current affairs- apr-jun 09

8/14/2019 Current Affairs- Apr-jun 09

1/16

National Affairs

The Government has set in motion the process of providing aUnique Identification Number to India's citizens and appointed

Infosys Technologies Co-Chairman Nandan Nilekani as head of anAuthority for this purpose. As Chairman of the body, Mr. Nilekani willhave Cabinet minister rank and status.The move to set up the UID Authority of India (UIDAI), under theaegis of the Planning Commission, is aimed at providing a unique

identity to the targeted population of the flagship schemes to ensurethat the benefits reach them.The Authority shall have the responsibilities to lay down plansand policies to implement the Unique Identification Scheme (UID),shall own and operate the Unique Identification number database andbe responsible for its updation and maintenance on an ongoing basis

Nilekani to head UIN Authority

Whitley Award for M.D. MadhusudhanWildlife biologist M.D. Madhusudhan has been awarded the Whitley Award

in recognition of his work to reduce human-wildlife conflict in the WesternGhats. He is the Director of the Mysore-based Nature ConservationFoundation (NCF). The award, reckoned to be one of the most importantinternational nature conservation awards, includes a 30,000 project grantto carry forward outstanding science-based research and conservationefforts. The grant comes from HSBC. He was part of a team that discovered

a macaque species in 2005. Two other Indian conservationists also receivedAssociate Awards. Sudipto Chatterjee will receive 10,000 to develop an
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2/16

A review and critique of the Nuclear DealThe much-trumpeted nuclear deal has failed to yield strategic benefits forIndia. Such is its burden that even as U.S. policy ignores vital Indian interestsin the region, New Delhi stays mum. Here is an Editorial which criticallyanalyses the Nuke Deal.The Reserve Bank of Indias decision to set up a working group to review

the benchmark prime lending rate (BPLR) system is overdue. There havebeen persistent but often futile attempts at making the determination ofbank interest rates more transparent. Since 2005 the cost of credit is largelydetermined by the way banks calculate their BPLRs.

As originally conceived, the BPLR was meant to be the rate levied by bankson loans to their most creditworthy borrowers, wit h the less creditworthycharged at a higher rate. It was expected to be a competitive, transparentsystem taking into account an individual banks actual cost of funds,operating expenses, a minimum charge to cover regulatory expenses suchas provisioning and profit margin. Over time, the system has lost its

relevance as a meaningful reference rate because the bulk of the loans isadvanced at rates below the BPLRs.

Strong borrowers have been able to arm-twist the banks into lending at sub-prime rates. Certain sectors such as agriculture and exports receivesubsidised credit. Whatever the reason, since banks have simultaneously

been able to maintain their interest margins, it is clear that the BPLRsystem cries for reform and greater transparency.
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3/16

Arvind Jadhav, a 1978 batch IAS officer, has been appointed the full-timeChairman and Managing Director of Air India.

The Golden Rock Railway Workshop at Tiruchurapalli has bagged theSouthern Railway General Managers Green Shield Award for 2008-09 inrecognition of its environmental protection measures.This is the first time that the Green Shield Award has been introduced forthe railway workshops and the Golden Rock Workshop has been chosenamong all other workshops in Southern Railway limits for the prestigiousaward.Ballot papers for blindThe Election Commission has made provisions for special ballot papers that

can be read by touch for blind electors who are not conversant in Braille.Hence special stickers and ballot papers that can be read by touch are beingused.Indias AirForce One"Rajdoot" is the name given to the first of the planes which will be used bythe President.

It is a new Boeing 747/700 and is one of the three such aircraft that havebeen bought by the country to cater to the VVIPs, including the PrimeMinister.

While one of the three jets is meant exclusively for the President and thePrime Minister, the other is for ferrying special guests and senior ministers.The third jet would be on a stand-by.

'
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4/16

India - High Savings RateIndia's high savings rate has been a crucial driver of its economic boom,providing productive capital and helping to fuel a virtuous cycle of highergrowth, higher income and higher savings. India's savings stood at awhopping Rs. 9.85 trillion (US $192 bn) as at the end of 2006-07.

Since the 1990s, the gross domestic savings rate has risen steadily from anaverage of 23% to an estimated high of 35% in the 2006/07 fiscal year (April-March). This increase compares very favorably not only with developedeconomies (the US and the UK have savings rates of around 14%), but alsowith other emerging economieswith a few exceptions such as Malaysia

(38%) and Chile (35%).

India's household sector (including some small businesses) continues toaccount for the lion's sharesome 70%of savings.

Normally, a growing economy is expected to induce more spending and less

of savings. But in Indian context, this has not happened.

One reason for this is the inadequacy of India's social-security system. Onlyaround 10% of India's working population is covered by a retirement-benefitscheme. With increased urban migration, the joint family system (whereseveral generations live together) is declining, reducing traditional old-age

support from families. Health-insurance coverage is very low.
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5/16

New fuel norms to br implementedThe government has set up a committee to ensure supply of Euro-IV petroland diesel in 13 major cities and Euro-III fuels in the rest of the country fromApril 1, 2010.The higher grade of fuels will reduce emission of sulphur and benzene from

vehicles that pollute environment. Euro-IV, or Bharat Stage-IV, diesel andpetrol will be sold in 13 cities.Food Surplus and how to handle ito This year, due to better procurement prices, the government godowns areover filled with stocks. The procurement of wheat alone for 2008-09 is of themagnitude of 226.8 lakh tonnes, which is almost double that of the last year.Rice and wheat stocks in the central pool as on December 2008 had been357.8 lakh tonnes as against the buffer stock norm of 200 lakh tonnes. The

storage capacity, both owned and hired, is not sufficient for the tune ofprocurement and stocks with the government this year.o Steps to handle the Food Surplus:

Strengthen the warehousing facilities; and the private sector can beinvolved.The surpluses should be stored in deficit states to avoid the pitfalls of

transportation in times of shortage.The surpluses should be a part of the governments foreign trade policy

where the surplus grains are exported.Surpluses should be aggressively distributed through the food for work

programmes.

Futures trading should be encouraged where the storing authority managesto hedge the price risk. The ban on futures trading needs to be reviewed.
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6/16

RISAT-2 and ANUSAT put in OrbitThe Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C12) put in orbit Radar ImagingSatellite (RISAT-2), a surveillance satellite, which could keep a watch on thecountrys borders.

This is the first time the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is puttingin orbit a RISAT in the micro-wave band. It can take images of the earth dayand night, see through clouds and identify objects on the ground. The 300-kgRISAT-2 has been procured from Israel.

Anusat, built by Anna University, Chennai, was also put in orbit by the PSLV-

C12. It is an experimental communication satellite meant for storing andrelaying information.The RISAT-2 could precisely look at water bodies and vegetation. Its imageswould have wide ramifications in managing disasters such as cyclones, floodsand landslips. It would also be a powerful tool in estimating the paddyacreage.

India is now the sixth country after Japan, Canada, Germany, Israel and theUS to have such a satellite. ISRO is developing its own indigenous radarimaging satellite, the RISAT-1, for Earth observation to help predict floods,cyclones and landslides.
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7/16

New CEC and EC take chargeChief Election Commissioner N. Gopalaswami laid down the office of theconstitutional post at Nirvachan Sadan, headquarters of the ElectionCommission of India here, on Monday. He held the post for about 34 months.A 1966 batch IAS officer of Gujarat cadre, he became Election Commissioner

in January 2004.

Mr. Gopalaswami was given a warm send-off by seniormost ElectionCommissioner Navin B. Chawla, who will take over as the CEC on Tuesday,Election Commissioner S.Y. Quraishi and senior officials/staff of theCommission.

V.S. Sampath will become an Election Commissioner on Tuesday in thevacancy caused by Mr. Gopalaswamis retirement.

Mr. Chawla, who will become the 16th CEC, is a 1969 batch IAS officer ofDelhi cadre. He was appointed Election Commissioner on May 13, 2005. Hewill hold the office till July 29, 2010. Starting his career as a sub-divisional

magistrate in Delhi in 1971, Mr. Chawla held important posts, includingSecretary to the Lt. Governor of Delhi, and also served in Lakshadweep,Puducherry and as the UPSC Secretary. He was Information and BroadcastingSecretary before being appointed an Election Commissioner.

Mr. Sampath, a native of Vellore in Tamil Nadu, was born on January 16,

1950. He is a 1973 batch IAS officer from Andhra Pradesh cadre.
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8/16

SUNDAY, MAY 3, 2009UK withdraws troops from IraqThe six-year British military occupation of Iraq ended a month ahead ofschedule, amid conflicting claims whether it was worth the cost and loss oflives.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

FRIDAY, MAY 1, 2009Kazakhstan to supply UraniumKazakhstan will supply over 2,000 tonnes of uranium to India for its existingnuclear plants. Both sides are negotiating the price.India could also take up equity stake in Kazakh uranium mines and join the

nuclear research centre being set up with active Japanese collaboration.The uranium supply will be for five years and comes with no strings attached.If the Inter-Governmental Agreement on peaceful use of nuclear energy isfinalised in the coming months, supply could begin by the year-end.

This would be the third international pact to bridge the supply-demand gap.

India has already signed agreements with Russia and France for sourcinguranium for nuclear plants being built by their companies.

Though Kazakhstan has suitors in Russia, China and companies from thewestern world, it is keen on tapping Indian expertise in select areas as part ofits multivector (balanced approach) policy.
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9/16

Swine Influenza may become pandemicSwine influenza (also swine flu) refers to influenza caused by any virus of thefamily Orthomyxoviridae, that is endemic to pig (swine) populations. Mexico,the US, Canada and now Spain have reported cases of swine flu. The newstrain of swine flu virus called H1N1 has killed 103 people in Mexico.

In humans, the symptoms of swine flu are similar to those of influenza and ofinfluenza-like illness in general.

With the World Health Organisation designating swine influenza outbreak asa public health emergency of international concern. India has put on alert allinternational airports and ports for identifying persons with suspectedinfection who could be arriving from countries affected.

Those travelling to affected areas have also been advised to defer non-essential journeys. Instructions were issued to track down people who arrived

in India from Mexico, the U.S., Canada, New Zealand, Spain, France and theUnited Kingdom.
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10/16

Racial attack in Australia (15th June 2009)So far there have been 14 attacks encountered by Indian students inAustralia. Indian students are continuing their street protest against theracially motivated attacks. The Indian community leaders in Australia haveasked the Indian students to stop violent protests in Harris Park in Melbourne.There have also been some stray incidents of Indian students retaliating.India keen to buy IMF BondsIndia is ready to buy about $10 billion (around Rs. 50,000 crore) ofInternational Monetary Fund bonds. If the IMF can issue the securities, itsan easy way for us to make a contribution. The IMF is finalising plans of itsfirst bond offering and is lining up BRIC countries including Brazil, Russia,

China and India as purchasers. The bond would be sold to the central bank,not to individual investors.LTTE chief Prabhakaran's body found (18th May2009)The Tigers of Tamil Eelam Velupillai Prabhakaran has been shot dead andhis body has also been found by the Lankan army. His son Charles Antony

has also been shot dead. Prabhakarans top aides came out of their lasthiding place in a small convoy of van and an ambulance and tried to driveout of the war zone, but were gunned down. The Tiger chief was killed withtwo others, who are believed to be his closest associates - LTTE intelligencechief Pottu Amman and Sea Tigers' chief Soosoi. The deaths of the top LTTEleaders came a day after Tamil Tigers conceded defeat saying the decades-old battle has reached its "bitter end" and they have decided to "silence"
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11/16

Sonal Shah in Obama teamIndian-American Sonal Shah, who formerly led the philanthropic arm ofGoogle, has been appointed head of the new Office of Social Innovation andCivic Participation in the Obama administration.

Members of President Obamas transition team had proposed creating anOffice of Social Innovation to promote government efforts to help innovativenon-profit groups and social entrepreneurs expand successful approaches totackle pressing social problems.India Japan US : Trilateral Naval exerciseJapan will join India and the United States in trilateral naval exercises from

April 26 to May 3. The exercise, named Malabar 2009, will be conducted eastof Okinawa islands.

The professional objective was to deepen mutual understanding and trustamong the navies of the three countries. The political aim was to enhancefriendly ties. The first-ever trilateral naval exercises involving these

countries were held in 2007 off Japans coast. The same year, the navies ofthe U.S. and India held a multilateral exercise, in which Japan, Australia andSingapore participated.

Malabar 2009 will cover tactical training in surface-to-surface battles, anti-submarine warfare, and anti-aircraft operations
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12/16

India participates in Chinas Naval celebrationsChinas Peoples Liberation Army (PLA) kicked off a grand ceremony to markthe 60th anniversary of its Navy. The PLA Navy was founded on April 23,1949, with nine warships and 17 boats obtained after a unit of theKuomintangs second coastal defence fleet defected to the PLA.

A total of 21 naval vessels from 14 countries including India and delegationsfrom 29 countries will join the parade. INS Mumbai and INS Ranveer, theguided missile corvette INS Khanjar and the tanker INS Jyoti are participatingin the review. Pakistani warships also are taking part.

Indian and Chinese warships have been making calls at each others ports aspart of growing confidence building measures between the two sides.

The Indian Navy chiefs visit follows that of Admiral Wus to India last year.Indian Air Force chief, Air Chief Marshal Fali Homi Major, has also visitedChina.

The two armies undertook their first joint exercise at Kunming in Yunnanprovince in December 2007 and the second at Belgaum last December. Thetwo countries signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) in May 2006that they would hold joint military exercises.
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13/16

Contact House of Lords (UK) thru You TubeThe House of Lords committee has become the first parliamentary body toinvite members of the public to submit their views through YouTube.The House of Lords Information Committee, which is responsible for raisingawareness of the work of the upper chamber, has announced it will accept

homemade video evidence as well as written submissions.It hopes the move will encourage wider public participation with its currentinquiry into how the House can use social media tools - including websiteslike Twitter and Facebook - to improve its communication with voters.Lord Renton of Mount Harry,is the the committee Chairman.

Arab League Summit BeginsThe Arab League summit has opened in Doha, capital of Qatar, amid riftswithin the Arab ranks which were widened during the 22-day Gaza war.

Egypts President Hosni Mubarak is not attending the summit, signallingsouring of relations between Cairo and Doha

The split between the moderate Arab countries led by traditional playersEgypt and Saudi Arabia and the rejectionist camp led by Syria and gas-richQatar became visible during the Gaza war. Syria and Qatar have beenaccused of allying with Iran and the Palestinian group Hamas as well as theLebanese Hizbollah. Turkey also supported the rejectionist camp during the

Gaza conflict, leading to the emergence of Syria, Iran, and Qatar as apowerful counterweight to the status quo imposed in the region by the U.S.-
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14/16

Serfs Emancipation Day - TibetA grand ceremony celebrating Tibets first Serfs Emancipation Day was heldin front of the Potala Palace in the Tibet Autonomous Region.

On March 28, 1959, the central government of China announced it would

dissolve the aristocratic local government of Tibet and replace it with apreparatory committee for establishing the Tibet Autonomous Region.That meant the end of serfdom and the abolition of the hierarchic socialsystem characterised by theocracy.

Tibetan legislators endorsed a bill on January 19 this year to designate March

28 as annual Serfs Emancipation Day to mark the date on which about 1million serfs in the region, accounting for 90 per cent of Tibetan population,were freed 50 years ago.India wants Afganistan in SCOIndia has called for bringing Afghanistan into the Shanghai CooperationOrganisation to facilitate peace and progress in Afghanistan.

Prime Minister Manmohan Singhs special envoy Satinder Lambah made theproposal at an international conference on Afghanistan held in Moscow.

Afghanistans membership of SAARC and other groups such as the ShanghaiCooperation Organisation will renew and reinforce Afghanistans linkages

with the countries of the region. Afghanistan joined SAARC in 2007, but it isneither a member nor an observer in the SCO.
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15/16

India Bdesh renew Water Transit treatyIndia and Bangladesh have renewed the Protocol on Inland Water Transitand Travel for two more years. The bilateral agreement which was to expireon March 31 is for the use of waterways for commerce and keeping riverroutes navigable. The protocol, signed in 1972, is renewed every two years.

Both countries allow each other four points as ports of call to ferry goods.

CIF Chanchlani Global India award 2009Tulsi Tanti, known as the "wind man of India", has been conferred with CIFChanchlani Global India award 2009 for his pioneering work globally topromote non-conventional sources of energy.

Tanti, the founder of Pune-based Suzlon Energy which the world's fifth'slargest supplier of wind turbines, received the CIF Chanchlani Global Indiaaward 2009, instituted by Canada India Foundation

Ghazal Singer Iqbal Bano diedRenowned India-born ghazal and classical singer Iqbal Bano, who was a

household name in Pakistan, died. Ms. Bano, who was born in Delhi in 1935,studied under Ustad Chand Khan of the Delhi gharana, who was anexpert in classical and light classical vocal music.At a young age, she performed on All India Radio and later Radio Pakistan.Ms. Bano was a specialist in singing the poems of Faiz Ahmed Faiz. She sangmany songs for Pakistani films.Venu srinivasan - CII PresidentVenu Srinivasan, Managing Director of Sundaram-Clayton and Chairman-

cum-Managing Director of TVS Motor Company took over as the President ofthe Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) for 2009-10.Mr. Srinivasan
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16/16

Aishwarya Rai is Bollywood BarbieBollywood superstar Aishwarya Bachchan may soon join the ranks ofHollywood beauties like Beyonce Knowles, Elizabeth Taylor and Diana Ross,by becoming the first Indian face of the legendary doll Barbie.

The representatives for the actor are reportedly in negotiations with the toygiant, Mattel. The former Miss World will have a Barbie modelled after her,titled Bollywood Barbie,. The company, which recently celebrated Barbies50th birthday, is expecting to cash in on the popularity of the star to increaseits sales in India.

She is among the four Indian film stars to have their waxwork imagedisplayed at Madame Tussauds, the others being her father-in-law AmitabhBachchan, Shahrukh Khan and yesteryear screen diva Helen.Richest Indian - Mukesh AmbaniPetrochemicals giant Reliance Industries chief Mukesh Ambani hassnatched the title of the worlds richest Indian from NRI steel tycoonLakshmi Mittal even as both saw their fortunes dwindle to less than half in ayear, according to U.S. magazine Forbes.

With a net worth of $19.5 billion, Mukesh Ambani has been ranked seventhin the global list (down from last years fifth slot, losing more than $23billion).

He is followed by Mr. Mittal at the eighth place with $19.3 billion (down fromfourth; lost more that $ 25 billion). Seven among the top 100 are Indians.
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current affairs- apr-jun 09

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