crm planning.ppt

8/22/2019 CRM Planning.ppt

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Coastal Resource Management PLANNING SEMINAR

Ruel S. AlmonedaFisheries Resource Management Unit

Office of the Provincial Agriculturist

Province of Negros Occidental


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Objective:To provide the participants with

CRM basic planning knowledgewhich may serve as guide duringthe formulation of their

municipal/city coastal resourcesmanagement plan.


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coastalresources ?uThreatened food security

u50% of dietary protein for the nation (70% in ruralareas) comes from marine products

uNational economic lossuEconomic benefits from coastal resources in 1996

estimated at $3.5 billion, or 17% GDP

uEconomic losses from coastal resource

degradation estimated at $0.5 billion per yearuGlobal priorities

uMarine biodiversity conservation

uGlobal climate change


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Fish stocks in the Philippines today are 10%of what they were in the 1940s(World Fish Center, 2002)

Manila Bay San Miguel Bay


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MunicipalFisheries decline(BFAR 1997/2000; Bernascek 1994)


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Trends in fish catch based on PCRAOlango Island, Cebu(CRMP 1998)201816141210

86420

Use of finemesh nets

Introduction of:Sodium CyanideDynamite Fishing

February 1998Tungasan, Olango Island


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Coral reef degradation(Gomez, et al. 1994)

22.4%

Percentage

of

observations

Coral reef condition as percentage of hard coral cover

0-24.9% Poor 25-49.9% Fair 50-74.9% Good 75-100% Excellent

(85 reefs sampled)

51.7%

(FAIR)

(EXCELLENT)

(POOR)(GOOD)

2.4%

23.5%


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Mangrove Destruction(ADB 1993; WB 1989, DENR 1988)

MangroveArea

(Thousands

ofH

ectare

s)

450,000 hain 1918

288,000 hain 1970

140,000 hain 1988

138,000 hain 1993

175,000 hain 1980 ?

If the reduction of mangrovescontinue at the post-1980 rate, therewill be less than 100,000 hectares left

in the year 2030


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Destruction of fishery

habitats

Overfishing

Declining fish catch

Degradation of

watersheds/uplands

Deteriorating water quality

Our Coastal Areas an endangered environment


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Who is responsible formanaging coastal resources?

Local government units:primarilyresponsible for managing coastal

resources in municipal watersNational government agencies:

responsible for providing technical

assistance, training, monitoring andevaluating the performance of LGUs inthe delivery of basic services and the

condition of coastal resources


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Coastal resource management (CRM) is

the process of planning, implementing,

and monitoring beneficial andsustainable uses of coastal resources

through participation, collective action

and sound decision-making.

What is Coastal ResourceManagement?


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Improvement of LivingCondition of the People

CoastalResource

Management

Sustainable

Development

Food

Security

Regeneration of Depleted Marine

Resources and Degraded

Coastal Environment

Goals of CRM


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PlanningProtection

Regulatory

Enforcement

Legislation

Intergovernmentalrelations

Relations with POsand NGOs

Extension andTechnical Assistance

FISHERIES

CODE

LOCAL

GOVERNMENT

CODE

AGRICULTURE

AND FISHERIES

MODERNIZATION

ACT

LGU Mandate for CRM


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PlanningProcess of organizing ideas and

resources to make things happen

What do you want

to happen?

How do you want it

to happen?


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strike a balance between needs and

wants

reconcile individual desires with the

collective good

combine social, economic, and

environmental aims

harmonize private and public objectivesin the present time and for the future

Planning attempts to


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MunicipalityMayorVice-Mayor/SB

Municipal DevelopmentCouncil

Private SectorNGOs

Academe

MPDOMAOMENROMunicipal CRM officeMunicipal FARMCIntegrated FARMC

ProvinceGovernorVice-Governor/SPPPDOPAOPENRO-LGUProvincial CRM officeProvincial Development

Council Barangay CaptainBarangay CouncilBarangay FARMC

/DeputizedFish Warden

Fisherfolk AssociationsPeoples Organization

Bantay Dagat

Barangay

National Government(central, regional, and

provincial offices)DENRBFARDILGPCGPNP-MaritimeDOSTPNRegional Development

Council

Key partners in CRMSpecial Role of the Province:

Provide CRM as a basic service to municipalities/cities through

technical assistance, training, and information management Strengthen and harmonize local policies Evaluate and validate municipal/city CRM plans and programs Serve as a broker/catalyst to link projects and programs with needs

of coastal municipalities/cities and promote CRM


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CRM ProcessParticipatory

Coastal ResourceAssessment(PCRA)

Habitat Assessment

Resource Mapping

Socio-economicProfiling

Participatory

Coastal ResourceManagementPlanning

Issue Identification

Vision, Mission, Goaland Objective-Setting

Indicator-Setting

Identification ofAppropriate ManagementInterventions (Programs,Strategies & Activities)

Formulation of Policies

Budgeting and Tasking

Refinement ofImplementing Structure

CRM Plan

Implementation

Project Developmentand Proposal-Making

Fund Sourcing

Implementation ofManagementInterventions

Legislation

Law Enforcement

Monitoring and

Evaluation

Identification ofImplementation Issues

Review andModification ofManagementInterventions

Refinement ofImplementationStrategies

Public Environmental Education and Community Organizing


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Participatory Coastal Resource Assessment


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A method of addressing conflicting interests

among resource-users through the delineation of

zones for specific uses

A strategy in CRM planning which allows the

different sectors who use the municipal waters to

reach a consensus in the use of the area

Coastal Zoning


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Model Zoning Plan of Municipal Waters


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B. Community and economic development- alternative and supplemental

livelihood development- community services andinfrastructures and other economicactivities

Coastal Resource ManagementProgram ComponentsA. Resource management component

- fisheries management, resourceprotection, conservation,

rehabilitation, regulation and policy


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C. Institutional Support- conflict management mechanism- individual and organizational

development- interactive learning- forums for knowledge sharing, power

sharing and decision-making- institutional building and strengthening

CRM Components . . . .


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CRM Components . . . .D. Capability Building

- people empowerment andparticipation, education, leadershipand organization


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What needs to be doneto manage coastal resources?Three critical results

needed:

1. Reduce fishing pressure

2. Stop illegal and destructivefishing practices

3. Protect critical coastalhabitats

T hi th lt ifi


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To achieve these results, specificinterventions must be implemented bythe LGU;

Critical Result 1:Fishing effort reduced to sustainable levels.

Improve licensing, permit, fee and regulationsystem for all resource users (accessmanagement).

Identify sustainable economic incentives thattarget reducing the number of municipal fishers.

Monitor changes in fish catch/unit of effort todetermine the sustainable level.


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Regulate all fish aggregating devices,artificial reefs and other types offishing gear which when used

improperly in municipal watersresult in overexploitation of fisheriesresources.

Reduce population pressure incoastal areas

Critical Result 1


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Enforce fishery laws, strengthenbantay-dagat capabilities and provide

support to prosecution.

Pass local legislation prohibiting

destructive fishing practices.

Critical Result 2:Illegal and destructive fishing practices

stopped

C iti l R lt 3


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Strictly enforce laws protecting coastalhabitats and encourage coastalcommunity participation.

Establish marine reserves to rehabilitatehabitats and increase fisheriesproduction.

Develop community-based forestmanagement agreements for sustainablemangrove resource use

Critical Result 3:Coastal habitats protected and managed


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Revert abandoned fishponds to mangroveareas and stop illegal conversion ofmangrove forests to reclamation areas andfishponds.

Monitor and regulate all shorelinedevelopment, thus minimizingenvironmental impacts of activities such as

reclamation, tourism, port and harbordevelopment, and pollution on coastalhabitats

Critical Result 3


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Fisheries Management

Habitat Management

Shoreline Management

Coastal Zoning Coastal Tourism Management

Waste Management

Enterprise and Livelihood Development

Upland/Watershed Management Legal Arrangements and Institutional

Development

CRM Management Programs


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Coastal TourismManagement should be conceived with a framework

carrying capacity

cleaning controlled

means of access

waste disposal system facilities leave natural resource as much

as possible


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Shoreline ManagementTechniques:> ban sand mining and coral

mining

> no construction> mangrove planted


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Fisheries management problems and types of strategies orinterventions applicable in the Philippines

Strengthen law enforcement

Regulate distribution of materials used for destructive

fishing methods

Educate about effects of destructive fishing

Establish sanctuaries/reserves

Use of destructivefishing methods andhabit destruction

Regulate fishing

Impose fishers license and permit

Impose a progressive tax/license on fishing vessels

Delineate protected areas

Limit fishing area

Open-access fishery

Impose a progressive tax/license on fishing vessels

Increase tax rate

Impose fishers license


Limit fishing areas

Excessive fishingefforts

Applicable Strategy or InterventionsProblems


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Fisheries management problems and types of strategiesor interventions applicable in the Philippines

Disseminate information on family planning

Provide alternative/supplemental livelihood

Overpopulation

Establish closed season for fishing

Establish sanctuaries and reserves

Biological andeconomic overfishing


Delineate municipal waters

Regulate use of fishing gears that occupy space

(permanent or stationary) in the municipal waters

Conflict among fishers

Provide alternative or supplemental livelihoodPoverty

Zone coastal area/municipal watersDevelopment activitiesin the coastal area

Community participation and education

Training

Weak law enforcement

Applicable Strategy or InterventionsProblems


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Municipal MayorNational & Provincial

Government Agencies

Non-Govt. Org.

Peoples Org.

Private Individuals &

Organizations

Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay Barangay

Municipal

Planning &

Development

Office

Municipal

Engineering

Office

Municipal

Treasurers

Office

Municipal

Social Welfare

& Development

Office

Municipal

Assessors

Office

Other

Municipal

Government

Offices

Municipal

AgriculturistsOffice

CoastalResource

Management

Section

Sangguniang

Bayan

Fisheries & AquaticResource Management

Council

MunicipalDevelopment

Council

Municipal CRM Implementing Structure


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Parts of Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring - collection of information on how the

program proceeds. It answers the question: What isactually happening?

Evaluation- scrutinizes whether the programdelivered the expected outcomes, both effects andimpacts. It answers the question: Is w hat wasexpected to happen happening?

Decision-making - determination of

the kind and extent of changes andimprovements to make in the programitself and in the implementation of theprogram. It answers the question:What should be happening now and in the future?


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The Importance of Monitoring andEvaluation in Coastal ResourceManagement

Determine the degree to which plannedinterventions are being implemented andare working

Identify areas for improvement in directions and strategies

Assess impacts of CRM plans and programs on biophysicaland socioeconomic conditions in the area

Characterize the benefits from CRM accruing to coastal

communities and society at large

Estimate returns on investments in CRM at the localgovernment level

Build community support for CRM plans and programs

Detecting Planning and Legislation Failures


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Detecting Planning and Legislation Failures

SUCCESS

Comprehensiveand

Strategic Plan

Good

Ordinances

Food Securityand

SustainableDevelopment

used to legislatewill lead to

PLANNING FAILURE

Bad PlanGood

Ordinances

Food Securityand

SustainableDevelopment

used to legislate will not lead to

LEGISLATION FAILURE

Comprehensiveand

Strategic Plan

BadOrdinances

Food Securityand

Sustainable

Development


ABSOLUTE FAILURE

Bad PlanBad

Ordinances

Food Securityand

Sustainable

Development



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Threats to Local CRMEconomic development decisions are based

on faulty cost-benefit analyses becausecoastal resources are always undervalued

both economically and ecologically Inconsistency and conflicting goals and

objectives between national and local plansand actions for CRM

Institutional memory loss and lack of continuityof CRM programs between political terms


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Issues are not going away but are betterunderstood

Evidence of over-exploitation is still growing but

not all policy makers get it!

Limiting access to marine resources is essential Communities, government and private sector must

work together

Coastal conservation is complex and requires

integrated solutions Participatory assessments and municipal

planning, MPAs, bantay dagatcan indeed work

Population growth and poverty do not make it

easier

Forces and Trends


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Comm

unityParticipation

Inform

ation

,Educatio

nandComm

unication

Data

Managem

ent

Goals

OfCRM

PLANNING

LEGISLATIONIMPLEMENTATION


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In CRM;

We dont manage theresources,

but, the man whoutilizes the

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