d23_abb_stark winfarm and hvdc light

© ABB AG April 20, 2009 | Folie 1

Connecting Offshore Windfarm Clusters by HVDC Light®

Günter Stark, Windstärke 09 “Kurs Offshore“, Bremerhaven 16/17 Juni 2009

© ABB AG Juni, 2009 GST | Folie 2

Overview

Why HVDC ?

HVDC Classic, HVDC Light®

BorWin 1

Project Overview

Platform

Sea Cable

Land Cable

Outlook


Development of the Electrical Grid

After first steps with DC:Standardisation with three-phaseAC current

Power transmission over longdistances at high voltage levels750kV/400kV in order to reduce losses

Production and consumptionof electrical energy in the samegeographical area.


Characteristics of AC Cable Connections

Advantages

Known technology

Economical for short distances

Disadvantages

Reactive power compensation necessary

Max. economical distance around 100km

Longer distances need compensation on half way

Max. power around 250 MW (today)

Instability and resonancesbetween wind farm and grid possible


What is HVDC?

DC Current

AC Current

HVDC Converter

HVDC Converter AC Current

HVDC Technology has been developed 50 Years ago.


HVDC TechnologiesHVDC Classic and HVDC Light

600 MW,200 x 120 x 22 m

HVDC Classic (300 – 6.400 MW)Thyristor-Technology

Typical design: Valve building, filter and switchgear

Mass impregnated cables

Limited reactive power supply

HVDC Light® (50 – 1.100 MW)IGBT-Technology

Typical Design: Building withall components except transformers

VPE-Cable

Full reactive power supply

Voltage Source Converter

Black start capability550 MW,

120 x 50 x 11 m


HVDC Classic 3000 MW Longquan Converter Station, Panorama View


Overview

Why HVDC ?

HVDC Classic, HVDC Light®

BorWin 1

Project Overview

Platform

Sea Cable

Land Cable

Outlook


Offshore wind power connectorsHVDC Light grid connection


Example: Grid connection of the offshore wind farms cluster “SylWin” in the German North Sea

Transmission distance:

Sea cable: 160 km

Land cable: 50 km

Offshore wind farms

Sandbank 24

Nördlicher Grund

DanTysk

Butendiek

Nordpassage

…


Scenario 1 with 10 x 200 MW AC grid connection

Platform

AC Cable


Scenario 2 with 5 x 400 MW HVDC grid connection

PlatformDC Cable


Scenario 3 with 2 x 1000 MW HVDC grid connection

PlatformDC CableAC Cable


The first project to connect offshore wind BorWin 1

Customer: E.ON, Germany

Customer‘s need:connection of a 400 MW offshore wind farm to the German transmission grid125 km coast distancewithin two years (in operation end of 2009)

ABB response400 MW HVDC Light®system, ±150 kV125 km sea cable, 75 km land cableTurnkey delivery including platform


BorWin 1 Single Line Diagram

DC

Cap

acito

r

AC B

reak

er +

pr

eins

ert.

Res

isto

r

DC

Cho

pper


BorWin 1 Platform layout

Topside weight approx 3.300 t(incl. 800 t ABB equipment)Size approx 52 x 35 x 22 m Jacket 1.500 t (Height 62 m, sea level to topside approx 20 m) Topside and jacket verified, witnessed and approved by Germanische Lloyd according to the German rules & regulationsPermits for the platform has to be obtained from BSH before start of installation & operation


BorWin 1 Platform and Jacket


BorWin 1Plattform Montage

Plattformdeck:3800 to. ABB Equipment ca. 850 to.Maße: 50x30x25m

Montage in Vlisssingen NL


BorWin 1HVDC Light® IGBT Module Stack und Transformator

Plattformdeck:3800 to. ABB Equipment ca. 850 to.Maße: 50x30x25m

Montage in Vlisssingen NL


BorWin 1HVDC Light Station, Diele

Cooling Units

ReactorsValves

Chopper

AC Filter Yard

DC FilterYard

Power Transformer


BorWin 1HVDC Light® Cables

121 km sea cable (1200 mm2 Cu)

8,4 km Wadden Sea, Norderney und Ems (1600 mm2 Cu)

73,6 km land cable (2300 mm2 AL)

Triple extruded VPE

- Conductor shield- HVDC Polymer Isolator- Isolator shield

Lead shield

Armour steel protection

Outer layer: Polypropylen


BorWin 1Installation des Landkabels im Sommer 2008


Temperature distribution in the Ground (Example)

Max. losses of 60 W/m result in max.55 W/m2 at Surface above the cable (Solar Radiation in Winter approx: 200 W/m2)

Temperature at Cable Jacket in Summer Conditions: 42 °C(Dray out of the earth will occur earliest at 50 °C )

4139373533312927252321191715

Temperature in °C

-1 -0,8 -0,6 -0,4 -0,2 0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1 1,2

0

-0,2

-0,4

-0,6

-0,8

-1,0

-1,2

-1,4

Depth in m

Distance in m

40

35

30

25

20

Temperature in °C

0 0,40,2 0,6 0,8 1

Distance in m

Temperature profilecorrespondingto the red line


Magnetic Field

No electrical field outside the cable

Very low magnetic field

Exactly similar to natural magnetic field

Less that 1/10 of Earth‘s magnetic field

2 m above the cable (≈ 1 m above Ground)

Cable Distance in m

Mag

netic

Fie

ld in

Mic

rote

sla

DC CableEarth Magnetic FieldLimit for Public Areas


Conclusion

HVDC will be an important contribution for the challenges in the expansion of the grid in Germany -today and in the future.

Offshore wind farm connection

Additional transmission capability of the existing 400-kV-Grid

Many innovations during the last 15 years with ongoing development

No substitute for the existing development of the AC grid.

d23_abb_stark winfarm and hvdc light

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