flaring emissions)

Majority of flaring is non-routine flaring from the ground flare associated increase in emissions of air pollutants such as NOx, SO2 and CO. Increase in noise levels over ‘background’ routine flaring noise levels.

Minor residual radiation from ground flare to surrounding vegetation and environment. Exhaust gas from the ground flare will create a plume of hot gas, which will eventually dissipate under the effects of plume buoyancy and winds. Low potential for nuisance to aircraft operations.

Radiation shield around ground flare to prevent radiation effects to surrounding vegetation, piping and roads, occasionally used by site personnel.

Plume modelling indicates no direct impact to commercial airport operations. Airport control centre will be notified well in advance of planned non-routine flaring operations. Emergency flaring will result in immediate notification of airport control centre.

For the cases of high gas arrival pressure at the plant inlet, an Independent Safety Instrumented System (ISIS) has been provided in addition to the SIS to prevent over-pressurisation of the Inlet Separator and downstream equipment thus minimizing the amount of flaring that would be required upon failure of the inlet control instrumentation.

Minor capital project on advanced process control (APC) has made production more reliable.

2

Minor

5

Frequent

10

Medium



Strategy S1 - Management of Stakeholder Relations


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A7 Upset/ maintenance flaring through the marine flare

Increased flaring emissions from the marine flare (non-routine flaring)

Consumption of natural resource (hydrocarbons). Annual GHG emissions due to non-routine flaring through the marine flare system have been estimated at approximately 5,130 tonnes CO2e per annum. Associated increase in emissions of air pollutants such as NOx, SO2 and CO.

Visual effects from the flare (aesthetic effect). Night-time flaring could attract/ disrupt the local marine wildlife’s habitat due to light acting as an attractant for fish and their predators.

Non-routine marine flaring estimate is based on tank heat leakage when the liquefaction plant is offline during shutdown operations.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium


A8 Planned– Venting of nitrogen rich gas through the nitrogen vent

Venting of methane and Nitrogen through the nitrogen vent

Intermittent venting of GHG (methane and nitrogen) to atmosphere. Total annual NRU flow is approximately 28 kNm3, of this between 19 and 23 knm3 is sent to BOC. The remainder is vented through the NRU vent.

Nitrogen rejection vent stream which contains methane was formerly vented to atmosphere. This waste stream is now sold to local domestic gas supplier as feedstock (off-site helium plant). On occasion when the flow is too high for the helium plant, the difference is vented to atmosphere. When the helium plant trips the NRU waste stream is vented to atmosphere. High methane content trips are diverted to flare.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low

Strategy A2 – Management of Venting and Fugitive Emissions


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A9 Planned – Acid gas venting when acid gas incinerator is offline

Venting of acid gas, containing 99.85% CO2 and 0.13% methane to atmosphere.

Occasional venting of CO2 and methane (both GHG) to atmosphere, amounting to approximately 33.27% of the total inventory.

Acid gas is normally burnt off in the acid gas incinerator and vented only when the incinerator is offline due to maintenance/ malfunction. Reliability of the acid gas incinerator has improved since operations commenced.

2

Minor

5

Frequent

10

Medium


A10 Planned – Equipment Maintenance Venting

Venting of nitrogen and residual hydrocarbons through the flare system or through local equipment vents

Venting of nitrogen and residual hydrocarbon gases (methane and VOCs) to atmosphere. Minor GHG emissions.

Prior to maintenance, all process fluids will either be drained or flared where possible to minimize venting of hydrocarbons to atmosphere (equipment maintenance procedures).

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low


A11 Unplanned – Accidental release of hydrocarbon gas from the process and/ or utilities areas

Release of hydrocarbons to atmosphere

Release of GHG (methane) and volatile organic hydrocarbons (ethane etc.) to atmosphere. Consumption of natural resources.

Inventory isolation (Emergency Shutdown Valves) and plant emergency depressurisation through the ground flare.

Gas and fire detection and emergency response systems.

Preventative maintenance and regular equipment inspections.

Process control system. Safety Instrumented System and Independent Safety Instrumented System.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A12 Unplanned – Accidental release of Refrigerants( propane and ethylene)

Release of hydrocarbon gases to atmosphere

Consumption of natural resources (hydrocarbons). Propane is not recognized as a primary GHG (but is known to participate, along with NOx, in the formation of troposphere ozone and other photochemical oxidants) and has no ozone depleting potential.

Ethylene is a naturally occurring gas with no known GHG or air pollutant.

Flammable gas, which if not ignited, will rapidly disperse in the atmosphere.

Process monitoring system and alarms. Safety Instrumented System. Emergency shutdown and inventory isolation/affected equipment isolation.

Gas and Fire Detection Systems.

Preventative maintenance/equipment inspections and corrosion testing. Material selection in design phase. Operator area inspections. Operator training and emergency response procedures.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low


A13 Planned – Storage of fuels (diesel and hydraulic/ lube oils)

Fugitive VOC emissions from diesel and hydraulic oil storage tanks

Minor emissions of volatile hydrocarbons (typically peaking during fuel loading operations, when the vapour space in the storage tanks is displaced by liquid).

Vents typically located on tank tops to facilitate dispersion of volatile emissions and provide segregation from potential ignition sources.

Flame arresters on vents provided for combustible fuel storage tanks (e.g. diesel).

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

A14 Planned – Collection of spills and contaminated washdown water in process/ utilities area sumps

Fugitive emissions from process and utilities area sumps (e.g. propane condenser sump, washdown pad sump, laboratory and maintenance workshop sumps etc.)

Negligible fugitive emissions from sumps, containing liquid hydrocarbon spills or hydrocarbon water mixtures.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist. Issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP.

Hydrocarbon spills inside bunds will be cleaned with spill adsorbent material first (if safe and practical to do so) in preference to washing them down to the CPI/ DAF unit for treatment

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low


A15 Planned – Production operations

Fugitive emissions from equipment including piping connectors, valves, pumps and flanges

Fugitive emissions from valves, flanges, pump seals, connectors and other items of equipment have been calculated to contribute 36 tonnes of VOC emissions to atmosphere each year from the DLNG plant.

Process monitoring system (pressure and temperature controls). Material selection in design phase and corrosion testing.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist. Issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low


A16 Unplanned – HVAC system loss of containment

Release of refrigerant from permanent buildings’ HVAC systems

Release of R134A to atmosphere. R134A has a high global warming potential (GWP), but is not an ozone depleting substance.

Use of a licensed contractor for the maintenance of the HVAC systems. No ozone depleting substances (ODS) are used on the plant.

1

Negligible

3

Rare

3

Low


Strategy C1 – Management of Chemicals and Hazardous Substances


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

Liquid Discharges (Wastewater, Process Contaminants, Liquid Hydrocarbons)

M1 Planned – Effluent, Stormwater and Sewage Treatment

Use of plant wastewater effluents for onsite irrigation

Low potential for soil and groundwater contamination with salts, heavy metals, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), traces of hydrocarbons and traces of process chemicals.

Water used for irrigation consists of treated process/utilities areas stormwater sewage treatment plant effluent, TAHS/boiler and demineraliser (RO) system blowdown water.

Negligible impact on mangrove community from irrigation water carry over (e.g. winds or runoff).

Annual nitrogen loadings from irrigation have been calculated to be below the nutrient requirement for the irrigated area (additional nutrient required to be applied). Water rates calculated to be sustainable and no runoff is expected to be produced.

Monthly sampling completed on treated effluent. Effluent water quality complies with all DLNG environment protection licence requirements.

Treatment of plant collected storm and wastewater into a CPI/ DAF hydrocarbon removal unit.

Three stages of sanitary effluent treatment in the site’s sewage treatment plant.

Dilution of CPI and sewage treatment plant effluents with reverse osmosis reject water (concentrated in salts fresh water) prior to discharge.

Use of treated effluent for onsite irrigation.

Effluent water quality monitoring program.

Groundwater table levels vary considerably – from ground level during the wet season to 10-15 m below ground level during the dry season.

Wastewater Performance Report 2010.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium


Strategy W1 – Management of Liquid Wastewater



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy


Discharge of RO reject water to Darwin Harbour during the dry season

During the dry season Demineraliser (RO) plant reject water in excess of that required for irrigation supply is discharged to the harbour. Demineraliser RO reject water is essentially potable water concentrated in mineral content, e.g. the RO reject water stream contains elevated concentrations of sulphate, nitrate and chloride anions and cations including iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium etc.

This discharge will result in a small change in physical water quality, experienced in the immediate vicinity of the jetty only. There will be some increase in the concentration of some ions, but these will be diluted to background concentrations within the immediate vicinity of the jetty and will not have a measurable impact in the dry season at Wickham Point or Channel Island.

During normal operations of the DLNG demineralised water plant, the RO reject water quality should be relatively stable and predictable. Water quality is monitored on a monthly basis. Compliance with DLNG environmental license.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low



Strategy E1 – Management of Fauna Interaction (Native and Feral)


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy


Discharge of excess plant effluent to Darwin Harbour during the wet season

All reject water from demineralisation (RO) plant is processed through Corrugated Plate Interceptor and Dissolved Air Flotation Treatment System discharged through the jetty outfall.

Tertiary Treated Sewage Effluent, Turbine Air Humidifier System Wastewater, Boiler Blowdown and HC impacted Process and Storm water processed through the Corrugated Plate Interceptor and Dissolved Air Flotation Treatment System and discharged to irrigation fields.

Stormwater is sediment ponds is tested for the presence of hydrocarbons, if present it is treated, if not it is discharged. Potential of metals and nutrients being discharged to the harbour or groundwater.

Water quality monitoring program and plant performance controls and monitoring.

Effluent is discharged from a pipe running along the jetty at a deep enough location to prevent exposure during low tides. The discharge point is below water surface (distance to water surface varying with the tide) approximately 15 m above seabed level. Strong tides and currents in the harbour facilitate the rapid dispersion of the plume, allowing good mixing with the receiving water body and dilution to background concentrations within the immediate vicinity of the jetty.

Treatment of plant collected storm and wastewater into a CPI/DAF hydrocarbon removal unit.

Three stages of sanitary effluent treatment in the site’s sewage treatment plant. Dilution of CPI and sewage treatment plant effluents with reverse osmosis reject water (concentrated in salts fresh water) prior to discharge.

Compliance with DLNG license

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy


Discharge of stormwater effluent from Sedimentation Ponds 1, 2 and 3 to harbour

Potential for sediment carry over from the DLNG site to harbour, resulting in increased sediment deposition in the mangrove communities surrounding the plant site. Potential impacts to mangrove fauna and tree stress if the deposited material accumulates in excess of natural sedimentation rates and/or to sufficient depths to bury the aerial root system.

Sedimentation ponds built in DLNG plant construction phase to control sediment carry over from stormwater run-off from the construction site to the harbour.

Sedimentation ponds designed to handle the worst case rainfall event. Sedimentation is via gravity separation with optional addition of chemicals (flocculants).

Water quality monitoring for suspended solids and pH weekly during discharge.

2

Minor

5

Frequent

10

Medium



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M5 Planned l – Production Operations

Discharge of stormwater via stormwater ditches to harbour

Negligible influx of fresh water to harbour, affecting the salinity of the immediate receiving water environment only. Potential for chemical and hydrocarbon contamination to be carried with stormwater to harbour. Modification to surface water drainage and sub-surface seepage conditions that maintain groundwater salinities required for mangroves to survive in the hinterland fringe mangrove zone. Potential changes include an increase in freshwater input to mangroves in some areas (more luxurious growth in some areas) and a decrease in other areas (potentially resulting in mangrove dieback).

Clean stormwater not passing through process areas is discharged via five stormwater outfalls to the harbour. Fresh water discharge into the harbour during the wet season is a natural process, occurring every year. The stormwater influx from the site is only a small fraction of the freshwater feeding the harbour in the wet season. Its environmental effect is expected to be negligible.

Clean stormwater drains will be kept clean of chemical and hydrocarbon spills and debris.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist - issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP. Sumps are maintained clean and any spills pumped out.

1

Negligible

4

Probable

4

Low




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M9 Planned – Discharge of stormwater from LNG loading spill containment sump or LNG loading line culvert sump to harbour

Discharge of potentially hydrocarbon contaminated stormwater to harbour

Discharge of negligible volumes of fresh water to harbour. Stormwater from LNG sumps could be contaminated with traces of hydrocarbons (if previous contamination of sumps has occurred). Potential contaminants will biodegrade quickly in the marine environment, not significantly affecting the water quality around the plant.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist - Issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP. Sumps are maintained clean and any spills pumped out.

2

Minor

3

Rare

6

Medium



Strategy E1 – Management of Fauna Interaction

M10 Unplanned – Overflow of process area spill containment sump

Overflow of process area spill containment sump to clean stormwater drains

Discharge of stormwater contaminated with traces of hydrocarbons and process chemicals to harbour. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons and chemicals in the marine environment.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist -issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP. Sumps are maintained clean and any spills pumped out.

2

Minor

3

Rare

6

Medium





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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M11 Unplanned – Diesel spill during diesel loading operations

Overflow of diesel to clean stormwater ditch if below ground sump valve left open

Contamination of clean stormwater ditch with diesel fuel (generation of hazardous liquid and solid waste). If spill occurs in the wet season, potential for diesel carry over to harbour via clean storm water ditch outlet.

Minor transient contamination with hydrocarbons. Diesel will eventually biodegrade in the marine environment.

Below ground sump valves are always in the closed position unless clean bund stormwater is drained to the clean stormwater ditches.


2

Minor

3

Rare

6

Medium




M12 Unplanned – Amine spill during loading operations

Overflow of amine to clean stormwater ditch if below ground sump valve left open

Contamination of clean stormwater ditch with amine (generation of hazardous liquid and solid waste). If spill occurs in the wet season, potential for amine carry over to harbour via clean storm water ditch outlet.

Direct effects include fish mortality (amine is toxic to marine life) or indirect effects of bioaccumulation in the ecosystem.

Below ground sump valves are always in the closed position unless clean bund stormwater is drained to the clean stormwater ditches.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist -issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP. Sumps are maintained clean and any spills pumped out.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium





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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M13 Unplanned – Process area hydrocarbon or chemical spill

Overflow of process area spill containment sump to clean stormwater drains

Discharge of potentially contaminated stormwater with traces of hydrocarbons and process chemicals to harbour. Ecotoxic effects on marine fauna (through ingestion of contaminated water). No noticeable impact on water quality or ecosystem health is expected.

Process control and safety instrumented system (SIS). Fire temperature and gas detection. Process areas to be kept clean at all times from spills and debris

Process area spill containment sump is designed to impound 12.7 mm of runoff (contaminated stormwater).

Oil skimmer fitted. Sump pump starts and stops automatically on high and low levels in the sump.


2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low



M14 Unplanned – Spill of LNG to LNG loading line save all.

Discharge/ overflow of LNG to harbour

Minor and temporary contamination with LNG and other hydrocarbons.

Process monitoring (Pressure, temperature and flow monitoring).

Operator attendance of loading operations at jetty.

Equipment inspections prior to loading operations.

Preventative maintenance.

Area Inspection Weekly Checklist - Issues identified as requiring further action are logged in SAP. Sumps are maintained clean and any spills pumped out.

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low

Strategy M1 – Management of Marine Operations



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M16 Unplanned – Total failure of a loading arm and the associated powered emergency release coupler (PERC) automatic shutoff system

Spill of LNG liquid during LNG loading onto LNG carrier

Between 117 – 167 m3 of LNG released from primary containment (based on loading rate of 7,000 – 10,000 m3/h and a one minute event duration based on incident detection and response time).

Minor and temporary contamination with hydrocarbons. LNG will evaporate within minutes upon contact with water (due to heat absorption from ambient air and water). There is an aggressive reaction due to the phase transfer.

This assumes that the failed loading arm section is positioned above water (typically the arm stretches across an open water gap of 3 m between the jetty’s edge and the ship’s edge).

Pre-loading inspections of the loading arms and the associated PERC automatic shutoff system (‘Routine Testing of Double Ball Valves and PERC’ and ‘LNG Storage and Loading Normal Operation’ Operating Procedures).

Operator attendance/ monitoring of loading operations. Remotely controlled ESD valves shutoff the LNG supply to the loading arms.

Automatic and manual means to shut down the LNG transfer pumps and stop the transfer of LNG to the LNG loading arms.

Loading operations to be shutdown in an emergency arising from the LNG carrier.

Statistical data on LNG ship grounding incidents, compiled by QUEST Consulting indicates that five LNG cargo transfer arms spill incidents have occurred in the period 1959 – 2000 resulting in loss of LNG cargo. In all five incidents there was no PERC automatic shut off system.

Water curtains on the tanker will expedite vaporisation of LNG.

ABU Spill Response Plan

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M17 Unplanned – Activation of PERC during ship loading operations (e.g. resulting from ship emergency or ship moving outside loading envelope)

Spill of LNG from loading arm to harbour

Up to 50 L per loading arm or 100 L in total for the two LNG loading arms.

LNG vapour release to atmosphere from return vapour arm.

Distance/angle limit switches on loading arms.

16 mooring lines on the carrier – 8 at each end of the ship. Each line has a tension sensor and alarms to Marine Terminal Building Control Room and the Tanker’s Control Room.

LNG carrier crew members on deck are dedicated to observing the loading operation.

An alarm is sounded when the ship moves from its berthing location, followed by an ESD if the ship continues to move outside the working envelope.

LED site boards are installed to communicate tanker positioning and movements.

Mooring and loading requirements are reiterated at the preload meeting.

Loading operations disallowed or suspended in non-permissive weather conditions (operating limits defined in the DLNG Marine Terminal Handbook).

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low





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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

M20 Unplanned - LNG loading arm hydraulic line failure

Spill of hydraulic fluid to harbour

Up to 20 litres of hydraulic oil discharged into the sea if the location of the failed section of hydraulic line is close to the edge of the jetty.

Minor and transient marine pollution with ecotoxic chemicals. Impact on individual marine species (including oiling and ingestion).

Small number of small diameter hydraulic lines.

Hydraulic lines to LNG loading arms routed above jetty to allow containment of spills.

An operator is expected to be in attendance at the area during loading operations and will trip the hydraulic fluid pumps in the event of a loss of containment. Remote control of the operations from the tanker and the DLNG CCR.

Emergency Response Plan, DLNG.

Use of vegetable oil for loading arm hydraulic fluid.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium



M21 Unplanned - Failure of hydraulic hose on the hydraulically operated gangway between the jetty and the LNG carrier

Spill of hydraulic fluid to harbour

Approximately 20 litres lost direct to sea as there is no containment provided for the hydraulic hoses on the gangway.

Minor and transient marine pollution with eco-toxic chemicals. Impact on individual marine species (including oiling and ingestion).

Flexible small diameter hose.

Regular inspection and planned maintenance of hydraulic system to prevent malfunction in operation and potential spills from primary containment.

An operator will be in attendance at the area during loading operations and will trip the hydraulic fluid pumps in the event of a loss of containment. Operator can stop loading operations immediately if a leak is identified.

Emergency Response Plan, DLNG

Vegetable oil is used for the hydraulic loading arm lubrication.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

Vegetation and Ecosystems

E1 Planned – Production Operations

Noise from process machinery (gas turbines, compressors, pumps, generators etc.) and flaring

Minor noise disturbance to native fauna outside the plant perimeter. Noise disturbance to marine life (dugongs) in the harbour area around the jetty.

Thermal/ acoustic insulation (lagging) provided for the noisiest of the compressor lines, including the propane and ethylene recirculation lines.

Water edge line is outside the 70 dbA noise contour around the plant. No mechanical equipment close to the plant boundaries including the water edge.

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low




Heat emissions from processing plant and flares

Thermal pollution impacts to fauna and vegetation from processing activities.

Waste heat recovery units installed on 4 of 6 gas turbines exhaust stacks.

The ground flare is enclosed with radiation shield. Use of marine flare is minimised through ship loading procedures.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium





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Element No



Event




Management Strategy


Light intrusion from processing plant and flares

Light intrusion from the plant to the adjacent mangrove and terrestrial vegetation habitats. Disturbance of marine and terrestrial fauna by light and noise/attraction of fauna to site perimeter.

Light is a safety requirement for night operations.

The process area flares are at ground level and fenced off with solid panels to prevent light spill to surrounding area.

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low




E6 Planned – Stormwater management and erosion control

Sediment deposition into adjacent mangrove areas

Sediment deposition from plant site via stormwater drains or from erosion of perimeter embankments may be deposited into adjacent mangrove areas.

Sedimentation ponds are maintained to allow water residence time for sediment removal by gravity prior to stormwater runoff to mangrove areas.

Operational areas are predominately hardstand or contain a vegetative cover to minimise sediment runoff.

Mangrove monitoring program.

2

Minor

3

Rare

6

Medium




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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

E7 Unplanned – Spills and releases of hydrocarbons and chemicals

Spill runoff into either terrestrial or marine environment

Toxic effects on flora and fauna from direct contact with hydrocarbons and other chemicals.

Bunding/ secondary containment for chemical and fuel storage in Dangerous Goods Facility and Waste Transfer Facility.

LNG loading spills sump on jetty and LNG loading line culvert (in proximity to LNG tank).

Process and utilities areas have secondary containment.

Chemical selection and approval process.

Mangrove Monitoring Program

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium



Strategy W1 – Liquid Wastewater

E8 Unplanned – Fires/ explosions

Propagation of fire to surrounding bushland

Destruction of potentially large area of terrestrial ecosystems on Wickham Point and associated significant vegetation and fauna.

Separation distances between plant and adjacent perimeter line, fire breaks on property boundary.

Fire fighting systems (automatic and manual). External fire fighting resources. Emergency response plans and provisions.

Process control and emergency shutdown and depressurization systems. Fire and gas detection system and alarms.

On-site fire management by DLNG Pty Ltd, with assistance from NT emergency response agencies, as required.

3

Moderate

2

Remote

6

Medium



E9 Unplanned l – Unauthorised access inside site perimeter

Disturbance of surrounding bushland inside site boundary

Unauthorised disturbance of vegetation inside site boundary, leading to ecosystem degradation and breach of facility operating approvals.

Instructions to site personnel and contractors.

DLNG Site Inductions

Plant security serves as a deterrent to people from the general public getting access for unauthorized activities in areas surrounding the plant.

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low


Strategy E3 – Management of Weeds and Plant Pathogens


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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

E10 Planned – Vehicle and equipment movements onto Wickham Point

Introduction of invasive weed species inside and outside plant areas

Introduction of invasive weeds and plant pathogens. Propagation of invasive introduced species resulting in a balance shift in the local ecosystem. Displacement of native flora and vegetation assemblages in surrounding areas of Wickham Point.

Regular monitoring of weeds in the DLNG plant site and lease area.

2

Minor

2

Remote

4

Low

Strategy E3 – Management of Weeds and Plant Pathogens

Waste Management

W1 Generation of non-hazardous waste

Inappropriate handling and disposal of non-hazardous waste

Contamination of environment with non-hazardous waste

Waste segregation including recycling facilities on site prior to offsite disposal.

Waste management contractor selection and auditing processes.

Chemicals selection and approval process.

ABU Waste Management Plan.

DLNG Waste Transfer Facility Inspection Procedure

Disposal of hazardous waste in accordance with regulatory requirements.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium

Strategy W2 – Hazardous and Non-hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge)



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

W2 Generation of hazardous waste

Inappropriate handling and disposal of hazardous waste

Contamination of atmosphere, soil and/or water resources.

Waste segregation on site prior to offsite disposal.

Waste management contractor selection and auditing processes.

Chemicals selection and approval process.

ABU Waste Management Plan

DLNG Waste Transfer Facility Inspection Procedure

Disposal of hazardous waste in accordance with regulatory requirements.

2

Minor

4

Probable

8

Medium

Strategy W2 – Hazardous and Non-hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge)


Socio-Economic and Cultural Heritage

S1 Planned – Marine activities

Restricted fishing access in the vicinity of the DLNG plant

Reduced access to local fishing resources in the vicinity of the DLNG marine terminal (restricted access and safety zones limiting access of vessels to the DLNG jetty).

500 m exclusion zone around the DLNG jetty during tanker loading operations and 100 m outside of tanker loading operations (localised area relative to area of Harbour that is accessible for fishing activities).

1

Minor

5

Frequent

5

Medium


S2 Planned – Production and Shipping Operations

Noise and visual amenity

Noise and visual impacts on Darwin (waterfront).

Plant activities only visible from Darwin waterfront.

Separation across harbour between Wickham Point LNG Facility and residential and urban entertainment areas.

Complaints monitoring.

1

Minor

5

Frequent

5

Medium



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Element No



Event




Management Strategy

S3 Unplanned – unauthorised disturbance outside facility boundary/ vandalism or fire

Disturbance to sites of Indigenous and European heritage values

Loss of cultural amenity and sites of historical significance for Aboriginal and/or Australian/European communities. Negative image for COP in the local and possibly national media.

Security fence. Security patrol at the plant’s fence line.

Clearing/disturbance outside the plant perimeter requires a number of permits prior to authorisation.

Sites of cultural significance noted on area drawings and inspected regularly.

3

Moderate

2

Remote

6

Medium

Strategy S1 – Management of Heritage Values (Indigenous and European)


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6 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

This section of the OEMP outlines strategies to manage potential environmental effects and risks associated with DLNG production operations, and to ensure compliance with regulatory requirements and COP policies and processes.

Environmental management strategies for DLNG Operations are categorised into the following groups: air emissions; discharges to the marine environment; flora and fauna; spills; waste generation; and disposal and social and economic impact. The links between hazardous operations, environmental effects and management strategies are presented in Table 9.

Table 9 Environmental Management Strategies

Environmental Aspect/Hazard Environmental Effect/Risk Applicable Operations Environmental Management Strategy

Atmospheric Emissions Flaring (Ground and marine flares)

Greenhouse gas emissions1 Air pollutant emissions2

A1 – Emissions

Stack emissions (turbines, generators, boilers, gas heaters and incinerators)

Greenhouse gas emissions Air pollutant emissions

A1 – Emissions

Venting (compressor vents, relief valves, cold box vents, drains, laboratory)


A1 – Emissions C1 – Chemicals and Hazardous Substances

Emergency venting (manually-operated vents, pressure safety valves)


A1 – Emissions

Fugitive emissions and accidental leaks


A1 – Emissions C1 – Chemicals and Hazardous Substances

HVAC refrigeration units Ozone depleting substances C1 – Chemicals and Hazardous Substances

Discharges to Marine Environment Accidental spills and unplanned releases to Darwin Harbour

Hydrocarbon discharges Ecotoxic chemical discharges Low biodegradable substance discharges Heavy metal discharges

C1 – Chemicals and Hazardous Substances W1 – Liquid Wastewater

Discharges containing nutrients and chemicals (treated wastewater, stormwater runoff)

Nutrient discharges Heavy metal discharges Ecotoxic chemical discharges


Marine vessel discharges containing exotic species

Introduction of non-indigenous species

M1 – Marine Operations

Hull fouling on LNG carriers Introduction of non-indigenous species

M1 – Marine Operations

1 The accepted definition of greenhouse gas (GHG) means carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen dioxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulphur hexafluoride. Only the former three GHGs are of relevance to the DLNG Plant as it does not emit hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons or sulphur hexafluoride. 2 The primary air pollutants of relevance to the DLNG Plant operations are oxides of nitrogen, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide and particulates.


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Environmental Aspect/Hazard Environmental Effect/Risk Applicable Operations Environmental Management Strategy

Vegetation and Ecosystem Disturbance Heat, light, noise and vibration from Plant operations

Disturbance to marine and terrestrial fauna

E1 – Flora and Fauna M1 – Marine Operations

Native fauna interaction associated with Plant site activities

Interaction with marine and terrestrial fauna

E1 – Flora and Fauna M1 – Marine Operations

Accidental spills and unplanned wastewater releases to land and Darwin Harbour

Nutrient discharges Ecotoxic chemical discharges Low biodegradable substance discharges Heavy metal discharges


Surface water runoff Water quality degradation Sedimentation Soil erosion

W1 – Liquid Wastewater E1 – Flora and Fauna

Transmission of weed seeds Introduction of invasive weeds Displacement of native flora and native fauna habitat

E3 - Weeds and Plant Pathogens

Plant site activities that attract feral animals

Introduction of feral animals Disturbance to native fauna habitat

E1 – Flora and Fauna

Plant site activities that impact on conservation values of significant vegetation in proximity to the DLNG Plant

Air pollutant emissions Direct disturbance to nearby mangrove ecosystems Indirect disturbance to local ecosystem

A1 – Emissions E1 – Flora and Fauna

Waste Generation and Disposal Generation of non-hazardous solid and sludge Wastes

Waste handling and disposal arrangements

W2 – Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge)

Generation of hazardous solid and sludge wastes

Waste handling and disposal arrangements

W2 – Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge)

Social and Socio-Economic Impacts Inefficient natural resource use Greenhouse gas emissions

Hot exhaust emissions Natural resource depletion

A1 – Emissions

Disruption to recreation boating, commercial fishing and port operations

Public access restrictions Public safety risks

S1 – Stakeholder Relations

Noise and light emissions from plant site activities (e.g. marine flare)

Noise impacts on site workforce and local community Visual impact


Socio-economic effects on local communities

Employment opportunities Supply chain demands


Plant site activities that impact on heritage values in proximity to LNG plant

Direct impact on sites of Indigenous or European heritage significance

S2 - Heritage Values (Indigenous and European)

The environmental management strategies are analogous to the performance standards referred to in Division 2.3 Clause 13 (4) of the Petroleum (Submerged Lands) (Management of Environment) Regulations 1999. Environmental objectives defined in the environmental management strategies are based on identified environmental hazardous events, associated environmental effects and assessed risks, corporate policies and performance commitments, and applicable legal requirements.


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Environmental objectives, targets and key performance indicators (KPI) are defined as follows.

• Objective – Specific performance objectives tailored to the operational context to meet legal requirements, corporate performance commitments and standards of operation.

• Target – A target level of performance expressed as a tangible, measurable objective, against which actual performance can be compared, including a goal expressed as a quantitative standard, value or rate.

• KPI – Measure of performance against a reference target.

The environmental management strategies are presented in Tables 10 through to Table 17.


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Table 10 Environmental Management Strategy- A1 Management of Emissions

A1 – Management of Emissions Applicable Site Activities/Events Flaring associated with:

• Normal process flaring from dry and wet ground flares – purge and pilot gas flaring

• Normal operation of marine flare– flare purge gas and flaring of LNG carrier cool-down vapours (routine and non-routine)

• Full or partial blowdowns (maintenance and upsets)

• Emergency shutdowns and start-up flaring

Venting and fugitive emissions from:

• Venting of acid gas when acid gas incinerator offline

• Venting from Nitrogen Rejection Unit (NRU) when methane gas content less than 5% in vent gas stream

• Bypassing PSVs

• BOG Compressor seals • Equipment maintenance venting • Venting of LNG vapour from LNG

carriers due to cargo tank over-pressurisation

• Venting during natural gas liquids (NGL) loading and offloading (if loaded to road tanker – rare)

• Accidental process and utilities areas gas releases

• Fugitive emissions from DLNG Plant processes.

Exhaust emissions from process and power plant equipment:

• Two on-site dual fuel (gas and diesel) power generation turbines

• Three gas turbine power generators

• Six refrigeration compressor gas turbines

• Start-up boiler • Acid gas incinerator • Three firewater pumps • Auxiliary air compressor

• Thermal oxidiser to combust NGL vapours during truck loading operations

• Diesel-fired black-start and emergency generators

• Temporary equipment use (e.g. for maintenance/shutdown)

Potential Environmental Effects • Emissions of greenhouse gases • Emissions of air pollutants. • Inefficient use of energy/ natural resources • Localised noise and heat emissions • Flaring light (marine flare) – visible off-site • Heat dissipation to atmosphere.

Corporate Commitments • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position) • Constantly improve the energy and material efficiency of our operations (Sustainable Development Position) • Set targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while maintaining safe operations and sound economics

(Climate Change Position) • ABU Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Compliance with EPL 54-05 air

emission trigger values. • Air and greenhouse emissions

less than trigger values listed in Appendix 1 of Attachment 1.

• Number of exceedances of air and greenhouse emissions volumes against trigger values.

• Maximise DLNG Plant GHG efficiency

• Annual GHG intensity target of 0.5 tonnes CO2E/tonne production.

• Number of annual GHG intensity (tonnes CO2E/tonne production) against annual target. Annual evaluation of GHG and emissions reduction opportunities


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A1 – Management of Emissions • Minimise/avoid use of gases

containing Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS).

• No release of ODS substances where substitute products / chemicals are available.

• Number of ODS releases.

Engineering (As-Built) Controls

• Plant design (flare tip efficiency) • Flare KO Drums (wet and dry ground flares) for liquids recovery • LNG carrier boil off vapour recovery system • Closed Circuit TV (CCTV) flare pilots monitoring • Flame sensors for monitoring safe operation of flare pilots • Low radiation/ visibility ground flare system • Plant design (valve specifications, flange minimisation) • LP Flare system for LP hydrocarbon emissions • Ship vapour recovery system during LNG carrier loading • Redirection of NRU vent stream to helium plant • Option to send high methane content NRU vent to flare • Water injection to process gas turbines to reduce NOx emissions • Installation of low NOx control technology (Low NOx burners) on power turbines • Waste Heat Recovery Units on four process gas turbines • Use of ultra-low sulphur diesel fuel • Use of fuel-efficient GE LM2500+ aero-derivative turbines • Only two out of the five power plant turbines are dual fuelled (process gas and diesel). Note diesel is to be used

as a back-up fuel only. • Dedicated compressed gases storage area. • Only R134A and R410A is used on-site – in the Building HVAC steams.

Operations Procedural Controls

• DLNG Plant Asset Integrity Management System • Dry and wet flare system start-up and operating procedure - Process Operating Guideline (POG) section 19 • Marine flare start-up and operating procedure POG section - 19 • DLNG Marine Terminal Handbook (restrictions on venting from cargo tanks within Port of Darwin and minimise

night-time flaring during LNG offloading) • OSPG operating procedures • Propane Refrigeration (Unit 14), Ethylene Refrigeration (Unit 15) and Liquefaction and Methane Compressor/

Nitrogen Rejection Unit (Unit 16) start-up/ commissioning procedures – POG section 14, 15 & 16 • Compressor gas turbines operating procedures • Acid gas incinerator operating procedures - POG section12 • NGL truck loading vapour incinerator operating procedures - POG section 21 • Incident reporting and investigation procedure – ALL/HSE/PRO003

Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements

• Flaring, venting and fuel usage volumes resulting from routine and non-routine processes to be recorded via the Operations Approval (OA) & Production Reporting system.

• Quarterly stack emissions testing for emissions to inform monthly and annual emissions calculations • Annual emissions reporting to be reported as part of the Annual Audit and Compliance Report to the NT EPA and

annual Monitoring Report – due for submission by 12 June following reporting period (1 January to 31 December). • Annual reporting of greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions to be reported as part of the NGERS report – due for

submission by 31st October following reporting period (1 July to 30 June). • Annual reporting of National Pollutant Inventory listed substances. Include as part of the DLNG Plant annual NPI

report – due for submission by 31st March following reporting period (1 January to 31 December).


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A1 – Management of Emissions • Environment Protection Licence EPL 54 issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act:

o Air and greenhouse gas emissions from pre-selected process sections at the DLNG Plant are to be sampled and assessed against trigger values, associated trigger values are identified in Appendix 1 of Attachment 1. Air and greenhouse gas emissions will be reported in the annual Monitoring Report.

• EDP02/0015 Conditions 31, 32, 35 and 36 o Commitments to develop a greenhouse gas management plan o Annual GHG inventory o Restricted area surrounding flare site, 340 m radius and 490 m in height o Provide Darwin International Airport air traffic control with planned flaring activity a minimum 1

hour prior to commencement o The Licensee must keep records of all non-compliances with this Licence. o Commitments to develop a greenhouse gas management plan, annual GHG inventory

• PER commitment o Improvements in energy efficiency will be sought throughout the operational life of the project (e.g.

LNG carrier vapour recovery to minimise use of marine flare) o Improvements in energy efficiency will be sought throughout the operational life of the project. o Stack emissions will meet ambient air quality guidelines, verified through periodic emissions

testing. Depending on the results, a NOx monitoring programme will be established. • NTG Assessment Report

o The EMP will contain a specific section on strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including provision for audits, a process of regular review of new technologies, benchmarking against other LNG facilities (to achieve international best practice), and commitment to offset GHG emissions.

o DLNG Pty Ltd shall continually assess higher efficiency turbines as part of the design of the facility. DLNG Pty Ltd shall also include, as part of the Construction and Operational Environmental Management Plans details on the process and timeframe by which the selection of higher efficiency turbines will be considered and potentially incorporated into the project. If incorporated, the proponent shall report on the impact of high efficiency turbines on reducing or offsetting the greenhouse gas emissions.

o The OEMP shall include a section on periodic emission testing programs to quantify the major emission sources. Dependent on the results of this verification process, the proponent will establish a monitoring system for oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from key emission sources at the facility and shall verify that standards contained in the National Environment Protection Measure for Ambient Air Quality are not exceeded


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Table 11 Environmental Management Strategy- C1 Management of Chemicals and Hazardous Substances

C1 – Management of Chemicals and Hazardous Substances Applicable Site Activities/Events Products including chemicals, lubricants, fuels, paints, solvents and compressed gases used during operational activities will be managed to minimise the environmental impact associated with their transport, handling, storage, use and disposal:

• Maintenance-related products (e.g. lube oils, paints, solvents, degreasers, compressed gases, etc.)

• Process-related chemicals (e.g. propane, ethylene, methane, resins, oxygen scavenger, mercury-removal absorbents, amine, etc.)

• Utilities-related products (e.g. fuel gas, diesel, potable water treatment chemicals, hypochlorite, corrosion and scale inhibitor and biocides, refrigerants, etc.)

• LNG Plant products (LNG and NGL)

• Domestic cleaning chemicals. • Safety-related chemicals (e.g. dry

powder, AFFF, carbon dioxide, etc.)

• Laboratory reagents (e.g. solvents, bases and acids, etc.)

Potential Environmental Effects • Ecotoxic effects on marine environment if ecotoxic chemicals are released to the harbour via unplanned or

planned marine discharges. • Ecotoxic effect on land based ecosystems and plant and animal communities on site perimeter due to unplanned

site spills or releases. • Soil and groundwater contamination from unplanned releases of chemicals and hydrocarbons. • Releases of greenhouse gases to atmosphere (CO2, some refrigerants, etc.)

Corporate Commitments • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position) • Integrate our climate change policies into strategic planning, decision making, and operations processes (Climate

Change Position) • Demonstrate viable and active leadership that engages employees and service providers and manage HSE

performance as a line responsibility with clear authorities and accountabilities (HSE Policy)

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Minimise the potential for

environmental impact through management of chemicals usage and disposal.

• Zero significant offsite releases of chemicals to the environment.

• Number of significant releases to environment.

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Appropriate chemical and hazardous substance segregation and storage on-site. • Dedicated storage vessels and transfer hoses for main production and utilities chemicals. • Bunding and/or save-alls (or similar) provided in areas of spill risk or high potential impact. • Drains system designed to contain and recover hydrocarbons and process chemicals.

Operations Procedural Controls • ABU Purchase and Control of Chemicals and Hazardous Substances procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/044 • Approved DLNG Chemicals and Hazardous Substances Register, DLNG/HSE/REG/001 • Emergency Response Plan - Darwin LNG, ALL/HSE/ER/002 • ABU Oil Spill Contingency Plan, ALL/HSE/ER/004 • Job Hazard Analysis procedure, DLNG/HSE/PRO/041 • Integrated Safe System of Work (ISSoW)1 • Compressed Gas Cylinders Handling of procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/026


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C1 – Management of Chemicals and Hazardous Substances Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Approved chemicals and hazardous substances recorded on DLNG Approved Chemicals and Hazardous

Substances Register, DLNG/HSE/REG/001

• Consumption of chemicals to be tracked via DLNG inventory stock control records


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Table 12 Environmental Management Strategy - M1 Management of LNG Loading Operations

M1 –Management of Marine Operations Applicable Site Activities/Events Planned activities during following marine operations: • LNG loading operation • LNG carrier cool down operations • LNG carrier embarkation /

disembarkation from jetty

Unplanned marine discharges (spills) including incidents during: • Product transfer operations • LNG loading line failure

• Tank rupture during embarkation, disembarkation or loading at DLNG e.g. from ship collision (e.g. LNG carrier/ tug’s wing fuel oil tanks or hydraulic oil tanks)

• LNG loading arm hydraulic line failure (spill of hydraulic fluid)

Potential Environmental Effects • Increased marine environmental loading with hydrocarbons, chemicals, heavy metals and nutrients from LNG

loading line failures. • Ecotoxic effects on marine biota and potential for bioaccumulation in the ecosystem.

Corporate Commitments • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position)

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Minimise contamination of marine

sediments surrounding the LNG carrier loading facility arising from DLNG activities.

• No unplanned / unauthorised marine discharges from marine operations.

• Number of unplanned / unauthorised marine discharges with reference to cause and subsequent management measures put in place to prevent reoccurrence.

• Hydrocarbon, TBT and heavy metal concentrations in sediments surrounding the LNG carrier loading facility with reference to ANZECC & ARMCANZ trigger levels.

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Double-hulled LNG carrier vessel design • LNG carrier survey requirements (e.g. confirmation of operational oily water systems, grey water treatment, etc.) • Powered emergency release coupler (PERC) automatic shutoff system used for the cargo transfers. • Secondary containment for chemicals and hydrocarbon liquids stored on marine vessels • Secondary containment for chemicals and hydrocarbon liquids stored on DLNG site. • Spill clean-up kits on marine vessels suitable for cleaning up small on-board spills • Spill clean-up kits on DLNG site suitable for cleaning up small spills to ground. • Vegetable oil used for hydraulic fluid in loading arms.

Operations Procedural Controls • Chemical Management Procedure ALL/HSE/PRO/004 • Spill Response Plan, Doc. No. ALL/HSE/ER/004 • DLNG Marine Terminal Handbook


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M1 –Management of Marine Operations Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Spills and releases to be reported as part of the DLNG Plant Annual Audit and Compliance Report to the NT EPA

Annual Monitoring Report – due for submission one month prior to the licence anniversary(15 June), for the reporting period (1 January to 31 December).

• Environment Protection Licence 54-05 issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act Conditions: o The Licence must as soon as practicable and in any case within 24 hours notify NT EPA of non-

compliances with this Licence by emailing [email protected] o The Licence must immediately and in any case within 24 hours notify NT EPA of any potential or

actual environmental harm or pollution by contacting the Pollution Hotline on telephone number 1800 064 567 and emailing [email protected]

o The Licence must comply with the requirements of Section 14 of the Waste Management and Pollution Control Act.

o The Licence must comply with the requirements of section 14 of the Waste Management and Pollution Control Act.

• EDP02/0015 Condition 8 o Requirement for an Emergency Management Plan /Emergency Response Manuals; Site

Emergency Plan (supported by Emergency Response Manuals); Oil Spill Contingency Plans; LNG Accident Response Plan; and Mangrove Monitoring Plan relating to Activities.

• NTG Assessment Report o To minimise the risk of grounding or collision, shipping movements will be coordinated through the

Darwin Port Corporation (DPC), including escort by tugs to and from the loading jetty and with the RAN. A 500 m “moving exclusion zone” around each ship is proposed. The navigational risk associated with shoals of Charles Point Patches will be addressed by continued liaison between the proponent and the DPC.

o The proponent will liaise with DOR (AQIS) regarding the exotic marine pests monitoring program and mitigation of potential impacts from vessels servicing the facility

mailto:[email protected]



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Table 13 Environmental Management Strategy - W1 Management of Liquid Wastewater

W1 – Management of Liquid Wastewater Applicable Site Activities/Events Planned wastewater discharges include:

• Clean stormwater runoff to multiple outfalls via ditches

• Demineralisation plant (RO) reject water used for on-site irrigation or discharged to harbour outlet

• Process wastewater and sewage plant effluent, treated and discharged to harbour outlet

• Process wastewater and sewage plant effluent, treated and used for on-site irrigation

• Treated process and utilities areas contaminated stormwater to multiple outfalls via ditches

• Sediment ponds discharge

Potential sources of unplanned discharges from primary and secondary containment include:

• Product transfer overflow/ overfilling incidents

• Oily water separation system failure

• Flowline failures • Storage vessel failures during

embarkation, disembarkation and loading

• Containment bund failures

• Sump containment failures • Pump failures • Dropped objects resulting in

rupture or leakage

Potential Environmental Effects • Increased harbour environmental loading with hydrocarbons, chemicals, heavy metals and nutrients from

unplanned discharges. • Ecotoxic effects on marine biota and potential for bioaccumulation in the ecosystem. • Potential contamination of soil and ground water with trace concentrations of hydrocarbons, potentially heavy

metals and other contaminants associated with use of process chemicals.

Corporate Commitments • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position)

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Compliance with EPL wastewater

discharge trigger values. • Water quality discharge less than

trigger values (Condition 16 of Attachment 1).

• Number of wastewater discharges exceeding surface water discharge trigger values.

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Oily water separation equipment on-site with a built-in oil-in-water monitoring equipment and diversion of non-

compliant effluent to a holding tank. • Bunding provided in areas of high spill risk or high potential impact. • Dry break hoses to be used for liquid wastewater transfer operations (road tanker off takes). • Verification of volumes of bulk fluids transferred between vessels and facilities. • Process Area Spill Containment Sump • LNG Loading Spill Containment Sump

Operations Procedural Controls • Sewage Treatment Plant operating procedure - POG section 29 • Process wastewater (CPI/ DAF) plant operating procedure • Demineralisation Plant operating procedure - POG section 36 • Environmental monitoring procedure • Workplace Housekeeping, DLNG/HSE/PRO/061 • ABU Waste Management Plan, ALL/HSE/PLN/004 • Auditing & Inspection Procedure ALL/HSE/PRO/081 • Emergency Response Plan – Darwin LNG ALL/HSE/ER/002


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W1 – Management of Liquid Wastewater Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Estimate and record volumes of liquid discharges (including process water, sewage effluent, treated wastewater)

via Operations Approval (OA). • All releases from are to be reported in accordance with the Incident Reporting and Investigation Procedure,

ALL/HSE/PRO/003. • Water quality testing of drainage line and sump discharges prior to release to stormwater drainage. • Periodic monitoring of intertidal vegetation condition (mangrove communities), selected metals and TPH

concentrations in harbour sediments and intertidal biota adjacent to DLNG Plant. • Annual reporting of wastewater discharge monitoring to be reported as part of the DLNG Plant, Annual Audit and

Compliance Report to NT EPA and Annual Monitoring Report – due for submission by 15 June following reporting period (1 January to 31 December).

• Environment Protection Licence 54-05 issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act: o Wastewater will be discharged through authorised discharge points (identified in Table 1 of

Attachment 1); trigger values for wastewater discharge monitoring are listed in Table 2 of Attachment 1.

o The Licensee must investigate and identify the source of contaminants found in the Jetty Outfall discharge, including but not limited to the source of:

nutrients; and Total Petrol Hydrocarbons.

o The Licensee must, where practicable: mitigate the source of contaminants; and reduce the concentration of contaminants.

in the Jetty Outfall discharge with the aim of meeting the water quality objectives declared for the Darwin Harbour Region.

o The licensee must submit a groundwater monitoring plan to the regulatory authority o Listed waste records must be maintained in accordance with section 11 of the Waste

Management and Pollution Control (Administration) Regulations. o Groundwater Monitoring Plan to be submitted to NT EPA by 14 June 2013, the plan must:

Be approved by the administering agency noting that the administering agency may require the Licence to revise, amend and/or resubmit the proposed program; and

Be implemented within 10 Business Days of receiving written approval of the monitoring plan from NT EPA.

o Surface Water Monitoring Plan to be submitted to NT EPA by 14 June 2013, the plan must: Where water quality objectives for Darwin Harbour (Table 2) cannot be met for the Jetty

Outfall discharge: • Sufficient water quality data be available to determine the nature and extent of

the discharge in the marine environment; and • Including a plan for developing site specific trigger values.

Be approved by the administering agency noting that administering agency may require the Licencee to revise, amend and/or resubmit the proposed program; and

Be implemented within 10 Business Days of receiving written approval of the monitoring plan from NT EPA.

• EDP 02/0015: o The permit holder shall conduct a detailed assessment of areas proposed for treatment and

disposal of wastewater using the Department of Health and Community Services report template and evaluate site constraints to choose the most suitable system. The report shall be submitted to the Department of Health and Community Services for the site specific type approval. Addressed in Metito Project Ref: No: 103008, Darwin LNG Project-24879-110, Sanitary Treatment Plant (1X-2901), DLNG Sewage Treatment & Effluent Reuse Strategy, 12 September 2005.

o The permit holder shall obtain approval from the Environmental Health Darwin Urban sections of


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W1 – Management of Liquid Wastewater the Department of Health and Community Services prior to the installation of any large non-standard aerated wastewater treatment system (AWTS). Treatment and disposal (by irrigation) of wastewater will need to comply with the Guidelines for Sewerage Systems – use of Reclaimed Water (ANZECC/ARMCANZ 2000) and site specific type. Addressed in Site specific design approval from DCHS for alternative septic tank system at Sections 1860, 1861, 1870, 1871, 1872 and 1873 Hundred of Ayers (DHCS Reference: NA2005_030 issued 20 September 2005).

• NTG Assessment Report o Low volumes of treated sewage will be pumped to a sewage treatment plant and treated effluent

will be routed to an irrigation system after dechlorination. Holding tanks for treated effluent will allow testing to ensure the water quality is suitable for irrigation.

• PER commitment o Commitment to avoid the creation of new breeding areas for biting insects and remove identified

breeding sites (i.e. new sites). o Sewage will undergo treatment before re-use for on-site irrigation. Trace elements in wastewater

will be monitored. o All potentially contaminated stormwater leaving the process areas of the plant site will be routed

through a CPI separator to ensure removal of any oil.


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Table 14 Environmental Management Strategy- W2 Management of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge)

W2 – Management of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge) Applicable Site Activities/Events Hazardous waste generated by:

• Plant area • Mercury removal unit • Oily sludge/float

• Pigging waste (scale/sludge) • Medical waste from First Aid

Centre

• CPI separator • Waste lubricating oils • Spent oils and solvents

Non-hazardous waste generated by:

• Demineralisation unit • Sewage treatment plant • Cellulose • Biological sludge

• Inorganic sludge • Clean paper, plastics and glass

from administration offices and workshops

• Ceramic balls from dehydration unit

• Molecular sieve waste from dehydration unit

Potential Environmental Effects • Long term liabilities associated with disposal method (e.g. soil and water contamination at onshore disposal site) • Inefficient waste reuse and recycling due to inappropriate waste segregation • Marine pollution from inappropriate handling and disposal

Corporate Commitments • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position).

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Maximise waste recycling and

reuse. • Zero occurrences of inappropriate

waste segregation reported by operations and waste contractor

• Recycling target of 40% of total waste volumes.

• 100% of recyclable waste recycled.

• Number of non-conformance incidents.

• Assessment against annual recycling targets.

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Provision of general and recycling waste bins at DLNG Plant. • Hazardous Waste Transfer Facility

Operations Procedural Controls • ABU Waste Management Plan, ALL/HSE/PLN/004 • DLNG Waste Management Procedure (under development) • Hazardous Waste Transfer Facility Management Maintenance Procedure (N8-10000033628) • Waste Management Contract with licensed Waste Management Contractor


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W2 – Management of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste (Solid and Sludge) Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Nature, quantity, source and disposal of wastes to be reported as part of the DLNG Plant Annual Audit and

Compliance Report to NT EPA Annual Monitoring Report – due for submission by 12 June following reporting period (1 January to 31 December).

• Waste manifest and tracking system for all wastes – requirements specified in ABU Waste Management Plan, ALL/HSE/PLN/004

• Report waste handling incidents via the Incident Reporting and Investigation Procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/003.

• Environment Protection Licence 54-05 issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act Conditions: o The Licence must cause all listed wastes to be transported by a licensed person.

• EDP 02/0015 Condition 41 o Permit holder to develop an Operational Waste Management Plan and a Waste Discharge

Licence with analysis of discharge water, and hydrotest formulation, monitoring of receiving waters and notification of aquaculturalists of imminent credible risk of toxicity

• NTG Assessment Report o The proponent will actively pursue waste minimisation and recycling opportunities to reduce solid

and semi-liquid waste streams where possible. An Operational Waste Management Plan, prepared as part of the EMP, will further detail the proponent’s approach to managing these wastes.

o Non-hazardous wastes (e.g. ceramic balls, biological sludge and domestic garbage) will be disposed of by waste management contractors and will meet requirements of OEH.

o When final equipment selection is done (during the design phase), any apparatus that is likely to contain radiation sources and/or irradiating equipment will be identified, and operation of this equipment will comply with provisions of the NT Radiation (Safety Control) Act.

o Wastes not suitable for disposal at the Shoal Bay Waste Disposal Site (e.g. waste oils, biological sludge and spent solvents) will be disposed of by commercial waste management contractors. The proponent will review waste-tracking documentation to ensure these wastes are disposed in a manner approved by OEH.

• Controlled Waste NEPM


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Table 15 Environmental Management Strategy - E1 Management of Flora and Fauna

E1 – Management of Flora and Fauna Applicable Site Activities/Events Feral animals may be introduced via the following operational activities: • Vehicle and equipment

movements onto site • Main access road providing all tide

access for feral animals to move into Wickham Point from mainland

Planned activities during operations:

• Installations of stormwater management and erosion control

• Vehicle movements (dust generation)

• Product transfer & loading • Workforce induction • Additional construction or

expansion of existing infrastructure close to mangrove areas

• Treated wastewater disposal • Flaring (source of heat and light) • Maintenance of infrastructure

located within intertidal zone (pipeline shore crossing, ramp, jetty)

Operational activities that may result in introduction or spread of weeds and/or plant pathogens:

• Vehicle and equipment movements onto Wickham Point

• Vehicle and equipment movements from Wickham Point to off-site destinations

• Import of foreign rock or soil material (if required)

Operational activities that may result in interaction with wildlife:

• Plant lighting and light from flare operations

• Noise and vibration from loading facilities and marine vessels

• Land-based traffic to and from site (staff and contractor vehicles)

• Operational noise from the DLNG Plant operations

• Collection of stormwater in sedimentation ponds

• Solid waste management • Sump coverings

Unplanned activities:

• Potential spills/discharges from a range of plant process and product loading activities into either terrestrial or marine environments

• Disturbance outside the approved facility boundary

• Fire/explosions

• Chemical and hydrocarbon spills to land or water body

• Cyclone or severe storm events

Potential Environmental Effects • Mortality of wildlife due to physical impact. • Attraction of wildlife to sites within the plant site (e.g. fruit bats to water collection areas or bandicoots or possums

to rubbish areas) • Introduction of feral animals into surrounding ecosystems • Habitat disturbance for native terrestrial fauna/flora • Increased competition for resources • Translocation of diseases by feral animals • Sediment transported from the plant site by stormwater drains or from erosion of perimeter embankments may be

deposited into adjacent mangrove areas. This has the potential to cause impacts to mangrove fauna and tree stress if the depositing material accumulates in excess of natural sedimentation rates and to sufficient depths to bury the aerial root system.

• Modification to surface water drainage and sub-surface seepage conditions that maintain suitable groundwater salinities required for mangroves to survive in the hinterland fringe mangrove zone. Potential changes include both an increase in freshwater input to mangroves in some areas (resulting in more luxuriant growth in localised areas) and a decrease in other areas (potentially resulting in mangrove dieback).

• Heat stress from flaring activities. • Toxic effects from direct contact with hydrocarbons and other chemicals. Toxic effects can also indirectly affect


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E1 – Management of Flora and Fauna vegetation through depletion or loss of the associated ecosystem functionality. Ecotoxic effects on intertidal biota and potential bioaccumulation in the ecosystem.

• Shoreline erosion or sedimentation associated with the presence of jetty infrastructure within the intertidal/marine environment

• Disturbance to significant vegetation by unauthorised access or activities into undisturbed habitats (e.g. dry rainforest, mangroves) adjacent to the plant.

• Introduction of invasive weeds and plant pathogens • Displacement of native flora and vegetation assemblages in surrounding areas of Wickham Point


Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Disturbance to wildlife to be

minimised • Zero harmful incidents involving

wildlife • Number of harmful incidents

involving wildlife

• Minimise disturbance to the mangrove ecosystem adjacent to the DLNG Plant

• No impacts to mangroves outside the approved disturbance boundary

• Number of samples of mangrove sediments and biota.above relevant guidelines for hydrocarbon and heavy metal concentrations

• Prevent the introduction and spread of weeds and plant pathogens to DLNG Plant site and lease area

• Zero weeds or plant pathogens present on the DLNG Plant site or lease area

• Number of weeds or plant pathogens identified on the DLNG Plant site or lease area

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Perimeter security fencing. • Sump coverings. • Perimeter security fencing. • Low radiation ground flare system. • Bunding / secondary containment for chemical and fuel storage. • Grounding of equipment for lightning strikes to prevent fire propagation. • Vehicle wash-down facility

Operations Procedural Controls • DLNG Waste Management Procedure • DLNG weed survey and vegetation control program. • Housekeeping procedures • DLNG HSE induction - encourage reporting of native and feral animal sightings • DLNG HSE induction presentation (i.e. education of workforce in regard to sensitive habitats adjacent to the

DLNG Plant) • On-site irrigation system operating procedures • DLNG Marine Terminal Handbook

Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Report wildlife harm incidents in accordance with Incident Reporting and Investigation Procedure,

ALL/HSE/PRO/003 • Periodic monitoring of weeds incursion on DLNG Plant site – see Section 6. Methodology defined in

Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/066 • Native vegetation condition monitoring in vicinity of key DLNG Plant air emission and discharge sources using

rapid assessment surveillance technique - see Section 6. Methodology defined in Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/066.

• On an as-required basis, relocate threatened fauna to more suitable habitat following advice from NT Parks and


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E1 – Management of Flora and Fauna Wildlife.

• Maintain a register of listed weeds, including surveyed northing and easting position coordinates of known infestations and status of treatment.

• Periodic monitoring of mangrove communities adjacent to DLNG marine terminal facility, as part of the Darwin Harbour Advisory Committee Darwin Harbour monitoring program. Monitoring requirements defined in Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure, ALL/HSE/PRO/066.

• Environment Protection Licence 54 issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act o Mangrove surveillance and chemical monitoring in accordance with Appendix 4 of Attachment 1.

• EDP02/0015 Condition 28 o Requirement for a Mangrove Monitoring Program. o Requirement for a Weed Monitoring Program.

• NTG Assessment Report o The proponent will continue to liaise with NT EPA to identify an acceptable dry rainforest

mitigation strategy, including identification of an appropriate area (size and location). o Fauna habitat surrounding the plant site will be protected by fencing, with access restricted. o All activities will fully comply with requirements of the Weeds Management Act (NT).

• PER Environmental Management Commitment to prevent the introduction of weeds and plant pathogens.


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Table 16 Environmental Management Strategy-S1 Stakeholder Relations

S1 – Management of Stakeholder Relations Applicable Site Activities/Events Onshore social and economic impacts will include:

• Employment and training of Northern Territory personnel

• Restricted fishing access in the vicinity of the DLNG Plant

• Operational marine discharges which may impact on commercial fish species

• Water and fuel consumption

• Unauthorised vessel intrusions. • Noise and visual amenity • Potential water quality impacts

affecting nearby aquaculture facilities.

Potential Environmental Effects • Economic and social impacts on the people of NT. • Potential reductions in access to local fishing resources in the vicinity of the DLNG Marine Terminal. • Restricted and safety zones limiting access of vessels in the vicinity of the DLNG Marine Terminal. • Inefficient use of energy/natural resources.

Corporate Commitments • Positively impact communities wherever we operate (Sustainable Development Position) • Minimise the environmental impact of our operations (Sustainable Development Position) • Invest in the well-being and development of our employees (Sustainable Development Position) • Practice and uphold the highest ethical standard (Sustainable Development Position)

Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Employment of local workforce by

DLNG Plant • Endeavour to employ 50% of

employees (including contractors) locally.

• Number of personnel employed from local workforce

• Skills and experience enhancement of NT personnel employed by DLNG Plant

• Attain levels of competency defined within the Competency Assessment System

• Number of personnel without appropriate competency levels

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Navigation Aids installed on Wickham Point and LNG loading jetty (signage, beacons, lights) • Marine radio channels and other communication systems. • Clear and legible signage on display at DLNG Plant site which indicates:

o Environment Protection Licence number issued under the Waste Management and Pollution Control Act; and

o 24 hour emergency contact details as provided on page one of this License.

Operations Procedural Controls • DLNG Marine Terminal Handbook • Maintenance of restricted and safety zones around the facility – Onshore Facility Access Control & Vehicle Safety

ALL/HSE/PRO/023 • Emergency Response Plan – Darwin LNG ALL/HSE/ER/002 • Darwin LNG Operations Training, Assessment and Competency Assurance


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S1 – Management of Stakeholder Relations Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • Learning Management System training records maintained by the CPA Human Resources Department. • Darwin LNG Operation Training, Assessment and Competency Assurance. • Environment Protection Licence issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act

o Maintain a log of each complaint, made in relation to the activity, to any persons involved in the activity. The log must include, date of complaint, contact details of complainant, nature of complaint, prevailing weather conditions at time of complaint and action taken in relation to complaint (including any follow up contact with complainant.

o Copy of the current ELP 54 to be maintained onsite. • NTG Assessment Report

o The proponent’s Corporate Relations Management Plan will establish the following: a Corporate Relations Manager and Department; a Public and Community Relations Program; a Larrakia Liaison Committee; a CASA/Air Service Australia Liaison Link; and an internet web site.

o Recreational fishing off the northern tip of Wickham Point will not be affected by the LNG plant: the only restrictions will be adjacent to the loading jetty and construction dock, both of which are well away from the area of greatest fishing interest. There will be no restriction of access to landing in the region of the old leprosarium.

o Noise levels on site will be monitored and, in the event of complaints, actions to rectify will be undertaken if possible.

• NTG Assessment Report / EDP02/0015 o Design measures will be implemented where practical to minimise the potential visual impact of

the development. • EDP02/0015 General Condition

o Requirement to establish a Heritage Issues Committee • Summary of complaints received to be reported to NT EPA as part of the DLNG Plant Annual Audit Compliance

Report in accordance with DLNG Environment Protection Licence requirements– due for submission a minimum of 20 business days prior to the anniversary of the commencement date of the licence (reporting period 1 January to 31 December).


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Table 17 Environmental Management Strategy-S2 Management of Heritage Values (Indigenous and European)

S2 – Management of Heritage Values (Indigenous and European) Applicable Site Activities/Events Environmental impact on Indigenous and European heritage values of Wickham Point to be minimised from:

• Disturbance outside approved facility boundary

• Unauthorised clearing or access to protected areas

• Vandalism • Fire

Potential Environmental Effects • Physical damage to sites of Indigenous heritage significance (middens). • Physical damage to remnant WWII artefacts.


Performance Objectives Targets Key Performance Indicators • Maintain protection of undisturbed

archaeological and heritage sites • No physical disturbance to sites of

archaeological or ethnographic significance

• Number of sites disturbed

• Maintain open dialogue with traditional land owners and relevant authorities

• Adhere to established meeting schedule of Larrakia Liaison Committee

• Number of meetings / consultations through Larrakia Liaison committee for the reporting period

• Maintain the Archaeological Sites Register for Wickham Point

• Up to date records of the condition of all archaeological sites

• Number of sites with out of date records

Engineering (As-Built) Controls • Fencing and protection of known significant middens. • Authorised removal of major WWII artefacts. • Development of a pictorial interpretive display located on the Darwin Esplanade

Operations Procedural Controls • Wickham Point Archaeological Sites Register

Environmental Performance Monitoring, Reporting Requirements and Applicable Regulatory Requirements • EDP 02/0015 General Condition

o Requirement for an Archaeological Sites Register for Wickham Point and establish a Heritage Issues Committee

• PER commitment o Proponent will establish a liaison committee, which will include indigenous interests, to assist in

the management and protection of any archaeological sites which may be discovered on Wickham Point.

o An archaeological sites register will be established in consultation with DLP Heritage Conservation Services and will be updated if any new artefacts or historic sites are discovered.

• Reporting of heritage-related incidents in DLNG Plant Annual Environmental Performance Report to NT EPA.


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6.1 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY

6.1.1 Roles and Responsibilities

Implementation of the DLNG OEMP is the shared responsibility of ConocoPhillips employees and contractors directly or indirectly involved with DLNG operations. HSE roles and responsibilities are defined for personnel in either their position descriptions or in contractual terms and conditions.

The content of operations team position descriptions include, as applicable, items such as primary responsibilities, accountabilities, qualifications, competency, skills and experience requirements for the position.

Specific environmental performance objectives and standards are documented in the OEMP.

While most departments and groups within the ConocoPhillips Australasia Business Unit play a role in the implementation of the ABU HSEMS, the groups with the major share of direct involvement are the HSE department and the Operations team.

6.1.2 Awareness Training and Competency

Personnel engaged to work on the DLNG Plant, whether as staff or contractors, are required to attend a HSE induction and satisfactorily pass the associated competency questionnaire. The HSE Induction covers the following environmental management requirements. These requirements are reinforced through periodic workplace HSE meetings and toolbox meetings.

• Pollution prevention and housekeeping practices and procedures;

• Waste management, including segregation and handling of different wastes;

• Chemicals selection, approval and management processes and procedures;

• Emergency Response Plan and procedures; and

Training and competency assessments are tracked by the Training Department. Training records are held by this group.

6.1.3 Monitoring and Reporting

6.1.3.1 Monitoring

In addition to environmental emissions, discharges and waste generation monitoring and reporting, a program of environmental impact monitoring is conducted for the DLNG Plant site. The purpose of this program is to gather information with which to assess the impact of the operations activities on the local receiving environment, with reference to the baseline data collected prior to the start of DLNG Plant commissioning and operations.

The monitoring programmes undertaken at the DLNG Plant are outlined in the ABU Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/066), with details in Table 18 below.


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Table 18 Summary of DLNG Operations EMP Monitoring Programs

Monitoring Program Details Monitoring Key

Performance Indicators Overview Frequency

Atmospheric Emissions

Collection of emissions at the Process Boilers, Acid Gas Incinerator, Compressor Turbines and Power Generation Turbines

Quarterly Table 1

(EPL 54-05)

Complaints Monitoring COP maintains a log of any complaints made in relation to activities at DLNG.

Continuously EPL 54-05

Wastewater Discharge Collection of water samples from irrigation, jetty and sediment pond outfalls.

Table 2 and Table 3

EPL 54-05, DHWQO and ANZECC 2000

Mangrove Monitoring Mangrove surveillance and chemical monitoring of mangrove sediments and biota.

Yearly EPL 54-05 – Appendix 4

Qualitative Monitoring Qualitative monitoring of DLNG Plant.

Monthly EPL 54-05 – Appendix 2

Waste Generation and Disposal

Maintaining a record of nature and quantities of waste streams generated.

Continuously EPL 54-05 and EDP02/0015

Monthly reports will be compiled, verified and approved for company usage and used for internal and external reporting purposes. These records are managed by HSE Department. Records are made available upon request to authorised requestors. Monitoring data will be used, where appropriate, in updating the conceptual site model.

Monthly monitoring data and reports will be used to produce the DLNG Plant Annual Monitoring Report and Annual Audit and Compliance Report. The reports are due for submission to NT EPA by 12 June following reporting period (1 January to 31 December) each year.

Terrestrial sampling points will be identified through appropriate signage so they are easily identifiable at all times and safe access and egress will be maintained as reasonable practicable.

For each wastewater sample required to be collected by this Licence the following information must be recorded and retained:

• date(s) on which the sample was taken;

• time(s) at which the sample was collected;

• point(s) at which the sample was taken;


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• name of the person who collected the sample;

• chain of custody forms relating to the sample(s);

• field measurements and/or analytical results for the sample; and

• laboratory QA/QC documentation.

6.1.3.2 Reporting

Reporting requirements associated with environmental statutory reporting requirements, performance targets and KPI’s are defined in the ABU West Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/066).

Operational performance data entry and collation is conducted via the following primary reporting systems:

• Environmental performance routine and non-routine atmospheric emissions and liquid wastewater discharges will be tracked daily through the Production Reporting system.

• Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/066).

• ABU Approved Chemicals and Hazardous Substances Register (ALL/HSE/PRO/044).

• Waste disposal records, as required by the ABU Waste Management Plan (ALL/HSE/PLN/004), EPL 54-05 and DLNG Waste Management Procedure.

• Fauna monitoring and reporting should be in accordance with Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/066).

• Incident Reporting, Recording and Investigation procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/003).

Reporting roles and responsibilities, reporting standards, and records management requirements are defined in the above referenced specifications and procedures.

An Annual Audit and Compliance Report and Monitoring Report will be provided to NT EPA 20 business days and one month respectively prior to the anniversary of EPL 54-05 (15 June). The Monitoring Report will include:

• Trend analysis and interpretation of quantative and analytical data collected; and

• Cover the period from the 1 January to 31 December of the preceding year.

Environmental performance reporting will be provided to key stakeholders, including, but not limited to:

• NT EPA (As above; and annual NPI listed substances emissions report);

• Department of Climate Change and Energy Efficiency (National Greenhouse and Energy Report and Energy Efficiency Opportunity Report);

• ConocoPhillips Company (Performance Assurance Reports);

• Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association (APPEA) (Environmental Incident Reports

Publically Available Reports

In accordance with the EDP02/0015 and EPL 54-05 the following documents will be available to members on the public through the DLNG COP website:

• Copies (including variations) of EDP02/0015 and EPL 54-05;


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• Environmental Impact Assessment 1997 – 3MTPA LNG Facility

• Public Environment Report 2002 – 10MTPA LNG Facility

• NTG Environmental Assessment Report & Recommendations (#24 and 39)

• Greenhouse Gas Management Plan

ο Annual Greenhouse Gas Management Plan revisions and GHG inventory

• Environmental Management Programs:

ο Vol I – EMP Overview and Compliance Audit Report

ο Vol II – Construction Phase EMP

ο Vol III – Dredge & Spoil Disposal EMP

ο Vol IV – Operations EMP

• Annual Audit and Compliance Report (Appendix 6 of EPL 54-05 and Volume I of the EMP Overview and Compliance Audit Report)

Environmental Incident Reporting

All reportable incidents, recordable incidents and unusual events will in the first instance be reported to COP. HSE hazards and in accordance with the Incident Reporting, Recording and Investigation Procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/003). Root cause analysis is performed for incidents as required to determine the cause and aid identification of appropriate corrective actions.

The definitions of a reportable incident are taken from the Waste Management and Pollution Control Act, Part 3, 14. A ‘reportable incident’ means any incident (such as an accident or malfunction) which causes or threatens to cause pollution resulting in material or serious environmental harm

A reportable incident is required to be reported to the regulator as soon as practicable, but not later than twenty four hours after the first occurrence of the incident or after the time the operator becomes aware of the reportable incident (EPL Condition 33 and 34). The Licensee is to notify the NT EPA of non-compliances of the Licence by emailing [email protected] or via telephone on the pollution hotline 1800 064 567.

6.1.4 Verification Audits and Reviews

Monitoring implementation of commitments made within the OEMP and associated documented plans, procedures and processes is validated through the audit processes of the ABU HSEMS. Environmental audits and follow-up actions are conducted in accordance with the ABU HSE Auditing and Inspection Procedure (Doc No.ALL/HSE/PRO/031).

Management review of HSE compliance and performance is undertaken in accordance with the ABU HSEMS review processes described in the HSE Management System Manual (ALL/HSE/MAN/001). The IOSC HSE Steering Committee conducts annual HSE performance reviews. The IOSC HSE Steering Committee is comprised of the IOSC management team. Inputs to the review process are provided from monitoring programs, audits and inspections conducted by staff and contractors with specialist expertise in operations and HSE. External review input is provided by corporate and third party specialists, as appropriate.



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7 EMERGENCY RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS

7.1 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLANS (ERP)

The ERP provides coordinated and effective response to an emergency by:

• Establishing processes to maintain a high level of emergency preparedness;

• Identifying potential emergency scenarios that could occur;

• Documenting the overall emergency response process and key interfaces;

• Outlining measures to maintain interoperability with emergency services and other support organizations;

• Detailing the procedures that will be implemented to manage emergency events; and

• Defining the roles and responsibilities of personnel in an emergency event.

The ERP outlines the measures to:

• Ensure the safety of all personnel.

• Protect the environment through effective emergency management.

• Minimise the impact of damage to equipment and assets.

• Liaise effectively with external agencies and authorities

ConocoPhillips has a strategic approach to emergency response, providing a tiered structure of response. The tiered structure allows the Incident Commander to assess a situation and mobilise the appropriate level of response. Ongoing appraisal of the situation by the onshore emergency response team l allows the level of response to be upgraded or reduced in a controlled and effective manner.

The ConocoPhillips Incident Management Plan (ALL/HSE/ER/001) and Emergency Response Plan – Darwin LNG (ALL/HSE/ER/002) describe arrangements and reporting relationships for command, control and communications, together with interfaces to emergency services specialist response groups, statutory authorities and other external bodies.

7.2 SPILL RESPONSE

7.2.1 Spill Response Arrangements

ConocoPhillips have Emergency Response and ABU Oil Spill Contingency Plans that cover operations at the DLNG Plant. The ConocoPhillips Oil Spill Contingency Plan provides a three-tiered approach to spills in accordance with the severity of the spill and organisational capabilities to mount an effective spill response. The three-tiered approach allows for a smooth transition of control to Northern Territory and Commonwealth agencies in the unlikely event of, or potential for, a Tier 2 or Tier 3 response. Response tiers are defined in Table 19.

ConocoPhillips is a member of the Australian Marine and Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC) and Oil Spill Response limited and can therefore draw on equipment and industry support in the event of a spill. Procedures for calling out this assistance are detailed in the ConocoPhillips Spill Response Plan.


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TIER 1

TIER 2

TIER 3

Global Incident Management Assist

Team (GIMAT)

FACILITY EMERGENCY RESPONSE TEAMS

ABU WEST INCIDENT MANAGEMENT TEAM

ABU WEST CRISIS

MANAGEMENT TEAM

Provide integrated Tier 2/3 support for the

Incident Management Team when requested

Figure 11 ConocoPhillips ABU-West Crisis, Emergency Management and Response Structure


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Table 19 ConocoPhillips Spill Response Tiers

Tier Definition and Emergency Response Provisions Nominal Spill Size Tier 1 IMT Notification

SMALL RESPONSE. Response Resources May require the assistance of the ConocoPhillips Incident Management Team.

0 to 70 barrels (bbl) (0 to 10 m3)

Tier 2 IMT Activation

MEDIUM RESPONSE. Response Resources May require additional off-site regional capabilities, sufficient response resources are available via the AMOSC and the National Plan • A Tier 2 event requires ConocoPhillips to access personnel or

equipment beyond the drill rig, vessel or ConocoPhillips business unit. Response resources may be obtained from spill response Contractors industry and/or Government agencies.

• A Tier 2 incident requires the assistance of the ConocoPhillips Incident Management Team and Crisis Management Team.

• Spill response may be taken over by nominated Government Combat Agency under the relevant Port, State or National Plan.

• ConocoPhillips may mobilise personnel from other ConocoPhillips Business Units

70 to 7,000 bbl 10 to 1,000 m3

10 -1,000 t

Tier 3 CMT Activation

MAJOR RESPONSE. Response Resources May require additional off-site international capabilities: A Tier 3 event requires ConocoPhillips to access personnel or resources on a national or international scale. • A Tier 3 incident that requires the assistance of the ConocoPhillips

Incident Management Team and Crisis Management Team. • ConocoPhillips may mobilise the personnel from other ConocoPhillips

business units. • ConocoPhillips may seek assistance from overseas company business

units as well as Oil Spill Response Limited (OSRL) and any other resource deemed appropriate to effectively manage the Tier 3 event.

>7,000 bbl >1,000 m3

Over 1,000 t

7.3 POTENTIAL SPILL CHARACTERISTICS

This section provides site specific information on the likely movement and dispersal on spilled hydrocarbons. This information supplements information provided in the Oil Spill Contingency Plan (ALL/HSE/ER/004).

Chemicals and hydrocarbon-based products stored and handled onsite are managed so as to reduce the likelihood of leaks or spills either onto land or into the harbour.

Non-routine or accidental spills that may be associated with operations include:

• A 30 tonne surface release of light marine diesel fuel, to represent a release from a ruptured tank from a marine tug due to a collision;

• A 300 litre surface release of hydraulic oil (nominally Mobil DTE 16M) to the harbour, to represent the loss of hydraulic oil from a marine tug due to a collision, or from a major failure of the LNG loading arms; and

• A 20 litre surface release of hydraulic oil (nominally Mobil DTE 16M) to the harbour, to represent the loss of hydraulic oil from a minor failure of the LNG loading arms or hydraulically operated gangway. Note: A readily biodegradable, vegetable-based


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hydraulic oil (Mobil EAL 224H) has been installed in the DLNG jetty loading arms hydraulic system.

There are five key processes that dictate the fate and transport of oil, diesel or other hydrocarbons entering the marine environment. These are:

1. Transport of the oil though wind, tide and ocean currents.

2. Spreading of the oil by wind, tide and ocean currents.

3. Entrainment of the oil in the water column as small droplets through wave action.

4. Evaporation of the oil (depends on air and sea temperature and the surface area of the oil spill).

5. Decay of the oil through natural biological and chemical processes.

The fate of an oil spill at the DLNG Plant would depend on the volume of the spill, the location of the spill and the type of hydrocarbon released into the environment. Generally, the model results showed that because of the strength of the currents in the Port of Darwin (exceeding 1 knot at times), individual slicks were predicted to most commonly advect in the direction of the tidal current. During a flood tide event the oil slick was predicted to rush through the southern entrance, coating the eastern coastline. During the ebb tide the slick is then transported out with the outgoing tide.


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8 REFERENCES

ANZECC/ ARMCANZ, 2000. Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality. Australian and New Zealand Environment & Conservation Council and Agriculture & Resource Management Council of Australia & New Zealand, October 2000.

Asia-Pacific Applied Science Associates, October 2005. Quantitative Oil Spill Exposure Assessment: Darwin LNG Jetty, Wickham Point, Port Darwin. APASA Project No. L016

Australian Maritime Safety Authority. National Marine Chemical Spill Contingency Plan (CHEMPLAN).

Australian Maritime Safety Authority. National Marine Oil Spill Contingency Plan.

Bechtel Australia Pty Ltd, 2001. Darwin LNG Plant, Australia. Preliminary Noise Study with Noise Contour Map. Report prepared by Bechtel Corporation for Phillips Petroleum LNG Pty Ltd.

Bechtel Australia Pty Ltd, 2005. DLNG Sewage Treatment & Effluent Reuse Strategy, Revision 00, 12 September 2005. Information to support the Application for Site Specific Design Approval issued by ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd 16 September 2005 to NT Department of Health and Community Services.

Coleman, A.P.M., 1998. Fishcount: a survey of recreational fishing in the Northern Territory. Fishery Report 43. NT Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries, Darwin.

Commonwealth Department of Industry, Tourism and Resources, Resources Division, 2003. Guidelines for Preparation and Submission of an Environment Plan, published January 2008.

ConocoPhillips (03-12) Pty Ltd. Bayu-Undan Field Operations Phase Environmental Management Plan. Doc. No. BU/HSE/PLN/006.

ConocoPhillips Australasia Business Unit. Health, Safety and Environment Policy.

ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd HSE Management System Manual (ALL/HSE/MAN/001

ConocoPhillips Company, 2009. Climate Change Position

ConocoPhillips Company. Health, Safety and Environmental Management System Standard.

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd ABU Approved Chemicals and Hazardous Substances Register (ALL/HSE/PRO/044).

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd ABU Incident Management Plan (ALL/HSE/PLN/004)

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd ABU Incident Reporting, Recording and Investigation procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/003).

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd ABU Risk Management Procedure ALL/HSE/PRO/040

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd ABU Waste Management Plan (ALL/HSE/PLN/004).

ConocoPhillips Pty Ltd Industrial Hygiene Exposure Assessment Plan Doc. No.ALL/HSE/PRO/061

ConocoPhillips Spill Response Plan (ALL/HSE/PLN/002)

CSIRO, 2001. A Pilot Study of Air Quality in Darwin, NT. Report for the Northern Territory Department of Lands, Planning and Environment, March 2001.

Darwin Harbour Advisory Committee 2003. Draft Darwin Harbour Regional Plan of Management, August 2003.


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Darwin LNG Pty Ltd. Darwin LNG Wickham Point Australia Marine Terminal Handbook.

Environment Australia, 1998. Proposed Darwin LNG Plant and Pipeline Environment Assessment Report. Report issued by Environment Assessment Branch, Environment Protection Group, February 1998.

Environmental Monitoring and Reporting procedure (ALL/HSE/PRO/066).

National Environment Protection Council, 1998. National Environment Protection (Ambient Air Quality) Measure (as amended June 2010).

Noise Assessment for Train 1 and New Solar GTG. F. Brittain, Bechtel e-mail correspondence dated 30 August 2004.

Northern Territory Department of Health and Community Services Medical Entomology Branch, 2004. Wickham Point Baseline Biting Insect Report. Study undertaken on behalf of URS Australia Pty Ltd for Darwin LNG Pty Ltd. January 2004.

Northern Territory Department of Infrastructure Planning and Environment. Waste Management and Pollution Control Act Environment Protection Approval No. 01. Issued to ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd), 27 September 2009.

Northern Territory Department of Infrastructure, Planning and Environment (DIPE). Darwin 10 MTPA LNG Facility (Wickham Point) Environmental Assessment Report and Recommendations. Assessment Report 39 prepared by the NT Office of Environment and Heritage, DIPE, May 2002.

Northern Territory Department of Lands, Planning and Environment, 1998. Darwin Liquefied Natural Gas Plant and Subsea Pipeline. Environmental Assessment Report and Recommendations. Assessment Report 24 issued by Environment Protection Division, Department of Lands, Planning and Environment, February 1998.

Northern Territory Department of Lands, Planning and Environment. National Environment Protection Measure for Ambient Air Quality – Monitoring Plan for the Northern Territory, May 2001.

Northern Territory Government, 2004. Litchfield Area Plan 2004.

Northern Territory Minister for Lands Planning and Environment. Exceptional Development Permit EDP02/0015, issued to Phillips Petroleum Company Australia Pty Ltd (now ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd), 11 November 2002; Variation Permit EDP02/0015A, issued 21 October 2003; Variation Permit EDP02/0015B, issued 11 August 2004; and Variation Permit EDP02/0015C, issued 4 November 2004.

NT Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts. Environment Protection Licence issued under Waste Management and Pollution Control Act.

NT Department of Natural Resources, Environment and the Arts and Sports (NRETAS), 2010. Water Quality Objectives for the Darwin Harbour Region – Background Document. February 2010.

Phillips Oil Company Australia Pty Ltd, 1997. Darwin LNG Plant. Draft Environmental Impact Statement. Prepared by Dames and Moore.

Phillips Petroleum Company Australia Pty Ltd, 2002. Darwin 10 MTPA LNG Facility – Public Environmental Report. Prepared by URS Australia Pty Ltd., March 2002.

Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand, 2004. Environmental Risk Management – Principles and Process, HB 203:2004.

Standards Australia and Standards New Zealand, 2004. Risk Management, AS/NZS 4360:2004.


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Standards Australia, 2004. AS/NZS ISO 14001:2004 Environmental Management Systems - Requirements with Guidance for Use.

URS Australia Pty Ltd, 2002. Baseline Geochemical Analysis Reports. Appendix J to Darwin LNG Plant Environmental Management Programme – Volume II Construction EMP, October 2002.

URS Australia Pty Ltd, 2005. Darwin LNG Operational Discharge Modelling Review. Report No. R1149 prepared for Bechtel Australia Pty Ltd, issued 14 October 2005.

URS Australia Pty Ltd, 2005. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Offset Options. Report prepared for ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd. Report no. 42905314/R1083, 24 May 2005.

URS Australia Pty Ltd, 2010. Darwin LNG Waste Water Irrigation Performance Report prepared for ConocoPhillips Australia Pty Ltd., December 2010


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9 ATTACHMENT 1

9.1 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION LICENCE 54-05

http://livelink-abu.conocophillips.net/livelink.exe?func=doc.Fetch&nodeid=946270&viewtype=1



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10 ATTACHMENT 2

10.1 EXCEPTIONAL DEVELOPMENT PERMIT 02/0015

