covalent bond bond formed by the sharing of electrons
TRANSCRIPT
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COVALENT BONDBOND FORMED BY THE SHARING OF ELECTRONS
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COVALENT BOND
Between nonmetallic elements
Formed by sharing electron pairs
Examples; O2, CO2, C2H6, H2O,
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Bonds in all the
polyatomic ions and diatomics
are all covalent
bonds
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WHEN ELECTRONS ARE SHARED EQUALLY
NONPOLAR COVALENT
BONDS
H2 or Cl2
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2. Covalent bonds- Two atoms share one or more pairs of outer-shell electrons.
Oxygen Atom Oxygen Atom
Oxygen Molecule (O2)
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WHEN ELECTRONS ARE SHARED BUT SHARED UNEQUALLY
POLAR COVALENT
BONDS
H2O
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Polar Covalent Bonds: Unevenly matched, but willing to share.
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- water is a polar molecule because oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, and therefore electrons are pulled closer to oxygen.
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ORGANIC AND BIOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
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Organic compounds are covalently bonded molecules made of Carbon and most often Hydrogen (called hydrocarbons)
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Carbon forms 4 bondsAlkanes have single bonds
onlyExamples are propane &
methaneIf arranged in a single row
then called normalAlkanes can also branch or form rings
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Alkane chemical formulas follow a pattern
The # of hydrogens =the # of carbons x 2 +2
Alkenes have at least 1 double bond ex- ethene
Alkynes have at least 1 triple bond
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Alcohols have an –OH group
Polymers are large molecules that have repeating subunits ex- cells of body, rubber, wood and plastic milk jugs