cytotoxic screening of tropical plants using brine shrimp lethality test

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Karla I. Claudio Campos Augusto Carvajal, M.S Mayra Pagan, PhD Claudia Ospina, PhD

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Año 2008-2009Recursos: Karla I. Claudio Campos, Augusto Carvajal, Mayra Pagán, Claudia Ospina

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Page 1: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Karla I. Claudio CamposAugusto Carvajal, M.S  

Mayra Pagan, PhDClaudia Ospina, PhD

Page 2: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Background

Canella winterana Native of Florida and America

Cyanogenetics

Used as condiment

http://plants.usda.gov

Page 3: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

BackgroundGoetzea elegans Family: Solanaceae

Endemic to Puerto Rico

Commonly known as  “Matabuey”. 

Threatened by loss of habitat.http://www.drna.gobierno.pr

Page 4: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

BackgroundFamily: Zygophyllaceae

Native to Tropical America

Used as treatment for syphilis, rheumatism and for digest system stimulation. 

Podophyllotoxin

Guaiacan officinalis

http://ponce.inter.edu

Page 5: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Study Aims

To identify the chemical compounds of native and endemic plants from Puerto Rico .

To identify and evaluate plant species that may be the source of metabolites with potential cytotoxic activity on Artemia salina.  

Identify the plant with strongest toxic effect. 

Page 6: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

MethodsPlants collection 

Guanica

C. winterana

Botanical Garden, Rio Piedras

G. elegans

G. officinalis

Page 7: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Plant

Drying and Maceration with a mixture of CH2Cl2/MeOH (1:1)

Crude Extract

Suspended in Water and Extracted with solvents of different polarity

Hexane Chloroform Ethyl Acetate Butanol Water*

* Sometimes, butanol extraction is required

Extraction

Page 8: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

MethodsPrepare the saline solution‐ Yeast‐Marine salt‐ Distilled water

Brine Shrimp growth‐ Incubate to 22‐29 °C for 48 hours.

Page 9: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

1 2

3 4

Page 10: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Methods Bioassay‐ Fill the microwells with 100 μl of the saline solution.‐ Prepare the appropriate concentration of the extractionsfor each line.‐ Each sample were done in triplicate.

Page 11: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Sample A Sample A Sample A Sample B Sample B Sample B

500μg/ml

250μg/ml

125μg/ml

62.5μg/ml

31.25μg/ml

15.62μg/ml

7.81μg/ml

3.91μg/ml

Bioassay plates 

Page 12: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Methods Bioassay

‐ Add 10‐15 brine shrimps to the wells by pipetting100 μl of water‐ Incubation for 24 hours‐ Count the amount of death shrimps‐ Add  20 μl of MeOH‐ Count the total of shrimps observed on each well. 

Page 13: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test
Page 14: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Results

Page 15: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Results

Page 16: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Results

Species LC 50 Toxic

Canella winterana > 500 μg/ml No

Goetzea elegans > 500 μg/ml No

Guayacanofficinalis

20.654 μg/ml Yes

Page 17: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

DiscussionGuayacan officinalis crude extract was the only one with cytotoxic effect on A. salina.

LC50 of Guayacan was 20.654 μg/ml.

Crude extracts of Canella and Goetzea do not caused a cytotoxic response in A. salina.

Crude extract can be inactive by antagonic effect of the mixture of compounds.

Bioassays with extracts based on solvent polarity are necessary in order to examine compounds with cytotoxicactivity. 

Page 18: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

Possible outcomesIdentify chemical structures responsible of the cytotoxic effect. 

Examine cytotoxic and pesticide activity of the compounds and extracts actives using specialized bioassays. 

Evaluate cytotoxic activity  on each of the extracts  obtained based on compounds polarity. 

Page 19: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

ReferencesAlvarez, A.; Fernandez, A.; Garcia, D.; Saenz, T.; Tornos, P. “Gas Cromatographic‐Mass 

Spectrometry Study of the Essential Oils of Pimenta Racemosa var, terebinthina and P. racemosa var. grisea” Z. Naturforsch, 2002, 57c, 449‐451. 

Anderson, M.; Gupta, M.; Phillipson, D.; Solis, P.; Colin, W. “A Microwell CytotoxicityAssay using Artemia Salina (Brine Shrimp)”. Planta Med, 1993, 59, 250‐252. 

Gupta, M.; Khanuja, P.; Kumar, J.; Singh, A.; Srivastava, V. “Plant based anticancer molecules: A chemical and biological profile of some important leads” Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 2005, 13, 5892‐5908. 

Halberstein, R. “Medicinal Plants: Historical and Cross‐Cultural Usage Patterns” Ann Epidemiology. 2005 , 15, 686‐699. 

http://plants.usda.govhttp://www.drna.gobierno.prhttp://ponce.inter.eduwww.wikipedia.org

Page 20: Cytotoxic Screening of Tropical Plants using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test

AcknowledgementsAdvisingClaudia Ospina, PhDMayra Pagan, PhD

Financial SupportInstituto de Investigaciones InterdisciplinariasAcademic Affairs Office

Undergraduate StudentsJanibeth Hernandez Isamar OrtizJaymie Rivera

Chemistry DepartmentTechnicians 

Biology DepartmentTechnicians