cost e ective and solar based non-toxic air conditioner using … · 2018-09-29 · cost e ective...

Cost Effective and Solar basedNon-Toxic Air Conditioner using Peltier

Module

GURUPRASAD Y K ,BALAKRISHNAN K,MURALIMOHAN B M,

Department of Information Science and EngineeringSri Venkateshwara College of Engineering

Bengaluru, [email protected],[email protected],

[email protected],

June 10, 2018

Abstract

Air conditioning is one of the major consumers of electri-cal energy which causes energy shortage. It is also one of themain causes of global warming. We know how beneficiaryair conditioner is. It increases the efficiency of human being,provide us with cool air and comfortless. Besides all theseair conditioners have some disadvantages. Humans maysuffer from headaches, nasal issues etc. In extreme casespneumonia and asthma attacks can also develop. These airconditioners dont affect only humans but also they indeedcontribute to greenhouse effect. So the best way to get rid ofthis is by making use of natural resource rather than usingelectrical energy. So the best alternate is thermal energywhich uses peltier effect which has the ability of coolingthe specific area. This model doesnt need any compressor,primer moving parts etc. The main objective of this project

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International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 120 No. 6 2018, 6563-6571ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/

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is to deliver a low cost air conditioning system which workson peltier module that can be used at remote areas wherepeople cannot afford high cost air conditioning system.

Key Words: Warming, Peltier, Thermal energy.

1 Introduction

In the present century electricity crisis is the main problem. Asliving standards of people is increasing day by day, the use of airconditioners is also increasing simultaneously. So to get rid offthis problem we need to make use of an alternative in the placeof electrical energy. In this peltier will be used to eliminate thegreenhouse gases. Experimental analysis includes the monitoringof the cooling down the environment to achieve the desired tem-perature. This model doesnt require any compressor, expansionvalves, heat pumps or any fluids. Nowadays thermoelectric coolinghas found wide applications in medical field, electronic applicationsand other areas where high precision temperature is essential. Thissystem is 100% eco friendly and it is cost effective. This moduleis also portable. We can eliminate the need for electricity and alsocontribute to the green environment. The main objective of thisproject is to deliver air conditioning system which works on peltiermodule. The main purpose is to provide air conditioning to theremote areas where expensive air conditioner cannot be affordable.

2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Air conditioner is very essential product during hot and humid tem-perature. But any existing AC consumes more electricity power.To overcome this problem the overall effective and relatively lessconventional system is needed. Hence in economic point of view aproposed system which gives the better performance with low costusing peltier module.

3 LITERATURE SURVEY

Mr Swapnil B.Patond fabricated thermoelectric module and testedfor cooling purpose. The system can be used in remote part of the

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country where load shedding is a major problem. This module isfree from maintenance and its one time investment [1]. Thermo-electric cooling is an alternate method that is found thermoelectricdevices are solid state devices in which electrons are equivalent tothe refrigerants [2]. Peltier is one of the thermoelectric deviceswhich becomes hot on one side and gets cooler on other side whenelectricity passes through it [5]. They have many features suchas they don’t have moving parts, they dont emit toxic gases, lowmaintenance and are very reliable [3]. This paper provides a criticalreview of the technology used and its applications in air condition-ing [4].

4 SYSTEM DESIGN

The system consists of a Peltier module attached to an insulatedaluminum enclosure. The Peltier module is attached to the heatsink to dissipate the heat generated during cooling process , aswitching circuit is also used to change the polarity of the currentbeing given to the Peltier module. A 12V cooling fan is fitted in theenclosure to circulate the air from inside the enclosure to its sur-roundings. LM35 temperature sensor is placed inside the enclosureto sense the temperature. The temperature sensor is connected toan LCD after interfacing to display the temperature in the enclo-sure. The air conditioner is powered by electrical energy which iscollected from power supply. The peltier is sandwiched betweenaluminum pipe and heat sinks, which produces thermal effect orcooling effect when power passed. This cools the air passing in-side the aluminum pipe and blow out the cool air. The cooling fanmounted on the heat sink throws out the excess of hot air which isgenerated by the hot side of the peltier. The only parts that useany electricity are low amp fan motors, control boards, small heatpumps that move the thermal transfer fluid from the collectors tothe chiller. This can be used at rural areas as well as cities since it isof low cost air conditioning. The thermoelectric module works elec-trically with no moving parts so they are sans support. The generalthermoelectric cooling framework is substantially littler and lighterthan a practically identical mechanical framework. Thermoelectricmodules exhibit high reliability due to their solid state construc-

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tions. But this model is of time consuming and power consuming.This cannot be used in areas where there is no electricity. Thismodel is an air conditioner which works on peltier module. Thisdoesnt have any moving parts except fans. This system is morereliable and cost effective. In this peltier element is attached to theheat sink to dissipate heat generated during thermoelectric cool-ing. The 12V fan is also attached to the heat sink to blow the coolair.LM35 temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature.

Figure 4.1: Working Process of the System

When the system starts it reads the temperature from the tem-perature sensor. If the temperature is greater than or equal to 25Vthen the fan turns off that is when the low pin is set to 1 which iscalled the normal condition or if the fan is turned on that is whenthe high pin is set to 10V which means the temperature is cooled.

5 IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 ARDUINOWITH TEMPERATURE SEN-SOR

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Figure 5.1: Arudino with temperature sensors

Connect the 5V pin to 5 Volts (5V). Connect the SIGNAL pinto ANALOG pin 0. Connect the GND pin to ground. A tempera-ture sensor is precisely what it sounds like a sensor used to gaugeencompassing temperature. This particular sensor has three pinsa positive, a ground, and a signal. This is a linear temperaturesensor. A change in temperature of one degree centigrade is equalto a change of 10 mv at the sensor output.

5.2 PELTIER WITH HEAT SINK AND FANASSEMBLY

Figure 5.2: Peltier with Heat sink and Fan assembly

The peltier module is mounted onto a heat sink and fan withthermal paste. This enhances the heat dissipation from hot surfaceto a cooler ambient. The peltier module is placed or sandwichedbetween two heat sinks and the cooling fan is attached to the coldside of peltier.

5.3 CODE ON TEMPERATURE SENSOR

int val;int tempPin = 1;void setup()//put your setup code here, to run once: Serial.begin(9600);void loop()//put your main code here, to run repeatedlyval = analogRead(tempPin);float mv = ( val/1024.0)*5000;

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float cel = mv/10;float farh = (cel*9)/5 + 32;Serial.print(”Temparature in cel ”);Serial.print(cel);Serial.println();delay(1000);

6 RESULT ANALYSIS

The below snapshots indicates the Connection of peltier and fanwith bread board and connected to power supply. Test cases wereanalyzed and it was recorded that using peltier module tempera-ture of 2 to 4 degree Celsius was reduced from room temperatureaccording to time constraints.

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7 CONCLUSION

The overall model acts as cooler, heat pumps and power generator.The main components used to run this module are peltier, heatsinks, cooling fan, arduino board, and aluminum pipe and temper-ature sensors. These components are assembled and mounted onaluminum pipe with the desired circuit connections. The moduleis made to work automatically with the help of code using an ar-duino board. This system was targeted as an AC and temperatureof the cooler air should be lowered from ambient. An idea of AC isbased on peltier effect; it generates a heat that transfer and tem-perature difference across the ceramic substances that causes thehot on one part of the peltier module and cold on other side of thepeltier module by consuming electricity. This device was discoveredto have ample precision and total heat transfer capabilities whilemeeting its accuracy requirements.

References

[1] Mr. Swapnil B. Patond, Prof. V. G. Gore paper entitled Exper-imental Analysis of Solar Operated Thermo-Electric Heatingand Cooling System. International Journal of Engineering andApplied Sciences (IJEAS) ISSN: 2394-3661, Volume-2, Issue-2,February 2015.

[2] Bansal PK, Martin A, Comparative Study of Vapour Com-pression, Thermoelectric and Absorption Refrigerator Rs. IntJ Energy Res; 24 (2): 93- 107,2000.

[3] Angrist, S.W., Direct Energy Conversion (Allyn and Bacon,Inc., Boston, MA,),1971.

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[4] Solar Refrigeration Using the Peltier Effect, by J.C.Swart,School of Electrical Engineering at the Cape Technicon.

[5] The En. Wikipedia.org/Thermo Electric Effect.

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cost e ective and solar based non-toxic air conditioner using … · 2018-09-29 · cost e ective...

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