corporate seminar

Corporate Seminar

FAA Guidance on IcingFAA Guidance on Icing

Bird StrikesBird Strikes

AirspaceAirspace

Tom EvansTom Evans

thanks to david keyser…ITthanks to david keyser…IT

FAA Icing GuidanceFAA Icing Guidance

1. In the Past FAA’s defines Icing as Moisture1. In the Past FAA’s defines Icing as Moisture and Temperature.and Temperature. 2. A violation if in a non-approved Icing2. A violation if in a non-approved Icing plane….plane…. 3. Now Ice must be present…3. Now Ice must be present… 4. No action on cautious pilots who 4. No action on cautious pilots who accidentally.. Case by caseaccidentally.. Case by case 5. Reasonable and Prudent Behavior 5. Reasonable and Prudent Behavior 6. Violations for those that have a callous 6. Violations for those that have a callous disregard for conditions …disregard for conditions … 7. “All available information”….due diligence 7. “All available information”….due diligence

Bird StrikesBird Strikes1.1. 75% of Bird Strikes Occur at or below 500 agl 75% of Bird Strikes Occur at or below 500 agl 2.2. Takeoffs and Landings account for 41% of StrikesTakeoffs and Landings account for 41% of Strikes3.3. 90% occur near airports90% occur near airports4.4. AvoidanceAvoidance: Check departure leg for flocks : Check departure leg for flocks 5.5. Climb thru 3000’ agl as quickly as possibleClimb thru 3000’ agl as quickly as possible

6.6. A 2 pound can create an impact force 2.8 tonsA 2 pound can create an impact force 2.8 tons7.7. A bird 12 to 15 # can impart 60 tons at 350kts (120,000)A bird 12 to 15 # can impart 60 tons at 350kts (120,000)8.8. Same bird 30 tons at 260 kts (52,000)Same bird 30 tons at 260 kts (52,000)9.9. Stay on the slow side of climb if birds are present .. Stay on the slow side of climb if birds are present ..

Constant Attitude.Constant Attitude.10.10. Only 20 to 30% of the strikes are reported…. Billion $ Only 20 to 30% of the strikes are reported…. Billion $

DamageDamage

AirspaceAirspace

Mostly Determined by Weather Mostly Determined by Weather

and and

Special UseSpecial Use

Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZ—Land and SeaADIZ—Land and Sea Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors

Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes

AAir ir DDefense efense IIdentification dentification ZZonesones

Land Based ADIZLand Based ADIZ

1. Can be Activated or Deactivated over geographic areas as needed.

2. Report Leaving or Entering, if too Low for Radar. 3. A position report +/- 5mins

4. Flight Plan-DVFR or IFR, two way radio Transponder----Air Filed Flight Plan

5. Authorization to deviate from the requirements..

ADIZ/FRZADIZ/FRZ

Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors


Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions

1.1. To protect persons and property in the air or on the To protect persons and property in the air or on the ground.ground.

2.2. Opens the airspace for Relief aircraft.Opens the airspace for Relief aircraft.

3.3. Normally limited to within 2,000’ agl and 3 NM radius Normally limited to within 2,000’ agl and 3 NM radius National Disasters for Humanitarians reasons.National Disasters for Humanitarians reasons. Political officialsPolitical officials Safe environment for the Space Agency.Safe environment for the Space Agency. Hijacking and only through the local ARTCC.Hijacking and only through the local ARTCC.

Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors


Low Altitude Training RoutesLow Altitude Training Routes Low level training exercise speeds in excess of 250 ktsLow level training exercise speeds in excess of 250 kts IFR designated by “IR”.IFR designated by “IR”. VFR designated by “VR”VFR designated by “VR” Military Training Routes : Military Training Routes : Below 1500’ 4 numbers - IR 1206…VR 1207Below 1500’ 4 numbers - IR 1206…VR 1207 Above 1500’ 3 numbers – IR 206… VR 207Above 1500’ 3 numbers – IR 206… VR 207 Contact Flight Service or Local authority.Contact Flight Service or Local authority. Flights permitted but use Extreme vigilance.Flights permitted but use Extreme vigilance. Flight Planning for these areas are a must. Flight Planning for these areas are a must.

Military Training RoutesMilitary Training Routes

Airspace ProblemsAirspace Problems ADIZADIZ Temporary Flight RestrictionsTemporary Flight Restrictions Low altitude Military Training RoutesLow altitude Military Training Routes Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E,Airspace under the Lateral Boundaries of B,C,D,E, Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways-Published VRF Routes: VFR Flyways- VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors Class “B” Airspace VFR Transition RoutesClass “B” Airspace VFR Transition Routes

Airspace and Weather Minimums Airspace and Weather Minimums For VFRFor VFR

Part 91.155Part 91.155– – (d)(d) “ “No PersonNo Person”” may take off may take off or land an aircraft, or land an aircraft, or or enter the traffic pattern enter the traffic pattern of an airport, under VFR, within the lateral of an airport, under VFR, within the lateral boundaries of surface areas of Class B, C, D, boundaries of surface areas of Class B, C, D, or E airspace designated for an airport-or E airspace designated for an airport-

1) Unless ground visibility is 3 SM1) Unless ground visibility is 3 SM (c)(c) When the ceiling is less than 1000’ When the ceiling is less than 1000’ Exception is a Exception is a Special VFRSpecial VFR From ATC From ATC

Lateral Boundaries of Tampa “B”Lateral Boundaries of Tampa “B”

Special AirspacesSpecial Airspaces

1.1. Flyways Flyways

2.2. VFR CorridorsVFR Corridors

3.3. VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes

4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA) Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)

5.5. National Security Areas (NSA)National Security Areas (NSA)

6.6. Prohibited P50Prohibited P50

VFR FlywaysVFR Flyways

Maybe Heavily Congested with many types of AC.Maybe Heavily Congested with many types of AC.

A General Flight Path, not a Specific course.A General Flight Path, not a Specific course. For Planning Flights into, out of, through or near “B” For Planning Flights into, out of, through or near “B” Clearance not RequiredClearance not Required Can Extend to the GroundCan Extend to the Ground Not Sterile of Traffic, VFR rules apply ….See and Avoid…Not Sterile of Traffic, VFR rules apply ….See and Avoid… ConcernsConcerns: Over flying airports with Control Towers: Over flying airports with Control Towers

VFRVFRFlywaysFlyways

VFR FLYWAYSVFR FLYWAYS


1.1. Flyways D.A.D.Flyways D.A.D.





6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50 Prohibited ( attachment) P50

7.7. ““B” “C” “D” “E” Lateral BoundriesB” “C” “D” “E” Lateral Boundries

VFR CorridorVFR Corridor

Uncontrolled Traffic-Uncontrolled Traffic-------- ------- No Clearance-No Clearance-----SFRSFR


1.1. Flyways D.A.D. Flyways D.A.D.





6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50Prohibited ( attachment) P50

VFR Transition RoutesVFR Transition Routes Accommodates VFR traffic through very heavy traffic areas Accommodates VFR traffic through very heavy traffic areas

in “B”.in “B”. Must have a clearance to enterMust have a clearance to enter A Heading, Altitude, Speed change, Squawk code, does not A Heading, Altitude, Speed change, Squawk code, does not

constitute a Clearance.constitute a Clearance. Must comply with ATC instruction and Fly the Route Must comply with ATC instruction and Fly the Route

depicted.depicted. Altitudes a must because of opposing trafficAltitudes a must because of opposing traffic Cross runways mid fieldCross runways mid field

VFRVFRTransitionTransition

RouteRoute


1.1. Flyways D.A.D. Flyways D.A.D.





6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50 Prohibited ( attachment) P50

Terminal Radar ServiceTerminal Radar Service TRSA do not fit into any of the Airspace classesTRSA do not fit into any of the Airspace classes TRSA over lies a very busy Class “D” airspace.TRSA over lies a very busy Class “D” airspace. The over lying area is class “E” from 700’ to 1200’The over lying area is class “E” from 700’ to 1200’ Voluntary.Voluntary. Highly recommended that pilots participateHighly recommended that pilots participate

TRSATRSA


1.1. FlywaysFlyways



4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)


6.6. Prohibited ( attachment) P50Prohibited ( attachment) P50

National Security AreaNational Security Area

NSA an Area for the need for increase Security and Safety of ground facilities.

Pilots are ask to voluntarily avoid flying through these areas.

Concerns: Can temporarily become a Prohibited area.

National Security AreaNational Security Area


1.1. FlywaysFlyways



4.4. Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)Terminal Radar Services (TRSA)


6.6. Prohibited P 50 Prohibited P 50

Prohibited P-40Prohibited P-40

““EE” Airspace” Airspace

SixSix Types of “ Types of “EE” Airspace” AirspaceLess than 10,000’-3sm..500 below, 1,000 above, 2000’ horizontalLess than 10,000’-3sm..500 below, 1,000 above, 2000’ horizontal

1.1. Surface Area Designated for an Surface Area Designated for an AirportAirport

Understanding AWOS & Understanding AWOS & ASOSASOS

ASOS ASOS Automated Surface Observation SystemAutomated Surface Observation System

Weather TextWeather Text

ASOS

AWOS

Florida’s Surface Class “E”Florida’s Surface Class “E”

When Towers Close “C” or “D”When Towers Close “C” or “D”

Lakeland Tower Lakeland Tower

VsVs

St Pete/ClearwaterSt Pete/Clearwater

Class E AirspaceClass E Airspace

Gainesville RegionalGainesville Regional

Sarasota/Bradenton INTL “C”Sarasota/Bradenton INTL “C”

Hot Spots FloridaHot Spots Florida

Daytona Bch Int.- Daytona Bch Int.- Twy W to S turningTwy W to S turning on to Runwayon to Runway..

Miami Intl.-multiple intersections Miami Intl.-multiple intersections closely spaced.closely spaced.

This Has Been An Airspace Review This Has Been An Airspace Review But Not in It’s EntiretyBut Not in It’s Entirety

Please Drive and Fly Safety Please Drive and Fly Safety And Appreciate and Help Each OtherAnd Appreciate and Help Each Other

Difference between Upwind and Difference between Upwind and Departure legs.Departure legs.

Self-Announce Position and/or IntentionsSelf-Announce Position and/or Intentions

Pilots stating Pilots stating ”Traffic in the area, ”Traffic in the area, please advise” please advise” is not recognized Self-is not recognized Self-Announce Position and /or intention Announce Position and /or intention phase and should phase and should not be used not be used under any condition..under any condition..

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