2010 MidRangeEngines

2

0.0

0.5

0.01

US98

0.0 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12

US04

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0Global On-Highway Standards

EURO IV

EURO V

NO

x –

g/H

P-hr

Particulate – g/HP-hr

US07

US10

EURO VI

3

2007 ISB & ISC/ISL

4

Integrating Critical Subsystems

Air Handling & EGR

Electronic Controls

Fuel Systems

Combustion Aftertreatment

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Introducing the ISB6.7 & ISC8.3/ISL9

The Right Technology for 2010!

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2010 ISB6.7

Improved Combustion SystemIncreased Power DensityBest-in-class Fuel EconomyAdvanced VG TurbochargerImproved Cooled EGR Subsystem/Cooling CircuitFully Integrated Electronic ControlsNew Cummins Aftertreatment System Improved Reliability

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ISB6.7 Cooled EGRImproved EGR

Cooler Improved Cold-Side

EGR ValveImproved EGR

MeasurementNew Intake Connection forBetter EGR Mixing

ElectronicsCM2250MD withA/T, EGR/AH ControlsNew Wiring Harness

Cooling System ChangesImproved EGR

Coolant FlowCooling Circuit Rebalanced with increased flow to critical areasNew Coolant Circuit for SCR Components

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ISB6.7

Open Crankcase Ventilation

Coalescing FilterFed to Atmosphere

VGT TurbochargerImproved Coolant

Plumbing Improved EfficiencyLead Free Bearings

Combustion System

Improved Combustion System and Optimized Calibration for Lower Engine Out Particulates

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2010 ISC8.3/ISL9

Improved Combustion SystemIncreased Power DensityHeavy Duty Design- Replaceable Liners

Advanced VG TurbochargerImproved Cooled EGR Subsystem/Cooling CircuitFully Integrated Electronic ControlsNew Cummins Aftertreatment System Improved ReliabilityComparable Fuel Economy

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ISC8.3 & ISL9 Cooled EGRImproved Cold-Side

EGR ValveImproved EGR

MeasurementNew Intake Connection for Better EGR Mixing

Cooling System ChangesCircuit Rebalance for SCR System heating & coolingNew Coolant Circuit for SCR Components Electronics

CM2250MD withA/T, EGR and AH ControlsNew Wiring HarnessNew Temperature and Pressure Sensor

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ISC8.3 & ISL9

VGT TurbochargerImproved

Efficiency Combustion System

Improved Combustion System and Optimized Calibration for Lower Engine Out Particulates

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2010 MR Engine Platforms & Ratings

ISC8.3/ISL9 260-380 HPISB6.7 200-325 HP

Cummins Aftertreatment System

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Cummins Aftertreatment System

Cummins Particulate Filter

Diesel Oxidation Catalyst

Wall-Flow Filter

15

Cummins Aftertreatment SystemSelective Catalytic Reduction

(SCR) Catalyst

Decomposition Reactor

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Dosing Valve

Cummins Particulate

Filter

16

Cummins Aftertreatment System

EGR

NOxSCR ENGINE-OUT

TAIL-PIPE OUTSCRSCR

PMFilter

ENGINE-OUT

TAIL-PIPE OUT

PMPMFilterFilter

0.20.01

PM

Cummins Particulate Filter Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)Catalyst

DEF Dosing Valve

Decomposition Reactor

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Update

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What is Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)?

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) is the reactant for the SCR system- Urea is solid at room temperature- DEF is prepared by dissolving solid Urea to create 32.5% solution in purified water

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Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)

Primary reactants for DEF production:- Ammonia (NH3)- Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Raw materials used to produce NH3 & CO2 include:- Natural Gas- Coal- Other Petroleum Products

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How Much Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Will I Use?

Approximately 2% DEF consumption

Every 50 gallons of

fuel = 1 gallon of DEF

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Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Availability and Accessibility

Plastic 330 Gal Tote

Plastic 55 Gal Drum

Disposable 275 Gal Tote

Bulk

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European Pump Pricing

03/2007

Country€ / Litre $/Gal (exch 1.59)

Austria 0.44 2.65Belgium 0.52 3.13Denmark 0.51 3.07Finland 0.52 3.13France 0.43 2.59Germany 0.49 2.89Italy 0.57 3.43

Luxembourg 0.56 3.37Netherlands 0.46 2.77

Spain 0.63 3.19Sweden 0.58 3.49

UK 0.43 3.31

Pump price without tax

Average = $3.09 a Gallon

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Cost Structure for U.S. DEF

Retail Cost Structure ~ DEF Solution

Raw ~ urea

Blending

Packaging

Transportation

Retail Dispensing

U.S. DEF Cost Structure

26%

11%

17%

34%

12%

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

2008

24

Projected 2010 U.S. DEF Pricing

DEF Pump prices: - $2.50-$3.50 gallon (Fleet pricing will likely be less)

200 - 300 gallon containers (IBC’s):- $2.00-$2.50

Bulk delivery (Tanker): - Less than $2.00/gallon (Pricing will likely vary by region)

No estimate for jug pricing at this time

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DEF Infrastructure

Major investments in DEF production to serve the on-highway market are currently being made and will be in place in 2010.- Pilot has announced it will carry DEF at the pump.- Flying J, TravelCenters of America & Love’s will carry DEF, but still determining at what level.

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All Outlets

Cummins Outlets - RedOEM Outlets – GreenParts Distribution Centers (PDC) – BlueIndependent Distribution - Yellow

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How Can I Determine how Much DEF I will Use?

Example…Medium Duty

Annual miles for average truck = 20,000 miles

MPG for average truck = 10 mpg

20,000 miles / 10 mpg = 2,000 gallons diesel fuel per year

DEF usage @ 2% of fuel consumption = 40 gallons of DEF / year

40 gallons / 10 gallon tank (average size) = 4 DEF fill-ups / year

Example Only

Common DEF Misconceptions

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Myth #1 - DEF degradation will be a major problem.

As with many automotive fluids, DEF will degrade over an extended period of time.The shelf life of DEF is dependent on storage temperature and exposure to sunlight.When stored as recommended (between 11°F and 86°F), DEF shelf life will be greater than one year.For typical school bus use, that includes a period of inactivity in the summer, DEF degradation will not be an issue.

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Myth #2 – DEF is toxic.

DEF is a non-toxic, non-polluting and non-flammable substance.Poses no serious risk to humans, animals, equipment or the environment when handled properly.The product is slightly alkaline with a pH of approximately 9.0.SCR systems are designed fully compatible to DEF’s properties.

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DEF Properties

Acidic pHDEF is safe to handle and store– Non-toxic– Non-polluting– Non-flammable

When stored at extreme temperatures, neither DEF nor Urea become toxic

DEF is slightly alkaline with a pH of approximately 9

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Myth #3 – Frozen DEF will render a Vehicle Unusable.

The freezing point of DEF is 11 degrees F.

SCR system is designed to provide heating for the DEF tank and supply lines.

If DEF freezes, start up and normal operation of the vehicle is not inhibited.

DEF is not damaged or destroyed if it is frozen and is fully usable when thawed.

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Myth #4 – DEF is Difficult to Use.

Cummins will provide installation recommendations on tank size based upon EPA guidelines

DEF consumption is expected to be approx. 2% of fuel consumption dependent on vehicle operation – duty cycle, geography, rating, etc.

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Myth #5 – DEF will be difficult to find.

DEF will be readily available for customers to purchase

Cummins is working with industry partners to ensure DEF is readily available.

Cummins is working to ensure availability of DEF through our distributor and dealer network.

35

Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)

Diesel Exhaust Fluid is 32.5% strength urea water solution with high purity requirements.

The specification of Diesel Exhaust Fluid is currently defined according to the DIN 70700 and the ISO 22241-1 specifications.

Water purity: ISO grade 3, produced for example by single distillation, de-ionization, ultra-filtration or reverse osmosis.

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The 32.5% wt urea water solution provides the lowest freezing point while also maintaining the solution in constant phase.– Urea and water freeze together at 11° F so the frozen solution

has the same 32.5% wt.– When thawed, it will remain at the same concentration of urea

solution feeding the SCR system.

What happens at different concentrations of Urea:– Greater concentrations → Urea freezes before water– Reduced concentrations → Water freezes before Urea

Why 32.5% for DEF?

37

Cummins Aftertreatment System Architecture

DEF Dosing Valve sprays a fine mist of DEF into hot exhaust stream

Decomposition occurs in 3 steps within the Decomposition Reactor• Step 1: Evaporation• Step 2: Thermolysis• Step 3: Hydrolysis

Cummins Particulate Filter Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) Catalyst

38

DEF Storage

Shelf life of DEF is a function of ambient storage temperature.

ISO Spec 22241-3 details the Storage, Handling and Shelf Life minimum expectations for DEF throughout the distribution chain.

Expectations for shelf life as defined by ISO Spec 22241-3 are the minimum expectations for shelf life when stored at constant temperatures.

39

DEF Freeze Point

Freezing of DEF begins at approximately 11°F.

Once the DEF has melted, it can be used without problem. The first melted drop has the same consistency as defined in the Diesel Exhaust Fluid specification.

The SCR system is designed to provide heating for the DEF tank and supply lines which will reduce the melting time for frozen DEF.

If DEF freezes, start up and normal operation of the vehicle is not inhibited so the operator is not impacted.

40

DEF Storage & Handling Recommendations

Storage temperature below 86° F is recommended to maintain shelf life

Storage temperature above 11° F is recommended to avoid freezing

The maximum temperature of stored diesel exhaust fluid on the vehicle should not exceed 122º F

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DEF will degrade in time depending on temperature and exposure to sun light.

Stated shelf life is based on continuous exposure to heat and sunlight. - Continuous exposure is unlikely.

Concerns over ‘shelf-life’ have been over-stated.

DEF Storage & Handling Conclusions

42

DEF Quality System -API Certification

Proposed DEF quality seal.- Currently, the seal has not yet been approved.

Most likely it will feature the full name “American Petroleum Institute (API)” in a square quality seal.

In-Cylinder solution

44

Cummins Integrated Solution Advantages

Increased Power Density

Stronger Performance

Increased Reliability

Comparable Fuel Efficiency

Minimal Installation Impact

45

Disadvantages of In Cylinder Technology

Fuel Economy Significantly Compromised

Throttle Response/Driver Satisfaction Significantly Compromised

Horsepower and Power Density Significantly Compromised

Significant Increase in Heat Rejection

Complex System Integration– Higher EGR Flow

– Air Handling System

– Vehicle Cooling System

46

Disadvantages of In Cylinder Technology

Fuel Economy Significantly Compromised– 5-9% loss

– Combustion Efficiency degradation:• Higher engine pumping losses

• Increased intake & exhaust manifold pressures

• Increased Particulate Filter regenerations

47

Disadvantages of In Cylinder Technology

Horsepower and Power Density Significantly Compromised

– Deterioration of 50 – 100 hp for same displacement

– Higher EGR flow & EGR controls compromises engine performance

48

Disadvantages of In Cylinder Technology

Significant Increase in Heat Rejection

– 20% increase

– Higher EGR flow:• Multiple EGR coolers on & off engine

• Larger vehicle cooling package– Major redesign of radiator / Charge Air Cooler / Fan

systems

49

Disadvantages of In Cylinder Technology

Engine Life-to-Overhaul significantly reduced

– Higher EGR flow produces excessive acidic condensation:• Corrosion of internal engine systems

• High rate of lube oil contamination

– Negative impact on Durability

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Cummins is Ready for 2010!

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The Right TechnologyProduct for Every NeedDepend On Cummins

Our Commitment