creating the constitution (2012)

7/27/2019 Creating the Constitution (2012)

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Creating the Constitution


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A MEETING CALLED IN PHILADELPHIA

TO FIX THE AOC IN 1787.

Problems1. No National Security

2. Poor Economy

3. Pay war debt4. Define what U.S.

govt should be


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The Constitutional Convention begins

55 Delegates met in absolute secrecy in

Philadelphia during the scorching hot summer of1787.

Delegates from all of the states were invited, only

RI didnt attend. They met in Independence Hall.

On average about 30 delegates

were there each day. James Madison was the only

delegate to never miss a day.


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Men?? George Washington was chosen as

chairman (leader) of the Convention. James Madison kept detailed notes of

the discussions and is often calledThe Father of the Constitution b/c

his plan for a new govt became theConstitution.

The men at the Convention are knownas the Framers of the Constitution.

All the participants in the Conventionwere wealthy and white males.

Many of the men were lawyers and

some were plantation owners.


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GEORGE

WASHINGTON

(CHAIRMAN)

BEN FRANKLIN

JAMES MADISON-

FATHER OF THE

CONSTITUTION

ALEXANDER

HAMILTONLeaders of the

Convention


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John Hancock

Thomas Paine

These men didnot attend

Patrick Henry


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ALL 13 STATES HAD A CONSTITUTION

USED AS A MODEL FOR FEDERAL GOVT

POWER OF GOVT SEPARATED

BETWEEN 3 EQUAL BRANCHES

(LEGISLATIVE, EXECUTIVE, JUDICIAL)

BILL OF RIGHTS FOR CITIZENS


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Proposals for a New

Government

Delegates agreed to get rid of the

AOC and create a whole new govt.

2 plans were presented by

delegates at the Convention.


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The Virginia Plan-

The 1st plan was presented by James Madisonand delegates from Virginia.

-It proposed a system ofgovt with 3 branches.

(Just like state constitutions.)

1. LEGISLATIVE (CONGRESS)- MAKES THE LAW

2. EXECUTIVE (PRESIDENT)- ENFORCES THE LAW

3. JUDICIAL (COURTS)- I NTERPRETS THE LAW

- Most of the delegates agreed with this part of the Virginia

Plan.

however


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Many delegates had a problem with how the Legislative Branch

(Congress) would be set up.

According to the Virginia Plan, Congress would have two houses

(bicameral). An upper house and a lower house.

States would get representatives (REPS) based on their population

(people).

-MOREPEOPLE=MOREREPS-MOREREPS=MOREVOTES

-MOREVOTES=CONTROL OVER LAWS PASSED

-CONTROL OVER LAWS PASSED

=CONTROL OF THECOUNTRY

The smaller states in Congress were not happy with this part of the

Virginia Plan b/c they felt the larger states would control which laws

would get passed.


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Virginia PlanProposed by big states

Lawmaking body:

Bicameral (2 Houses)

Elected by

the people

Elected by the

1st house

# of Congressmen determined by state population

Based on

Population


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*In the space provided on your Lazy

Notes, write the names of the 6

largest states and the names of the

6 smallest states.


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New Jersey PlanThe smaller states countered with the New Jersey Plan. This plan also called for 3 branches

ofgovt like the Virginia Plan. The difference was the Legislative Branch would only have 1

house (unicameral). AND each state would get 1 representative in Congress.

**1 rep=1 vote**

The large states did not approve of the NJ Plan! Why?


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Great Compromise(AKA: Connecticut Plan)To solve the debate, Roger Sherman of Connecticut came up with a

compromise plan. The Connecticut Plan combined both of the other

plans and formed a bicameral (2 house) legislative branch.


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SHOULD SLAVES BE COUNTED AS

POPULATION.

SOUTH YES NORTHNO

3/5 Compromise

30,000 people = 1 Congressman

IF SLAVES ARE COUNTED, SLAVESTATES (SOUTH) GET MORE VOTES IN

CONGRESS. FREE STATES (NORTH)

WONT LET THAT HAPPEN.


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3/5 CompromiseA compromise was reached that said

for every 5 slaves counted, 3 people

would be added to that states

population.

5 slaves

= 3 peopleDraw this


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FEDERALISTS: SUPPORTED THE CONSTITUTION B/CAMERICA NEEDED A STRONG NATIONAL GOVT TO

PROTECT, PROVIDE, AND PRESERVE JUSTICE FOR ALL.

For

John Jay

TO CONVINCE THE AMERICAN PEOPLE TO VOTE YES TO

THE NEW CONSTITUTION MADISON, HAMILTON, AND JAY

WROTE A SERIES OF 85 ESSAYS CALLED THE FEDERALIST

PAPERSTHAT PROMOTED HOW GOOD THE NEW GOVT

WOULD BE UNDER THE CONSTITUTION.


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ANTI-FEDERALISTS: SAID THE NEW GOVT WOULD BETOO POWERFUL AND TAKE AWAY THE RIGHTS OF THE

PEOPLE.

Against

THE ANTI-FEDERALISTS SAID THE NEW GOVT WOULD

TAKE AWAY INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS, STATES RIGHTS, AND

WOULD FAVOR THE WEALTHY. THEY WANTED A BILL OF

RIGHTS INCLUDED IN THE CONSTITUTION.

GEORGE MASON

FEDERALISTS: ANTI FEDERALISTS:


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FEDERALISTS:

1. Strong national government.

2. Govt controlled by wealthy,educated citizens.

3. Favorable to big business andbanks. (wealthy)

ANTI-FEDERALISTS:

1. Strong state governments.

2. Govt controlled by ordinary citizens.

3. Favorable to small farmers andworkers. (unwealthy)

Thomas Jefferson

Lets play

theopposite

game!!!Alexander Hamilton


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1. Who controlled the larger cities?

2. Who controlled the rural areas and small

farming communities?

3. Who do you think had more support

nation wide?


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The work of the convention was done by September, 1787.

The Constitution was sent to every state government to be

discussed and voted on.

Ratifying the

Constitution

9 states out of the 13 had to ratify it in order for it to becomeeffective..

The Constitution was officially ratified on June 21, 1788. (NH

made it official)

Many states said the would only ratify the Constitution if it

had a bill of rights added to it.

Delaware was the first state to approve the Constitution.

Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution in 1791.

creating the constitution (2012)

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