cps118 term project.pdf

8/10/2019 CPS118 Term Project.pdf

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Valerie ObreS T U D E N T I D # : 5 0 0 6 2 6 4 0 1

S E C T I O N 1 2

I N S T R U C T O R : I L K K A K O K K A R I N E N

V O B R E @ R Y E R S O N . C A

S U N D A Y , N O V E M B E R 3 0 , 2 0 1 4

1 1 / 3 0 / 2 0 1 4

CPS118 Term ProjectFall 2014



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Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................. 3

AQ Readings (Raw Data) ........................................................................................................................................... 4

Global AQ Average ..................................................................................................................................................... 6

Yearly AQ Average (per airport) ............................................................................................................................. 7

Yearly AQ Average (per province) ........................................................................................................................... 8Monthly AQ Average (per province) ....................................................................................................................... 9

Global Monthly AQ Average ................................................................................................................................... 10

Air Quality Index Categories ................................................................................................................................... 11

Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................................. 13

Appendix .................................................................................................................................................................... 14

*NOTE: AQ = AIR QUALITY



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IntroductionThe purpose of this project is to examine the readings of air quality at different Canadian airports. Air quality is defined as the

state of air around us. Air quality can be good or bad depending on a variety of factors. It is ideal to maintain good air quality as it isessential to life. This project analyzes one of the factors contributing to air quality which is airplane emissions. The readings of airquality at different Canadian airports has been given to be analyzed. In addition, calculations and conclusions are to be made based onthe air quality indexes. There is a motive to determine whether or not there is a correlation between the months and the air qualityindexes. This report is also used as a practical application of the course. This term project uses most of the concepts covered duringthe course and it uses the programming language of MATLAB that we familiarized ourselves with at the weekly labs. For this project,I chose to do it individually. Therefore, I was responsible for all aspects of the project.



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Air Quality Readings (Raw Data)The readings of air quality were taken at different Canadian airports in a one-year period (refer to Table 1 below).

Table 1 - Air Quality Readings in Canadian Airports

Province Airport City J F M A M J J A S O N D

ON YYZ Toronto 21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13

ON YTZ Toronto 21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23

ON YOW Ottawa 15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43

BC YVR Vancouver 17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3

BC YYJ Victoria 19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9

QC YUL Montreal 14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8

QC YQB Quebec City 22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7

AB YEG Edmonton 21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6

AB YYC Calgary 23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5

ON YQG Windsor 21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4

ON YQT Thunder Bay 20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13



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90Graph of Air Quality Readings in Canadian Airports

Month

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yyzytzyowyvryyjyulyqbyegyyc

yqgyqt

Air Quality Readings (Raw Data) Graph



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Global Average of Air QualityA global average of air quality readings for all the airports in the file was calculated. In other words, one single average was calculated

for all airports. This average was calculated to be a reading of 34.05.According the Air Quality Index Categories, all the airports in thefile have an overall moderate air quality reading. This means that the state of the air is not necessarily good or bad and has very smalleffects on the population.



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Yearly Average of Air Quality (per airport)The yearly average of air quality for each individual airport was calculated. All of the airports individually classify themselves as

being a part of the moderate category in the Air Quality Index. From this data, it is observed that Airport YEG in Edmonton, Albertahas the lowest air quality reading while Airport YYC in Calgary, Alberta has the highest air quality reading.

Province Airport City Yearly AverageON YYZ Toronto 34.75ON YTZ Toronto 35.25ON YOW Ottawa 36.08BC YVR Vancouver 33.08BC YYJ Victoria 33.58QC YUL Montreal 32.83QC YQB Quebec City 33.00AB YEG Edmonton 32.75AB YYC Calgary 37.67ON YQG Windsor 32.83ON YQT Thunder Bay 32.67



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90Graph of Month-by-Month Air Quality Readings in Various Provinces

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Month-by-Month Average of Air Quality(per province)

The month-by-month average of air quality for each province was calculated. As a whole, the provinces start off as being classified asa part of the good air quality category. However, in May, it is observed that the readings increase putting them in the moderate airquality category. When July arrives, the average air quality reading gradually increases at the low end of the poor air quality category.In August, each province hits it peak at the high end of the poor air quality category. Generally, the provinces then fluctuate back tomoderate, good and in some provinces, very good air quality.

Month-by-Month AverageProvince Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.ON 19.60 18.20 17.80 25.00 34.20 35.40 55.00 84.60 49.40 34.20 19.20 19.20

BC 18.00 16.50 21.50 22.00 34.50 38.50 55.50 85.50 48.50 31.50 22.00 6.00QC 18.00 17.50 17.50 25.00 36.50 30.50 53.50 83.50 50.50 30.50 24.50 7.50AB 22.00 16.50 16.50 24.50 38.50 32.50 51.50 81.50 52.50 32.50 48.50 5.50



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Global Month-by-Month Average of Air QualityAt the beginning of the year, the global month-by-month average of air quality starts off as having a good air quality index. However,

in May and June, good air quality turns into moderate. In the warmer months, July to September, the air quality is at its highestreading, categorizing those months as having poor air quality. These warmer months demonstrate a peak in the air quality readings.After the peak reaches, the air quality readings fluctuate back to moderate, good and then very good air quality.

Month-by-Month AverageJan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.19.45 17.45 18.18 24.36 35.45 34.55 54.18 84.00 50.00 32.73 26.00 12.18



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Global Month-by-Month Air Quality CategoriesThrough the data collected and calculated during this report, the Air Quality Index (AQI) can be used as an indicator of air quality.

Below, Figure 1 , displays the Air Quality Index (AQI) Categories. Figure 1 is interpreted as follows: If the AQI reading is below 16, the air quality is in the very good category. If the reading is in the range of 16-31, the air quality is classified as good.

If the AQI reading is in the range of 32-49, the air quality is in the moderate category. If the AQI reading is in the range of 50-99, the air quality is in poor category. If the AQI reading is above 99, the air quality is very poor.

Figure 1

It is ideal to have the lowest air quality reading as possible in order to sustain the environment. The higher the air quality reading, themore likely it is to have adverse effects on the population. From the data, the air quality categories were calculated for all the airportsfor all the months.



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Global Month-by-Month Air Quality CategoriesJan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.19.45 17.45 18.18 24.36 35.45 34.55 54.18 84.00 50.00 32.73 26.00 12.18

Good Good Good Good Moderate Moderate Poor Poor Poor Moderate Good VeryGood



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ConclusionBased on the calculations and data provided, it can be concluded that there is some fit between the months and the air quality indexes.

From January to April, the air quality index readings are classified as in the good category. The readings in those months range from16-31. For the months of May and June, the air quality index readings fall between 32-49, putting them in the moderate air qualitycategory. As summer approaches, July, August, and September have the highest air quality index readings, ranged from 50-99. Thisincrease in air quality may be due to the time of the year. Generally, during those months, many people travel for vacation. Thus,resulting in more air emissions and poorer air quality. Also, the weather contributes to the poor air quality during those months. InOctober, air quality goes back to moderate. November sees itself as having good air quality. Eventually, the air quality index readingfluctuates to very good air quality in December.

This fit applies for all airports except for Airport YYC in Calgary and Airport YOW in Ottawa . As seen in the graphs, the majority of

the airports follow the trend of gradually increasing, reaching its peak, and then gradually decreasing back to its normal in terms of airquality readings. However, instead of gradually decreasing back to a low air quality reading, Airport YYC and Airport YOW actuallyincrease in their air quality readings.

After completing this project, I can conclude that the course lectures and labs have prepared me in using this information in a practicalway. This project was fairly easy as it corresponded to everything taught during the course. If I would have to do things differently Iwould ensure that I was using the right codes. When first starting this project, I came across several miscalculations due to theimproper usage of codes. If I had to do this again, I would familiarize myself with the codes first to prevent any inaccuracies.



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Appendix

A global average of air quality readings for all the airports in the file (one single average calculated for all airports).

Script file:

clear, clc; yyz=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13]; ytz=[21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23]; yow=[15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43]; yvr=[17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3]; yyj=[19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9]; yul=[14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8]; yqb=[22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7]; yeg=[21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6]; yyc=[23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5]; yqg=[21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4]; yqt=[20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13]; gbl=[yyz ytz yow yvr yyj yul yqb yeg yyc yqg yqt]; globalavg=mean(gbl); fprintf( '\nThe global average of air quality readings for all the airports in the file is:%.2f\n' ,globalavg);

Command Window:

The global average of air quality readings for all the airports in the file is: 34.05



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The average air quality for each airport for the entire year (one average per airport).

Script file:

clear, clc; yyz=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13]; yyzavg=mean(yyz); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YYZ is: %.2f\n' , yyzavg); ytz=[21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23]; ytzavg=mean(ytz); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YTZ is: %.2f\n' , ytzavg); yow=[15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43]; yowavg=mean(yow); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YOW is: %.2f\n' , yowavg); yvr=[17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3];

yvravg=mean(yvr); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YVR is: %.2f\n' , yvravg); yyj=[19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9]; yyjavg=mean(yyj); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YYJ is: %.2f\n' , yyjavg); yul=[14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8]; yulavg=mean(yul); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YUL is: %.2f\n' , yulavg); yqb=[22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7]; yqbavg=mean(yqb); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YQB is: %.2f\n' , yqbavg); yeg=[21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6]; yegavg=mean(yeg); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YEG is: %.2f\n' , yegavg); yyc=[23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5]; yycavg=mean(yyc); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YYC is: %.2f\n' , yycavg); yqg=[21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4]; yqgavg=mean(yqg); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YQG is: %.2f\n' , yqgavg); yqt=[20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13]; yqtavg=mean(yqt); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for airport YQT is: %.2f\n' , yqtavg);



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Command Window:

The average air quality for airport YYZ is: 34.75

The average air quality for airport YTZ is: 35.25

The average air quality for airport YOW is: 36.08

The average air quality for airport YVR is: 33.08

The average air quality for airport YYJ is: 33.58

The average air quality for airport YUL is: 32.83

The average air quality for airport YQB is: 33.00

The average air quality for airport YEG is: 32.75

The average air quality for airport YYC is: 37.67

The average air quality for airport YQG is: 32.83

The average air quality for airport YQT is: 32.67



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The average air quality for each province that has an airport in the date file for the entire year (one average per province).

Script file:

clear,clc; %YYZ, YTZ, YOW, YQG, YQT are from the province Ontario (ON).yyz=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13]; ytz=[21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23]; yow=[15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43]; yqg=[21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4]; yqt=[20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13]; ON=[yyz ytz yow yqg yqt] ONavg=mean(ON); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for the province Ontario (ON) is: %.2f\n' ,ONavg); %YVR,YVJ are from the province British Columbia (BC). yvr=[17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3]; yyj=[19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9]; BC=[yvr yyj]; BCavg=mean(BC); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for the province British Columbia (BC) is: %.2f\n' ,BCavg); %YUL, YQB are from the province Quebec (QC). yul=[14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8]; yqb=[22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7]; QC=[yul yqb] QCavg=mean(QC); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for the province Quebec (QC) is: %.2f\n' ,QCavg); %YEG, YYC are from the province Alberta (AB). yeg=[21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6]; yyc=[23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5]; AB=[yeg yyc] ABavg=mean(AB); fprintf( '\nThe average air quality for the province Alberta (AB) is: %.2f\n' ,ABavg);



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Command Window:

The average air quality for the province Ontario (ON) is: 34.32

The average air quality for the province British Columbia (BC) is: 33.33

The average air quality for the province Quebec (QC) is: 32.92

The average air quality for the province Alberta (AB) is: 35.21



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A graph combining individual data for all airports and for all months (graph from raw data – put one different color ormarker per airport).

Script file:

clear,clc; %Given data is used to create vectors that are then used in the plot %command. month=[1:12]; yyz=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13]; ytz=[21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23]; yow=[15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43]; yvr=[17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3]; yyj=[19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9]; yul=[14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8]; yqb=[22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7];

yeg=[21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6]; yyc=[23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5]; yqg=[21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4]; yqt=[20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13]; plot(month,yyz,month,ytz,month,yow,month,yvr,month,yyj,month,yul,month,yqb,month,yeg,month,yyc,month,yqg,month,yqt); title( 'Graph of Air Quality Readings in Canadian Airports' ) xlabel( 'Month' ) % x-axis label ylabel( 'Air Quality Reading' ) % y-axis label legend( 'yyz' , 'ytz' , 'yow' , 'yvr' , 'yyj' , 'yul' , 'yqb' , 'yeg' , 'yyc' , 'yqg' , 'yqt' , 'Location' , 'northwest' )



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Command Window:

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90Graph of Air Quality Readings in Canadian Airports

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A month-by month average of air quality of each province with a graph (48 averages – 12 months for 4 provinces).

Script:

clear,clc; %YYZ, YTZ, YOW, YQG, YQT are from the province Ontario (ON).ON=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13; ...

21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23; ... 15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43; ... 21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4; ... 20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13];

Monthly_ONavg=mean(ON) %YVR,YVJ are from the province British Columbia (BC). BC=[17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3; ...

19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9]; Monthly_BCavg=mean(BC) %YUL, YQB are from the province Quebec (QC). QC=[14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8; ...

22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7]; Monthly_QCavg=mean(QC) %YEG, YYC are from the province Alberta (AB). AB=[21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6; ...

23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5]; Monthly_ABavg=mean(AB) month=[1:12]; plot(month,Monthly_ONavg,month,Monthly_BCavg,month,Monthly_QCavg,month,Monthly_ABavg) title( 'Graph of Month-by-Month Air Quality Readings in Various Provinces' ) xlabel( 'Month' ) % x-axis label ylabel( 'Air Quality Reading' ) % y-axis label legend( 'ON' , 'BC' , 'QC' , 'AB' , 'Location' , 'northwest' )



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Command Window:

Monthly_ONavg =

19.6000 18.2000 17.8000 25.0000 34.2000 35.4000 55.0000 84.6000 49.4000 34.2000

19.2000 19.2000 Monthly_BCavg =

18.0000 16.5000 21.5000 22.0000 34.5000 38.5000 55.5000 85.5000 48.5000 31.500022.0000 6.0000

Monthly_QCavg =

18.0000 17.5000 17.5000 25.0000 36.5000 30.5000 53.5000 83.5000 50.5000 30.500024.5000 7.5000

Monthly_ABavg =

22.0000 16.5000 16.5000 24.5000 38.5000 32.5000 51.5000 81.5000 52.5000 32.500048.5000 5.5000

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A month-by-month average of air quality of all airports on one graph (12 averages – one per month).

Script:

clear,clc; %Given data is used to create vectors that are then used in the plot %command. month=[1:12]; All=[21 22 21 26 31 35 59 89 45 35 20 13;

21 22 18 24 32 36 58 88 46 34 21 23; 15 14 17 28 33 37 57 87 47 33 22 43; 17 15 24 21 34 38 56 86 48 32 23 3; 19 18 19 23 35 39 55 85 49 31 21 9; 14 14 21 29 36 30 54 84 50 30 24 8; 22 21 14 21 37 31 53 83 51 31 25 7; 21 18 16 25 38 32 52 82 52 32 19 6; 23 15 17 24 39 33 51 81 53 33 78 5; 21 19 15 27 38 34 51 80 54 34 17 4; 20 14 18 20 37 35 50 79 55 35 16 13];

Monthly_Globalavg=mean(All) plot(month,Monthly_Globalavg) title( 'Graph of Monthly Air Quality Readings in Canadian Airports' ); xlabel( 'Month' ) % x-axis label; ylabel( 'Air Quality Reading' ) % y-axis label;



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Command Window:

Monthly_Globalavg =

19.4545 17.4545 18.1818 24.3636 35.4545 34.5455 54.1818 84.0000 50.0000 32.7273

26.0000 12.1818

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