CTA Spirals Progressions for English Language

Arts and LiteracyBridging and

Scaffolding Student Learning

What’s the Difference Between the 1997 Standards and the Common Core Standards?

1997 Standards

Focused on CONTENT...The WHAT

• Students will know…• Students will remember…• Students will

understand…

Common Core Standards

Focused on SKILLS…The HOW

• Career and College Readiness Skills

• Critical thinking skills - Analyze - Compare and Contrast - Show evidence - Synthesize - Create

    

  RememberingRecalling information

Recognizing, listing, describing, retrieving, naming, finding

UnderstandingExplaining ideas or concepts

Interpreting, summarizing, paraphrasing, classifying, explaining

ApplyingUsing information in another familiar situationImplementing, carrying out, using, executing

AnalysingBreaking information into parts to explore

understandings and relationshipsComparing, organizing, deconstructing,

interrogating, finding

EvaluatingJustifying a decision or course of action

Checking, hypothesizing, critiquing, experimenting, judging

CreatingGenerating new ideas, products,

or ways of viewing thingsDesigning, constructing, planning,

producing, inventing.

Bloom’s Taxonomy Updated19

97 S

tand

ards

2010 Comm

on Core Standards

Webb, 2006

The CCSS Requires Three Shifts in English Language Arts and Literacy

1. Building knowledge through content-rich nonfiction

2. Reading, writing, and speaking grounded in evidence from text, both literary and informational

3. Regular practice with complex text and its academic language

Balanced Representation of Literary and Informational Text

Grade Literary Informational

4 50% 50%8 45% 55%

12 30% 70%

2009 NAEP Reading Assessment: Distribution ofLiterary and Informational Passages

Source: National Assessment Governing Board, (2008),Reading framework for the 2009 National Assessment ofEducational Progress,http://www.nagb.org/publications/frameworks/reading2009.doc

Focus on Writing

Grade To Persuade To Explain To Convey Experience

4 30% 35% 35%

8 35% 35% 30%

12 40% 40% 20%

2011 NAEP Writing Framework: Distribution of Communicative Purposes by Grade Level

Three Big Ideas

• Literacy is everyone’s job

• Students must read complex texts independently and proficient in every discipline

• Students must write argumentative and explanatory texts in every discipline

Activity

Using the Spirals