ITALYCulture Month

Marco Bucci

CULTURAL DIVERSITY

Art, Architecture, Gastronomy,Language

HISTORY

CULTURE REGIONALISM

History of Italy

• Roman Empire

• How did it start?Julius Caesar

Italy before Rome

• Latins• Greeks• Etruscans• Sabines• Rutuli• Other tribes

Did you know?• Romans are descendants of Trojans.

Did you know?

• Romans are descendants of Trojans.• Aeneas, a prince of Troy, escaped from the

burning city of Troy and traveled through the Mediterranean Sea until he landed in the italian region called Lazio (Latium).

Aeneas flight from Troy (Federico Barocci)

Aeneas Journey from Troy to Italy

Did you know?

• Romans are descendants of Trojans.• Aeneas escaped from the burning city of Troy

and traveled through the Mediterranean Sea until he landed in the italian region called Lazio (Latium).

• He fought and defeated local tribes and started the lineage of those who built by blood and sword the Roman Empire.

Aeneas defeats Turnus (Luca Giordano)

Did you know?

• Romans are descendants of Trojans.• Aeneas escaped from the burning city of Troy

and traveled through the Mediterranean Sea until he landed in the italian region called Lazio (Latium).

• He fought and defeated local tribes and started the lineage of those who built by blood and sword the Roman Empire.

• Romulus and Remus, the twins that were breastfeeded by a she-wolf and founded Rome are descendants of Aeneas, prince of Troy.

Romulus and Remus

Senatvs Popvlvsqve Romanvs

“The Senate and People of Rome”

Roman Heritage• Engineering: buildings, roads, aqueducts

Did you know?

• Roman Laws are the base of modern Civil Law.

After the fall of Roman Empire and during the Middle Age

• Italy was invaded by barbarians and saracens.• Reconquered by the Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire).• Later, was splitted in many kingdoms.• Rise of the Maritime Republics: Venezia, Genova, Pisa and Amalfi

Renaissance – XIV to XVII century

• It’s a french word that means “Rebirth” (Rinascimento, in italian).

• A cultural movement that began in Firenze (Florence), region of Toscana (Tuscany) and later spreading to the rest of Europe.

• Educational reform based on classic humanism from Greco-Roman world. Leonardo da Vinci

The Creation of Adam, by Michelangelo

La Gioconda (Monalisa), by Leonardo da Vinci

Scientific Revolution

• Galileo Galilei, physicist, matematician, astronomer and philosopher is considered the ”Father of Modern Science”.

• Supported the heliocentric view over the geocentric model in astronomy.

Did you know?

• The modern italian language is based on Dante Alighieri’s Renaissance poems.

Divina Commedia

Baroque – XVII to XVIII century• In french, means

“extravagant, bizarre”.• More dramatic,

exuberant and fancy interpretation of Classicism.

• Strong influence of religion, triumphant power and glory.

Trionfo della Divina Provvidenza, by Pietro da Cortona

The Rape of the Sabine Women (Pietro da Cortona)

Architecture

• Like arts, it’s marked by the extravagant, luxury and the combined effects of architecture, sculpture, painting, and the decorative arts.

• At those times, south of Italy became a spanish territory.

• Carlos III of Spain became King of Napoli (Naples) and built a monumental palace like the french Palace of Versailles.

• This palace is called the Reggia di Caserta.

Did you know?

• Reggia di Caserta’s inside was used by George Lucas to shoot the Naboo Palace in Star Wars and by Ron Howard to shoot the Vatican in Angels & Demons.

Italy in the XIX century• Austrian Empire• French• Spanish• Rome (pontifical state)• Kingdom of Sardegna

Did you know?

• The same Giuseppe Garibaldi who fought in South America (Brazil and Uruguay) was one of the heroes of the italian independence.

• He was called Eroe dei Due Mondi (Hero of Two Worlds).

• The Kingdom of Italy was born in 1861 and Vittorio Emanuele II became King.

Italy in the XX century• Rise of the Fascist party.• Mussolini became prime minister.• Mussolini and Hitler signed the Pact of Steel

before the World War II.

Did you know?

• The brazilian’s Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT) were copied from the Mussolini’s Labor Laws.

13th salary Unemployment Insurance Guarantee Fund

From 1946 until today

• With the end of the World War II, the monarchy was exiled.

• Rise of the Italian Republic.

CALCIOSoccer

ROMA x LAZIO

Did you know?• Juventus FC is

considered the “Team of Italy” because it is part of the FIAT Group.

• Is affectionately called as La Vecchia Signora (The Old lady) and La Fidanzata d’Italia (The Girlfriend of Italy).

• 1/5 of italian population cheers for Juventus FC.

Why is the Italian team called ”Azzurri”?And why do they play in blue?

House of SavoiaCoat of Arms

Until 1946, Italy was a kingdom and blue was the official color of the italian noble house of Savoia.

PALESTRA ITALIA

And that’s why, in 1914, here in Brazil...

Gastronomy is Culture• Every italian region has it’s own cuisine.• Huge variety of cheese, pasta, vino etc...

Did you know?

• Parmigiano Reggiano is a typical cheese from the city of Parma, region of Reggio Emilia.

Did you know?

• Pecorino Sardo is a typical cheese made with sheep milk from the island Sardegna.

In italian:

Pecora = sheep

Sardo = from Sardegna

Did you know?• Alla parmigiana is a way to cook from the city

of Parma, using parmigiano cheese.

Did you know?

• Milanesa is a typical food from the city of Milano.

Did you know?

• Il pesto alla genovese is a typical sauce from the city of Genova.

• It’s made with basil, garlic, olive oil and pine nuts.

Did you know?• La pizza Margherita, typical from Napoli, is

named in honor of Margherita di Savoia, former Queen of Italy, and made with ingredients that represent the colors of the italian flag.

Did you know?• The tastiest tomato in the world comes from Napoli’s

region. They’re so tasty because they grow in the mineral-rich volcanic land near the mount Vesuvio.

Napoli and the mount Vesuvio

Because...

• Volcanic eruptions spit huge quantities of minerals in the land.

• This means that volcanic land is the best for agriculture.

Tomato• In italian = pomodoro• at Napoli = pommarola

Pomodoro San Marzano

Sauce

• In italian = sugo• Kinds of sugo:Sugo alla BolognesaSugo alla CarbonaraSugo alla Marinaraetc...• alla = in style

“Molho ao sugo” is redundant !!!

Italian words used in English language• Al dente = could be translated as "slightly underdone"; it's used particularly to specify the clicking consistency

of properly done pasta)• Al fresco = "fresh, cool, in a cool place". In Italian al fresco is a slang term for being in jail.• Antipasto = "appetizer“• Biscotti: from plural of biscotto = "cookie”• Calamari = "squid”• Cappuccino = "white coffee”• Espresso = "expressed", which in turn (in the sense of “rapid”, as applied to trains and drinks) derives from

the english word “express”• Gelato = "ice cream”• Latte = "milk"• Marinara = literally, “in sailor style”• Mozzarella = a kind of cheese, made with buffalo milk• Pasta = "dough”• Pizza = "reel”• Prosciutto = "ham"• Salami, plural of salame = "sausage”• Spaghetti = a kind of pasta• Spumante = "sparkling”• Sugo = “sauce”• Tortellini = a kind of pasta• Trattoria = "tavern”• Vino = “vine” • Zucchini, plural of zucchina, ="small gourd"

In resume...

• Culture is an important foundation to shape the identity of a people. A people without culture is a people without identity, without self-esteem and no pride in his history.

• Italian culture is so vast, because was made by every single city.

• Regionalism has an important role in the CULTURAL DIVERSITY of Italy.

GRAZIE !!!