d-88-11 paper - iii.pdf

32
1. ¯ÖÆ»Öê ¯Öéš Ûê ‰ ¯Ö¸ ×®ÖμÖŸÖ Ã£ÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ †¯Ö®ÖÖ ¸Öê»Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸ ×»Ö×ÜÖ‹ … 2. »Ö‘Öã ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö ŸÖ£ÖÖ ×®Ö²ÖÓ¬Ö ¯ÖÏÛ Ö¸ Ûê ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Ûê ˆ¢Ö¸, ¯ÖÏŸμÖêÛ ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö Ûê ®Öß“Öê μÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Ûê ²ÖÖ¤ ´Öë פμÖê Æ㋠׸ŒŸÖ ãÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ Æß ×»Ö×ÜÖμÖê … ‡ÃÖÛê ×»Ö‹ Û Öê‡Ô †×ŸÖ׸ŒŸÖ Û ÖÝÖ•Ö Û Ö ˆ¯ÖμÖÖêÝÖ ®ÖÆà Û ¸®ÖÖ Æî … 3. ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖ ¯ÖÏÖ¸´³Ö ÆÖê®Öê ¯Ö¸, ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê ¤ê ¤ß •ÖÖμÖêÝÖß … ¯ÖÆ»Öê ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö ×´Ö®Ö™ †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ÜÖÖê»Ö®Öê ŸÖ£ÖÖ ˆÃÖÛ ß ×®Ö´®Ö×»Ö×ÜÖŸÖ •ÖÖÑ“Ö Ûê ×»Ö‹ פμÖê •ÖÖμÖëÝÖê, וÖÃÖÛ ß •ÖÖÑ“Ö †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê †¾Ö¿μÖ Û ¸®Öß Æî : (i) ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ÜÖÖê»Ö®Öê Ûê ×»Ö‹ ˆÃÖÛê Û ¾Ö¸ ¯Öê•Ö ¯Ö¸ »ÖÝÖß Û ÖÝÖ•Ö Û ß ÃÖß»Ö Û Öê ± Ö›Ì »Öë … ÜÖã»Öß Æã‡Ô μÖÖ ×²Ö®ÖÖ Ã™ßÛ ¸- ÃÖß»Ö Û ß ¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö Ã¾ÖßÛ Ö¸ ®Ö Û ¸ë … (ii) Û ¾Ö¸ ¯Öéš ¯Ö¸ ”¯Öê ×®Ö¤ì¿ÖÖ®ÖãÃÖÖ¸ ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö Ûê ¯Öéš ŸÖ£ÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Û ß ÃÖÓÜμÖÖ Û Öê †“”ß ŸÖ¸Æ “ÖîÛ Û ¸ »Öë ×Û μÖê ¯Öæ¸ê Æï … ¤ÖêÂÖ¯ÖæÞÖÔ ¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ×•Ö®Ö´Öë ¯Öéš/¯ÖÏ¿®Ö Û ´Ö ÆÖë μÖÖ ¤ã²ÖÖ¸Ö †Ö ÝÖμÖê ÆÖë μÖÖ ÃÖß׸μÖ»Ö ´Öë ®Ö ÆÖë †£ÖÖÔŸÖË ×Û ÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏÛ Ö¸ Û ß ¡Öã×™¯ÖæÞÖÔ ¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö Ã¾ÖßÛ Ö¸ ®Ö Û ¸ë ŸÖ£ÖÖ ˆÃÖß ÃÖ´ÖμÖ ˆÃÖê »ÖÖî™ÖÛ ¸ ˆÃÖÛê ãÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ ¤æÃÖ¸ß ÃÖÆß ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö »Öê »Öë … ‡ÃÖÛê ×»Ö‹ †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê ¯ÖÖÑ“Ö ×´Ö®Ö™ פμÖê •ÖÖμÖëÝÖê … ˆÃÖÛê ²ÖÖ¤ ®Ö ŸÖÖê †Ö¯ÖÛ ß ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö- ¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ¾ÖÖ¯ÖÃÖ »Öß •ÖÖμÖêÝÖß †Öî¸ ®Ö Æß †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê †×ŸÖ׸ŒŸÖ ÃÖ´ÖμÖ ×¤μÖÖ •ÖÖμÖêÝÖÖ … 4. †®¤¸ פμÖê ÝÖμÖê ×®Ö¤ì¿ÖÖë Û Öê ¬μÖÖ®Ö¯Öæ¾ÖÔÛ ¯ÖœÌë … 5. ˆ¢Ö¸-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö Ûê †®ŸÖ ´Öë Û ““ÖÖ Û Ö´Ö (Rough Work) Û ¸®Öê Ûê ×»Ö‹ ´Öæ»μÖÖÓÛ ®Ö ¿Öß™ ÃÖê ¯ÖÆ»Öê ‹Û ¯Öéš פμÖÖ Æã†Ö Æî … 6. μÖפ †Ö¯Ö ˆ¢Ö¸-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ¯Ö¸ ×®ÖμÖŸÖ Ã£ÖÖ®Ö Ûê †»ÖÖ¾ÖÖ †¯Ö®ÖÖ ®ÖÖ´Ö, ¸Öê»Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸, ± Öê®Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸ μÖÖ Û Öê‡Ô ³Öß ‹êÃÖÖ ×“ÖÅ®Ö ×•ÖÃÖÃÖê †Ö¯ÖÛ ß ¯ÖÆ“ÖÖ®Ö ÆÖê ÃÖÛê , †Ó×Û ŸÖ Û ¸ŸÖê Æï †£Ö¾ÖÖ †³Ö¦ ³ÖÖÂÖÖ Û Ö ¯ÖÏμÖÖêÝÖ Û ¸ŸÖê Æï, μÖÖ Û Öê‡Ô †®μÖ †®Öã×“ÖŸÖ ÃÖÖ¬Ö®Ö Û Ö ¯ÖÏμÖÖêÝÖ Û ¸ŸÖê Æï, ŸÖÖê ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖ Ûê ×»ÖμÖê †μÖÖêÝμÖ ‘ÖÖê×ÂÖŸÖ ×Û μÖê •ÖÖ ÃÖÛ ŸÖê Æï … 7. †Ö¯ÖÛ Öê ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ¯ŸÖ ÆÖê®Öê ¯Ö¸ ˆ¢Ö¸-¯Öã×ßÖÛ Ö ×®Ö¸ßõÖÛ ´ÖÆÖê¤μÖ Û Öê »ÖÖî™Ö®ÖÖ †Ö¾Ö¿μÖÛ Æî †Öî¸ ‡ÃÖê ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖׯŸÖ Ûê ²ÖÖ¤ †¯Ö®Öê ÃÖÖ£Ö ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖ ³Ö¾Ö®Ö ÃÖê ²ÖÖƸ ®Ö »ÖêÛ ¸ •ÖÖμÖë … 8. Ûê ¾Ö»Ö ®Öß»Öê/Û Ö»Öê ²ÖÖ»Ö ¯¾ÖÖ‡Õ™ ¯Öê®Ö Û Ö Æß ‡ÃŸÖê´ÖÖ»Ö Û ¸ë … 9. ×Û ÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏÛ Ö¸ Û Ö ÃÖÓÝÖÞÖÛ (Ûê »ÖÛã »Öꙸ) μÖÖ »ÖÖòÝÖ ™ê²Ö»Ö †Öפ Û Ö ¯ÖÏμÖÖêÝÖ ¾ÖÙ•ÖŸÖ Æî … 1. Write your roll number in the space provided on the top of this page. 2. Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to be given in the space provided below each question or after the questions in the Test Booklet itself. No Additional Sheets are to be used. 3. At the commencement of examination, the question booklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, you are requested to open the booklet and compulsorily examine it as below : (i) To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off the paper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do not accept a booklet without sticker-seal and do not accept an open booklet. (ii) Tally the number of pages and number of questions in the booklet with the information printed on the cover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questions missing or duplicate or not in serial order or any other discrepancy should be got replaced immediately by a correct booklet from the invigilator within the period of 5 minutes. Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will be replaced nor any extra time will be given. 4. Read instructions given inside carefully. 5. One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of the booklet before the Evaluation Sheet. 6. If you write your Name, Roll Number, Phone Number or put any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, except for the space allotted for the relevant entries, which may disclose your identity, or use abusive language or employ any other unfair means, you will render yourself liable to disqualification. 7. You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators at the end of the examination compulsorily and must not carry it with you outside the Examination Hall. 8. Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen. 9. Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited. D-88-11 P.T.O. Signature and Name of Invigilator Roll No. (In words) 1. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ 2. (Signature) __________________________ (Name) ____________________________ Roll No.________________________________ D PAPER-III [Maximum Marks : 200 Time : 2 1 / 2 hours] Number of Pages in this Booklet : 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet : 19 Instructions for the Candidates ¯Ö¸ßõÖÖÙ£ÖμÖÖë Ûê ×»Ö‹ ×®Ö¤ì¿Ö (In figures as per admission card) ELECTRONIC SCIENCE 88 1 1

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Page 1: D-88-11 Paper - III.pdf

1. ¯ÖÆü»Öê ¯Öéšü Ûêú ‰ú¯Ö¸ü ×®ÖµÖŸÖ Ã£ÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ü †¯Ö®ÖÖ ¸üÖê»Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸ü ×»Ö×ÜÖ‹ …2. »Ö‘Öã ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö ŸÖ£ÖÖ ×®Ö²ÖÓ¬Ö ¯ÖÏÛúÖ¸ü Ûêú ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Ûêú ˆ¢Ö¸ü, ¯ÖÏŸµÖêÛú ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö Ûêú ®Öß“Öê

µÖÖ ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Ûêú ²ÖÖ¤ü ´Öë פüµÖê Æãü‹ ׸üŒŸÖ ãÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ü Æüß ×»Ö×ÜÖµÖê …‡ÃÖÛêú ×»Ö‹ ÛúÖê‡Ô †×ŸÖ׸üŒŸÖ ÛúÖÝÖ•Ö ÛúÖ ˆ¯ÖµÖÖêÝÖ ®ÖÆüà Ûú¸ü®ÖÖ Æîü …

3. ¯Ö¸üßõÖÖ ¯ÖÏÖ¸ü´³Ö ÆüÖê®Öê ¯Ö¸ü, ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê ¤êü ¤üß •ÖÖµÖêÝÖß … ¯ÖÆü»Öê¯ÖÖÑ“Ö ×´Ö®Ö™ü †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ÜÖÖê»Ö®Öê ŸÖ£ÖÖ ˆÃÖÛúß ×®Ö´®Ö×»Ö×ÜÖŸÖ•ÖÖÑ“Ö Ûêú ×»Ö‹ פüµÖê •ÖÖµÖëÝÖê, וÖÃÖÛúß •ÖÖÑ“Ö †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê †¾Ö¿µÖ Ûú¸ü®ÖßÆîü :(i) ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ÜÖÖê»Ö®Öê Ûêú ×»Ö‹ ˆÃÖÛêú Ûú¾Ö¸ü ¯Öê•Ö ¯Ö¸ü »ÖÝÖß

ÛúÖÝÖ•Ö Ûúß ÃÖᯙ ÛúÖê ±úÖ›Ìü »Öë … ÜÖã»Öß Æãü‡Ô µÖÖ ×²Ö®ÖÖ Ã™üßÛú¸ü-ÃÖᯙ Ûúß ¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ Ã¾ÖßÛúÖ¸ü ®Ö Ûú¸ëü …

(ii) Ûú¾Ö¸ü ¯Öéšü ¯Ö¸ü ”û¯Öê ×®Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖ®ÖãÃÖÖ¸ü ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ Ûêú ¯Öéšü ŸÖ£ÖÖ¯ÖÏ¿®ÖÖë Ûúß ÃÖÓܵÖÖ ÛúÖê †“”ûß ŸÖ¸üÆü “ÖîÛú Ûú¸ü »Öë ×Ûú µÖê ¯Öæ¸êü Æïü …¤üÖêÂÖ¯ÖæÞÖÔ ¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ×•Ö®Ö´Öë ¯Öéšü/¯ÖÏ¿®Ö Ûú´Ö ÆüÖë µÖÖ ¤ãü²ÖÖ¸üÖ †Ö ÝÖµÖêÆüÖë µÖÖ ÃÖß׸üµÖ»Ö ´Öë ®Ö ÆüÖë †£ÖÖÔŸÖË ×ÛúÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏÛúÖ¸ü Ûúß ¡Öã×™ü¯ÖæÞÖÔ¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ Ã¾ÖßÛúÖ¸ü ®Ö Ûú¸ëü ŸÖ£ÖÖ ˆÃÖß ÃÖ´ÖµÖ ˆÃÖê »ÖÖî™üÖÛú¸ü ˆÃÖÛêúãÖÖ®Ö ¯Ö¸ü ¤æüÃÖ¸üß ÃÖÆüß ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ »Öê »Öë … ‡ÃÖÛêú ×»Ö‹ †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê¯ÖÖÑ“Ö ×´Ö®Ö™ü פüµÖê •ÖÖµÖëÝÖê … ˆÃÖÛêú ²ÖÖ¤ü ®Ö ŸÖÖê †Ö¯ÖÛúß ¯ÖÏ¿®Ö-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ¾ÖÖ¯ÖÃÖ »Öß •ÖÖµÖêÝÖß †Öî¸ü ®Ö Æüß †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê †×ŸÖ׸üŒŸÖ ÃÖ´ÖµÖפüµÖÖ •ÖÖµÖêÝÖÖ …

4. †®¤ü¸ü פüµÖê ÝÖµÖê ×®Ö¤ìü¿ÖÖë ÛúÖê ¬µÖÖ®Ö¯Öæ¾ÖÔÛú ¯ÖœÌëü …5. ˆ¢Ö¸ü-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ Ûêú †®ŸÖ ´Öë Ûú““ÖÖ ÛúÖ´Ö (Rough Work) Ûú¸ü®Öê Ûêú

×»Ö‹ ´Ö滵ÖÖÓÛú®Ö ¿Öß™ü ÃÖê ¯ÖÆü»Öê ‹Ûú ¯Öéšü פüµÖÖ Æãü†Ö Æîü …6. µÖפü †Ö¯Ö ˆ¢Ö¸ü-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ¯Ö¸ü ×®ÖµÖŸÖ Ã£ÖÖ®Ö Ûêú †»ÖÖ¾ÖÖ †¯Ö®ÖÖ ®ÖÖ´Ö,

¸üÖê»Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸ü, ±úÖê®Ö ®Ö´²Ö¸ü µÖÖ ÛúÖê‡Ô ³Öß ‹êÃÖÖ ×“ÖÅ®Ö ×•ÖÃÖÃÖê †Ö¯ÖÛú߯ÖÆü“ÖÖ®Ö ÆüÖê ÃÖÛêú, †Ó×ÛúŸÖ Ûú¸üŸÖê Æïü †£Ö¾ÖÖ †³Ö¦ü ³ÖÖÂÖÖ ÛúÖ ¯ÖϵÖÖêÝÖ Ûú¸üŸÖêÆïü, µÖÖ ÛúÖê‡Ô †®µÖ †®Öã×“ÖŸÖ ÃÖÖ¬Ö®Ö ÛúÖ ¯ÖϵÖÖêÝÖ Ûú¸üŸÖê Æïü, ŸÖÖê ¯Ö¸üßõÖÖ Ûêú×»ÖµÖê †µÖÖêÝµÖ ‘ÖÖê×ÂÖŸÖ ×ÛúµÖê •ÖÖ ÃÖÛúŸÖê Æïü …

7. †Ö¯ÖÛúÖê ¯Ö¸üßõÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖ¯ŸÖ ÆüÖê®Öê ¯Ö¸ü ˆ¢Ö¸ü-¯Öã×ßÖÛúÖ ×®Ö¸üßõÖÛú ´ÖÆüÖê¤üµÖ ÛúÖê»ÖÖî™üÖ®ÖÖ †Ö¾Ö¿µÖÛú Æîü †Öî¸ü ‡ÃÖê ¯Ö¸üßõÖÖ ÃÖ´ÖÖׯŸÖ Ûêú ²ÖÖ¤ü †¯Ö®Öê ÃÖÖ£Ö¯Ö¸üßõÖÖ ³Ö¾Ö®Ö ÃÖê ²ÖÖÆü¸ü ®Ö »ÖêÛú¸ü •ÖÖµÖë …

8. Ûêú¾Ö»Ö ®Öß»Öê/ÛúÖ»Öê ²ÖÖ»Ö ¯¾ÖÖ‡Õ™ü ¯Öê®Ö ÛúÖ Æüß ‡ÃŸÖê´ÖÖ»Ö Ûú¸ëü …9. ×ÛúÃÖß ³Öß ¯ÖÏÛúÖ¸ü ÛúÖ ÃÖÓÝÖÞÖÛú (Ûêú»ÖÛãú»Öê™ü¸ü) µÖÖ »ÖÖòÝÖ ™êü²Ö»Ö †Öפü ÛúÖ

¯ÖϵÖÖêÝÖ ¾ÖÙ•ÖŸÖ Æîü …

1. Write your roll number in the space provided on the topof this page.

2. Answer to short answer/essay type questions are to begiven in the space provided below each question orafter the questions in the Test Booklet itself.

No Additional Sheets are to be used.

3. At the commencement of examination, the questionbooklet will be given to you. In the first 5 minutes, youare requested to open the booklet and compulsorilyexamine it as below :

(i) To have access to the Question Booklet, tear off thepaper seal on the edge of this cover page. Do notaccept a booklet without sticker-seal and do notaccept an open booklet.

(ii) Tally the number of pages and number of questionsin the booklet with the information printed on thecover page. Faulty booklets due to pages/questionsmissing or duplicate or not in serial order or anyother discrepancy should be got replacedimmediately by a correct booklet from theinvigilator within the period of 5 minutes.Afterwards, neither the Question Booklet will bereplaced nor any extra time will be given.

4. Read instructions given inside carefully.

5. One page is attached for Rough Work at the end of thebooklet before the Evaluation Sheet.

6. If you write your Name, Roll Number, Phone Number orput any mark on any part of the Answer Sheet, exceptfor the space allotted for the relevant entries, which maydisclose your identity, or use abusive language or employany other unfair means, you will render yourself liable todisqualification.

7. You have to return the test booklet to the invigilators atthe end of the examination compulsorily and must notcarry it with you outside the Examination Hall.

8. Use only Blue/Black Ball point pen.

9. Use of any calculator or log table etc., is prohibited.

D-88-11 P.T.O.

Signature and Name of Invigilator

Roll No.

(In words)

1. (Signature) __________________________

(Name) ____________________________

2. (Signature) __________________________

(Name) ____________________________

Roll No.________________________________

D

PAPER-III

[Maximum Marks : 200Time : 2 1/2 hours]

Number of Pages in this Booklet : 32 Number of Questions in this Booklet : 19

Instructions for the Candidates ¯Ö¸üßõÖÖÙ£ÖµÖÖë Ûêú ×»Ö‹ ×®Ö¤ìü¿Ö

(In figures as per admission card)

ELECTRONIC SCIENCE

8 8 1 1

Page 2: D-88-11 Paper - III.pdf

D-88-11 2

ELECTRONIC SCIENCE

PAPER – III

Note : This paper is of two hundred (200) marks containing four (4) sections. Candidates

are required to attempt the questions contained in these sections according to the

detailed instructions given therein.

Answer to all questions must be written in English only.

Page 3: D-88-11 Paper - III.pdf

D-88-11 3 P.T.O.

SECTION – I

Note : This section consists of two essay type questions of twenty (20) marks each, to be

answered in about five hundred (500) words each. (2 ×××× 20 = 40 Marks)

1. With the help of neat diagram, explain the operation of Hartley oscillator and explain

its working. Derive the expression for frequency of oscillation and condition for

starting of oscillations.

OR

Draw the pin diagram of 741 opamp. Explain its features and give details of three

applications.

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D-88-11 4

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D-88-11 5 P.T.O.

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Page 7: D-88-11 Paper - III.pdf

D-88-11 7 P.T.O.

2. Classify various instructions in 8085 microprocessors. Also discuss various

addressing modes with examples.

OR

Design a synchronous decade counter using J.K flip flops.

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D-88-11 9 P.T.O.

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Page 11: D-88-11 Paper - III.pdf

D-88-11 11 P.T.O.

SECTION – II

Note : This Section Contains three (03) questions of Fifteen (15) marks each to be

answered in about 300 (three hundred) words. (3 ×××× 15 = 45 Marks)

3. What is need of modulation ? Compare different digital phase modulation techniques.

4. Explain SCR operation with the help of two transistor model. Derive expression for

gate current.

5. What are hybrid parameters in transistors ? Obtain expressions for hybrid parameters

for CE stape.

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D-88-11 13 P.T.O.

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SECTION – III

Note : This section contains nine (9) questions of ten (10) marks, each to be answered in

about fifty (50) words. (9 ×××× 10 = 90 Marks)

6. Explain the operation of full wave bridge rectifier and also calculate the efficiency.

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7. Explain the steps for fabrication of a BJT.

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8. State and prove maximum power transfer theorem.

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9. Compare various features of a micro controller with a microprocessor.

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10. Determine the input impedance of a 50 ohm lossless transmission line of length 0.1 λ.

If it is terminated in an open circuit.

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11. What do you understand by quantization process ? How quantization errors can be

reduced ?

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12. Draw a single phase inverter using thyristors. How does it work ?

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13. Derive expression for Numerical aperture in optical fiber communication. What is its

physical significance ?

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14. What is pH ? How is it measured ? Explain

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SECTION – IV

Note : This section contains five (5) questions of five (5) marks, each based on the following

passage. Each question should be answered in about thirty (30) words.

(5 ×××× 5 = 25 Marks)

Gunn effect is instrumental in the generation of microwave oscillators in bulk

semiconductor materials. GaAs and InP have been found to posses it. If a small dc

voltage is placed across a thin slice of GaAs, then negative resistance will manifest it

self under certain conditions. If the voltage gradient across the slice is in excess of

about 3300 V/cm. The oscillations will then occur, if the slice is connected to a

suitably tuned circuit. Because of high voltage gradient across the slice of GaAs

electron velocities are high, and the oscillations will occur at microwave frequencies.

It is seen that as the applied voltage rises past the negative – resistance value,

current falls, and thus the classical case of negative resistance is exhibited. The

oscillations observed in the GaAs slice have compatible with the formation and transit

time of electron bunches. This phenomenon leads to the formation of negative

resistance domains. As a good approximation, the equivalent circuit of a GaAs,

X-band Gunn diode consists of a negative resistance of about 100 ohms in parallel

with a capacitance of about 0.6 pF. Gunn oscillators, Gun amplifiers are used in broad

band operation. Gunn diodes are employed frequently as low and medium power

oscillators in microwave receiver instruments. Gunn diodes are also used in pump

sources, because of much lower noise. Further, PIN diodes are used as detectors at

microwave frequencies.

15. Differentiate between direct and indirect band gap semiconductors.

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16. Explain in detail the Gunn effect.

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17. What are Gunn domains ?

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18. List five applications of microwaves.

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19. Explain the detection of microwaves using PIN diodes.

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Space For Rough Work

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Question

Number

Marks Obtained

FOR OFFICE USE ONLY

Total Marks Obtained (in words) ...........................................

(in figures) ..........................................

Signature & Name of the Coordinator ...................................

(Evaluation) Date .........................

D-88-11 32

Marks

Obtained