DO NOW:How do infections occur in everyday life? List possible ways you can become infected with disease.

DISEASE TRANSMISSIONPart 1: Chapter 3

HOW INFECTIONS OCCUR

Pathogens Microorganism, a disease causing agent They enter the body and sometimes overpower

the body’s natural defense and cause illness (infection)

Most of the infectious diseases are caused by bacteria and viruses

Bacteria & VirusesStaph HIV

HOW ARE THEY SPREAD???

If they are present If there is enough of the pathogen present to

cause the disease If the pathogen passes through the correct

entry site The person is susceptible to the pathogen

DIFFERENT TRANSMISSIONS

When the infected blood or body fluid from one person enters another person’s body at a correct entry site Ex. Blood splashing

in the eye

Occurs when a person touches an object that contains the blood or another body fluid of an infect person, and that infected blood or other body fluid enters the body through a correct entry site

Direct Contact Indirect Contact

STOP AND THINK

What are ways blood born pathogens can enter the body in a first aid situation.

HOW INFECTIONS OCCUR VIDEO

PRECAUTIONS

Standard precautions are safety measures taken to prevent exposure to blood and body fluids when giving care to ill or injured persons

Personal Hygiene Wet your hands with water Apply antimicrobial liquid soap to your hands Rub your hands vigorously for at least 15 sec,

covering the entire surface of the hand Rinse hands with water Dry your hand thoroughly with a paper towel Turn off faucet using the paper towel

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Equipment that helps keep you from directly

contacting infected material: Wear disposable gloves Remove jewelry, such as rings, bracelets, and watches

before wearing the gloves Cover any cuts, scrapes or sores prior to putting on

protective equipment Do not use disposable gloves that are discolored, torn or

punctured Do not clean or reuse disposable gloves Change gloves before you give care to a different victim Wear protective coverings

mask, eyewear or gown, whenever you are likely to come in contact with blood or other body fluids

Use breathing barriers Resuscitation masks or face shields

Remove disposable gloves without contacting the soiled part of the glove

CLEA

NIN

G U

P A

BLO

OD

SP

ILL

-Clean up ASAP-Wear disposable gloves-Wipe up with absorbent material-Sterilize the area where spill occurred-Dispose properly

DISPOSING OF CONTAMINATED MATERIAL

CPR POCKET MASK

IF YOU ARE EXPOSED

Notify a police officer or other professional on the scene AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

OBTAINING CONSENT

Permission to treat the victim Before treating a conscious patient you have

to tell the victim: Who you are Your level of training The care you would like to give

Implied Consent If the victim is unconscious or unable to respond

due to the illness or injury it is assumed they would want the care

GOOD SAMARITAN LAWS

Immunity protection for a citizen responder from being sued or found financially responsible for the victims injury

These laws were enacted to encourage people to other in emergency situations

REA

CH

ING

AN

D M

OV

ING

VIC

TIM

S

C-C-C Only move a victim if they are in

immediate danger Fire Presence of toxic gas Risk of drowning Risk of explosion Collapse structure Uncontrollable traffic hazard

Before acting considering the following Dangerous conditions at the scene The size of the victim Your physical ability Whether others can help The victims condtion

EMERGENCY MOVES

Walking Assist Pack-Strap Carry

EMERGENCY MOVES (CONT)

Two-Person Seat Carry Clothes Drag