Cornell Notes:World History: Unit 6: Title

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Reform in Great Reform in Great BritainBritain

The Luddites: 1811-1816

The Luddites: 1811-1816

Attacks on the “frames” [power looms].Attacks on the “frames” [power looms].

The Luddite TriangleThe Luddite Triangle

Ideas: Utilitarianism Individual FreedomIndividual Freedom Jeremy BenthamJeremy Bentham

““the greatest the greatest happiness for the happiness for the greatest number”greatest number”

John Stuart MillJohn Stuart Mill Votes for women & Votes for women &

working classworking class Government should Government should

help working classhelp working class

British British Soldiers Fire Soldiers Fire

on Britishon BritishWorkers: Workers: 19 dead, 19 dead,

700 wounded700 wounded

Let us die like Let us die like men, and not men, and not be sold like be sold like

slaves!slaves!

Peterloo Massacre, 1819Peterloo Massacre, 1819

Reform Act of 1832 Rotten Burroughs – Members of Parliament

not representative of population lowered property qualifications Redistributed votes in House of Commons

to represent cities

British Reform Bill of 1832British Reform Bill of 1832

Chartist Movement

1830’s Wanted …

Universal Adult Male Suffrage Salaries for Parliament Secret Ballot

The ChartistsThe Chartists

A physical force—A physical force—Chartists arming for Chartists arming for the fight.the fight.

A female ChartistA female Chartist

Impact of ChartistsImpact of Chartists

• Abolition of slavery in the coloniesAbolition of slavery in the coloniesin 1832.in 1832.

• Sadler Commission to look intoSadler Commission to look intoworking conditionsworking conditions• Factory Act [1833] – child labor.Factory Act [1833] – child labor.

• New Poor Law [1834] – indoor relief.New Poor Law [1834] – indoor relief.• Poor houses.Poor houses.

Anti-Corn League, 1848

Wanted to end tariff on imported grain—hard on factory workers

First modern protest group Demonstrations Lectures Posters pamphlets

Ireland Controlled by England &

Immigrant English Protestants Discrimination against Catholics Potato Famine 1845-50 Demand “Home Rule”

Charles Parnell 1921 – Ireland became independent

Except Northern Ireland

Education Reform Ragged Schools –

religious schools for poor

1881 – public schools & mandatory education from 5-10 years old

1918-public secondary schools

The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists The Socialists: Utopians & Marxists

× People as a society would operate and own thePeople as a society would operate and own themeans of production, not individuals.means of production, not individuals.

× Their goal was a society that benefited Their goal was a society that benefited everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few.everyone, not just a rich, well-connected few.

× Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].Tried to build perfect communities [utopias].

Queen Victoria

18 yrs old Reigned from

1837-1901Height of

British Empire

William Gladstone Liberal Prime Minister Supported social reforms

Education Anti-Poverty Suffrage

Benjamin Disraeli Conservative Prime Minister Preserve Aristocracy Supported moderate

reform

Suffragettes—Women’s Rights

Emmeline Pankhurst Demonstrations & marches When jailed went on hunger strikes Women’s Property Acts 1882 Women over 30, Right to Vote 1918

Other Reformers Fabian Society—Socialism by

gradual reform Labor Party—Trade Unions

Manchester, England 1750: 17,000 1850:300,000 2010:480,000