copa

Profitability Analysis

Profitability Analysis: Configuration Guide

ContentProfitability Analysis : Configuration Guide.....................................................................................4

1 Installation............................................................................................................................ 4

1.1 Structures...................................................................................................................... 4

1.1.1 Import Operating Concern from Source Client 000 (if necessary).........................4

1.1.2 Check and Activate Source Operating Concern....................................................5

1.1.3 Copy Operating Concern from delivery client........................................................6

1.1.4 Set Operating Concern.........................................................................................7

1.1.5 Maintain Characteristics........................................................................................8

1.1.6 Generate Target Operating Concern.....................................................................9

1.1.7 Assign controlling area to operating concern......................................................11

1.2 Master Data................................................................................................................. 12

1.2.1 Maintain Characteristic Values............................................................................12

1.2.2 Define Characteristic Derivation..........................................................................14

1.2.3 Maintain Planning Versions for Valuation............................................................17

1.2.4 Valuation.............................................................................................................18

1.2.4.1 Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets......................................................18

1.2.4.1.1 Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets......................................18

1.2.4.2 Valuation Strategies...................................................................................19

1.2.4.2.1 Define and Assign Valuation Strategy................................................19

1.3 Planning....................................................................................................................... 20

1.3.1 Initial steps..........................................................................................................21

1.3.1.1 Assign Value Fields....................................................................................21

1.3.2 Manual Entry of Planning Data............................................................................21

1.3.2.1 Define Planning Layout..............................................................................21

1.3.3 Forecast..............................................................................................................23

1.3.3.1 Maintain Forecast Profile............................................................................24

1.3.3.2 Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes..............................................................24

1.3.4 Integration Plan-Allocations CCA to CO-PA........................................................26

1.3.4.1 Plan Settlement: Receiving Version in CO-PA...........................................26

1.3.4.2 Create Plan Assessment............................................................................26

1.4 Planning Framework....................................................................................................27

1.4.1 Define Planning Levels.......................................................................................28

1.4.2 Define Planning Packages..................................................................................30

1.4.3 Define Planning Methods (Parameter Set)..........................................................32

1.5 Flows of Actual Values................................................................................................34

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1.5.1 Transfer of Billing Documents.............................................................................34

1.5.1.1 Assign Value Fields....................................................................................34

1.5.1.2 Assign Quantity Fields................................................................................35

1.5.2 Transfer of Overhead..........................................................................................35

1.5.2.1 Create Actual Assessments CCA to CO-PA...............................................35

1.5.2.2 Settlement of Production Variances...........................................................36

1.5.2.2.1 Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement.......................361.5.2.2.2 Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile............................37

1.6 Information System......................................................................................................38

1.6.1 Report Components............................................................................................38

1.6.1.1 Define Key Figure Schemes.......................................................................38

1.6.1.2 Define Variables for Reports.......................................................................40

1.6.1.3 Define Forms for Profitability Reports.........................................................40

1.7 Manually Create Profitability Report............................................................................42

1.8 Activate Profitability Analysis.......................................................................................43

1.9 Troubleshooting in CO-PA...........................................................................................44

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Profitability Analysis : Configuration Guide

1 Installation

1.1 Structures

1.1.1 Import Operating Concern from Source Client 000 (if necessary)

Use

The Operating Concern “DC00” is based on the the delivery Operating Concern S001. The first step is to copy operating concern “S001” to “DC00” using transaction “Copy Operating Concern including Customizing” (KECP).

Procedure

1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:

Transaction code KECP

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Sample Operating Concerns -> Copy Operating Concern including Customizing

2. On Import Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.

Field name Description R./O./D. User action and values Comment

SAP Template

Sample Operating Concern

R S001 (EXAMPLE OPERATING CONCERN 1)

Source Client R 000

Copy to

Target Client R YOUR CLIENT

Test Mode No Flag

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Overwrite Settings

No Flag

3. Copy (F8)

1.1.2 Check and Activate Source Operating Concern

UseCheck and activate in customizing, whether the operation concern S001 has been generated. If not, generate operating concern S001.

Prerequisite The operating concern S001 must have been transferred from client 000 to the current client.

Procedure


Transaction code KEA0

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Maintain Operating Concern

2. On Maintain Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.


Operating Concern


ENTER

3. There is yellow light in the field Status. Click the icon “Display <-> Change” and accept the caution information.

4. Click the button “Activate Data Structure” and go into Activate Data Source: Characteristic Screen. Choose icon “Activate”.

5. Click the icon “back” and accept the information “Do you wish to generate the operating concern environment?”

6. Check the light of Status. Now it turns to green.

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1.1.3 Copy Operating Concern from delivery client

Use

Prerequisite The sample operating concern S001 must have been generated.

Procedure


Transaction code KECP

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Define Operating Concern -> Sample Operating Concerns -> Copy Operating Concern including Customizing

2. On Copy Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.


Copy from

Source Operating Concern


Source Client R YOUR CLIENT

Copy to

Target Operating Concern

R DC00

Target Client R YOUR CLIENT

Data Structures Flag O

Generate Environment

Flag O

Customizing Flag O

Test Mode No Flag O

3. Copy (F8) and accept the warning information.

1.1.4 Set Operating Concern

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The Operating Concern "DC00" has to be set before defining the structures.

Procedure

1． To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:



2． Maintain the Data Structure of the Operating Concern as:

Description: BP Operating Concern

3．Maintain the attributes of the Operating Concern as:

Fiscal year: K4 (Calendar year with 4 special periods)

Local currency: CNY

4．There is yellow light in the field Status. Click the icon “Display <-> Change” and accept the caution information.

5． Click the button “Activate Data Structure” and go into Activate Data Source: Characteristic Screen. Choose icon “Activate”.

6．Click the icon “back” and accept the information “Do you wish to generate the operating concern environment?”

7． Check the light of Status. Now it turns to green.

8． Back to IMG

9． To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:

Transaction code KEBD

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Set Operating Concern

10．On Set Operating Concern screen, enter the necessary data.


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Operating Concern

R DC00

Type of Profit. Analysis

costing-based

11．Enter

1.1.5 Maintain Characteristics

Use

The characteristics of the Operating Concern represent objects or market segments that can be used as a basis for performing evaluations.

The characteristics also represent reference objects for allocating costs in Profitability Analysis. This enables source-related cost allocation at the level responsible, according to direct costs and contribution margin accounting.

The table below displays the name and meaning of the characteristic, as well as how it is used in a different application and in each company code.

NoteAdditionally to the below mentioned characteristics there are fixed characteristics existing in every Operating Concern. They are used to transfer organizational structures to the profitability analysis (e.g. company code, controlling area, plant, sales organization)

Procedure



IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Structures -> Maintain Operating Concern ->Characteristics

2. On Edit Characteristic: Start – Create Characteristic screen, enter the necessary data.


Chars from Operating Concern

R DC00

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Click Button “Chang”

3. On Change Characteristic Overview screen, choose icon “create”. On Pop up window Create Chr: Assignment enter the necessary data.

Choose user-defined fields, enter the necessary data:


Char. Key of the characteristic

R e.g. WWPG1

With own value maintenance

R Flag

“Create” Icon

On Edit Characteristic screen, enter the necessary data.


Description R e.g.Product Hierarchy 1

Short text R e.g. Prod.Hier1

Heading R e.g. Product Hierarchy 1

Data type/length

R e.g. NUMC / 5

5. Save and activate using the icons

The following Characteristics should be created:

Charact. Description Short Text Dtype Lngth Origin Table Origin Field

WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1 Prod.Hier1 NUMC 5

WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2 Prod.Hier2 NUMC 10

1.1.6 Generate Target Operating Concern

Use

The Operating Concern "DC00" is defined by means of attributes and data structures.

The controlling area DC00 is assigned to the Operating Concern DC00. The characteristics and value fields represent data structures or master data for the Operating Concern.

If the operating concern DC00 has the green lights in “Environ.” screen, then ignore this step.

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Procedure




2. On Maintain Operating Concern – Data Structures screen, check the following data.


Use Icon “Display <-> Change”

Description BP Operating Concern

Use Button “Change Data Structure”

3. On Chars tab, transfer the following fields from right to left:

Characteristic Description

WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1


If the fields are already in the left side, please skip this step.

Go to Value Fields tab, transfer the following fields from right to left:

Value Fields Description

KWMKDP Marketing division

KWFOEN Research & Developmt

KWABLG Lot size variances

KWABMG Quantity variances

KWABPR Price variances

KWABSG Other variances

KWABST Resource-usage var.

If the fields are already in the left side, please skip this step.

Press Icon “Activate”, Green arrow back and accept the information to generate the operating concern.

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4. On Maintain Operating Concern – Attribute screen, check the following data.


Use Icon “Display <-> Change”

Operating concern currency

Choice of Currency

R CNY

Fiscal year variant

Calendar year, 4 spec. periods

R K4

5. On Maintain Operating Concern – Environment screen, check the necessary data.


Use Icon Cross Client Part “Status” to generate

R Make sure the light is green

Use Icon Client-specific Part “Status” to generate

R Make sure the light is green

1.1.7 Assign controlling area to operating concern

Use

In this activity, you allocate the controlling areas that you want to be able to analyze together in Profitability Analysis to an operating concern.

Procedure 1. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:

Transaction Code KEKK

IMG Menu Enterprise Structure Assignment Controlling Assign controlling area to operating concern

2. Make the following entries:

COAr OpCo

BP01 DC00

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sapevent:DOCU_LINK/DS:SIMG.SIMG_CFMENUSAPCKEP8

sapevent:DOCU_LINK/DS:SIMG.SIMG_CFMENUSAPCOX06


Result Operating Concern (DC00) is assigned to the controlling area (BP01)

1.2 Master Data

UseIn this step you make all the basic settings that determine the basic structure and contents of Profitability Analysis in your system.

In short, you need to define the following:

How the relevant segments of your organization are to be created (so-called "profitabilty segments"). You can do this using the characteristic derivation function.

What values should be determined automatically by means of valuation. You can do this using the valuation functions.

1.2.1 Maintain Characteristic Values

Procedure


Transaction code KES1

Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Master Data -> Characteristic Values -> Maintain Characteristic Values

2. On Change Characteristic Values screen, enter the necessary data.


Select the characteristic which needs to be maintained

Icon “New entries”

Characteristics in Chinese (Log on using ZH as language)

1 WWPG1 产品层次 01

2 WWPG2 产品层次 02

产品层次 01 (WWPG1)

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sapevent:DOCU_LINK/DS:GLOS.valuation

sapevent:DOCU_LINK/DS:GLOS.derivation


00001 自产食品00002 外买食品

产品层次 02 (WWPG2)

0000100001 糕点面包

0000100002 速冻蔬菜

0000100003 加工食品0000200001 易腐食品

0000200002 不易腐食品

0000200003 饮料

Characteristics in English (Log on using EN as language)

1 WWPG1 Product Hierarchy 1

2 WWPG2 Product Hierarchy 2

Product Hierarchy 1 (WWPG1)

00001 Food Product00002 Food Trading

Product Hierarchy 2 (WWPG2)

0000100001 Pastries, Bread

0000100002 Frozen vegetables

0000100003 Prepared food

0000200001 Perishable Food

0000200002 Non-perishable Food

0000200003 Beverages


Transaction code V/76

Menu IMG: Logistics – General -> Material Master -> Settings for Key Fields -> Data Relevant to Sales and Distribution -> Define Product Hierarchies -> Maintain: Product hierarchy

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4. On Change View “Materials: Product Hierarchies”: Overview screen, Select icon “New entries”. Maintain the following new data:

For ZH Version:

00001 自产食品00002 外买食品

And then:

0000100001 糕点面包

0000100002 速冻蔬菜

0000100003 加工食品0000200001 易腐食品

0000200002 不易腐食品

0000200003 饮料

For EN Version:

00001 Food Product00002 Food Trading

And then:

0000100001 Pastries, Bread

0000100002 Frozen vegetables

0000100003 Prepared food

0000200001 Perishable Food

0000200002 Non-perishable Food

0000200003 Beverages

1.2.2 Define Characteristic Derivation

Use In this step, you set up the derivation of characteristic values. Derivation lets you find values for certain characteristics automatically based on the known values of other characteristics, where these characteristics are logically dependent on one another.

When an operating concern is generated, the system produces a standard derivation strategy containing all known dependencies between characteristics. You can display these by choosing "View -> Display all steps".

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If you use the derivation step type "Derivation rule", some additional entry options are available:

1. Under "Maintain rule values", you enter which values in the target fields should be placed in which characteristic values of the source fields.

2.3. Under "Characteristics", you can make additional entries which, for example, make it possible

to enter a validity date for the step

In characteristic derivation the way characteristic values are located is settled. This is done for Sales and area managers, as well as the product hierarchy.

Product hierarchy

The single levels of the product hierarchy are determined from the source field material number and the corresponding field for product hierarchy in the material master. Technically it is done by a table lookup.

Prerequisites All characteristics values have been entered and operating concern has been generated successfully.


Transaction Code KEDR

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Define Characteristic Derivation

2. On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Display Strategy’ enter the necessary data:


Icon display/change

R Enter change

Icon create step R Choose ‘Table lookup’ in pop up window -> enter

Enter table name R MARA

Enter rule description

R Product Hierarchy 2 from Product number从物料号查询产品层次 2

3. For Product Hierarchy 2: On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Change Table Lookup – View Definition (Assignment of table fields to target fields)’ enter the necessary data:


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Origin R MARA

Field name R PRDHA

Icon “Characteristic derivation: Change Field Attributes”

entire field content

No flag

part of field content

Set flag X

from character position (begin at 0)

Number of characters field length

10

Name R Product hierarchy

origin R CO-PA

Field name R WWPG2

4. Save

5. For Product Hierarchy 1: On screen ‘Characteristic derivation: Change Table Lookup – View Definition (Assignment of table fields to target fields)’ enter the necessary data:


Enter rule description

R Product Hierarchy 1 from Product number

从物料号查询产品层次 1

Origin R MARA

Field name R PRDHA

Icon “Characteristic derivation: Change Field Attributes”

entire field content

No flag

part of field content

Set flag X

from character position (begin at 0)

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Number of characters field length

5

Name R Product hierarchy

origin R CO-PA

Field name R WWPG1

6. Save

Result Characteristic derivation are created

1.2.3 Maintain Planning Versions for Valuation

Use

You can use versions to create independent data groupings in planning and in actual.


Transaction Code OKEQ

IMG Menu Controlling General Controlling Organization Maintain Versions


6. General Version Definition

Version Name Record Planning data

Exclusive use

YB1 Plan version:Consumer Products

X 0

Settings in Operating Concern, select ‘Yes’ at the information and enter the following data:

Version Operating Concern

Name Exchange Rate Type

Derivation Date

Currency Type

YB1 DC00 Plan version:Consumer Products

M 2004.01.01

B0

0 DC00 Plan/actual version

M 2004.01.01 B0

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sapevent:DOCU_LINK/DS:GLOS.version


Controlling Area Settings, select ‘Yes’ at the information and enter the following data:

Controlling Area

Version Version Description

Record Planning Data

Valuation View

BP01 3 Plan version: revision 3

X 0

BP01 YB1 Plan version: Consumer Products

X 0

Setting by fiscal year

Controlling Area

Version Year Copying Allowed

Exchange Rate Type

Value Date

Integrated Planning

Version for indirect act. alloc.

DC00 YB1 2003 X M 2004.01.01

X 0

Save.

1.2.4 Valuation

1.2.4.1 Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets

1.2.4.1.1 Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets

Use

In this step you define condition types to use in Profitability Analysis (CO-PA) and CO-PA-specific costing sheets.

Procedure


Transaction Code 8KEV

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Valuation Set Up Conditions and Costing Sheets Create Condition Types and Costing Sheets

2. On screen ‘Pricing – Maintain Condition Types – Condition types´ enter the necessary data:

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Icon “Create” R Double click

Condition type

YB1S

Description BP price controlBP 价格条件类型

Access sequence

no external value

Price X set Flag

M Master acc to price control

X set Flag

3. Save

4. On screen ‘Pricing – Maintain Condition Types – Pricing procedure´ enter the necessary data:


Icon “Create” R Double click

Pricing Procedure

R YB1000

BP acc. Price Cont

Step R 10

Cntr O 00

CTyp R YB1S

From O 00

To O 00

Rqm O 00

Description O BP price control

BP 价格条件类型

5. Save

1.2.4.2 Valuation Strategies

1.2.4.2.1 Define and Assign Valuation Strategy

Use In this step, you can define your valuation strategies and assign them to a point of valuation.

The quantities transfered from the invoice are valuated with the costs calculated in the product cost estimate. If a valuation strategy calls for valuation using material costing, the system uses

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the point of valuation to control which cost estimate is read and how the cost components are assigned to value fields in CO-PA.

The Valuation is executed on 4 points in the value flow.

1. Realtime valuation of actual data

2. Manual planning

3. Automatic planning

The valuation strategy YB1 " BP Val.stand.cost estimate" enables the valuation by product cost estimate. This is done for real valuation of actual data from billing, with reference to the value field "ABSMG Sales Volume".


Transaction Code KE4U

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Master Data Valuation Valuation Strategies Define and Assign Valuation Strategy


Valuation Strategy

Val Name

YB1

BP Val.stand.cost estimate

BP 物料成本评估

YB2

BP Val. Revenue Plan

BP 计划利润

Details

OpCo Val Sq Ap CostinField name

Material Costing

DC00 YB1 10 ABSMG X

DC00 YB1 20 KE YB1000 ABSMG

DC00 YB2 10 V YB0010 ABSMG

Assignment of Valuation Strategy

OpCo PV R Ver Val Strat.

DC00 01 F YB1

DC00 03 F YB1 YB1

DC00 04 F YB1 YB2

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1.3 Planning

1.3.1 Initial steps

1.3.1.1 Assign Value Fields

Use


Transaction Code KE4M

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Initial Steps Assign Quantity Fields


OpCo Ap CTyp Field name

FKIMG Billed quantity ABSMG Sales quantity

1.3.2 Manual Entry of Planning Data

1.3.2.1 Define Planning Layout

Use

Sales planning in CO-PA is done on two levels.

Level 10: Strategic planning comprises a very high level where the sales quantity by product category is planned on a long term basis.

Level 20: Overview Planning is target setting on Overview level. This level is planned at the product hierarchy level 1.

For each planning level a form on Report Painter Basis has to be built.

Procedure


IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Manual Entry of Planning Data ->Define Planning Layout

Transaction code KE14

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2. On Report Painter: Create Planning Layouts for Sales & Profit Planning screen, enter the necessary data.


Planning Layout

R YB000

Description R Plan Sales per Category

BP 计划销售-按种类3. Enter

4. Build up the two layouts according with the Report Painter

Two planning layouts need to be created. The layouts are defined for sales organization DC00, but could be enlarged easily for more sales organizations:

Planning Layout Description

YB000 BP PLD SALES PER CAT

BP 计划销售-按种类

YB100 BP PLD SALES PER ORI

BP 计划销售-按来源

Planning Layout YB000 has the following layout.

SALES PLAN CATEGORY

Sales quantity

Revenue

. Grand Total. Total Prod. Goods . Pastries, Bread Frozen vegetables Prepared food . Total Trading . Perishable Food Non-perishable FoodBeverages

按种类计划销售销售数量收入

.

总计

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.

自产食品总计

.

糕点面包

速冻蔬菜

加工食品

.

外买食品总计

.

易腐食品

不易腐食品

饮料

Note! White fields are Entry fields only. Blue fields are calculated through Valuation.

Planning Layout YB100 has the following layout:

SALES PLAN CATEGORY

Sales quantity

Revenue

. Food Product. Food Trading. Grand Total

按来源计划销售销售数量收入

.

自产食品

.

外买食品

.

总计

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1.3.3 Forecast

1.3.3.1 Maintain Forecast Profile


Transaction Code KE1T

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Planning Aids Forecast Profile Maintain Forecast Profiles


Forecast prof. YB01

Description BP Forecast Profile

BP 预测参数文件

Forecast strat. 13

Alpha factor 0,00

Beta factor 0,00

Gamma factor 0,00

Hist. periods 3

Periods/season 0

Weighting group

1.3.3.2 Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes

Use Ratios let you simulate price and quantity changes in planning. A ratio is the quotient between two value fields, such as sales revenue divided by quantity.

The calculation type is only relevant for single ratios in manual planning, not for ratio schemes!

Which calculations are carried out (such as price = revenue/quantity, revenue = quantity * price or quantity = revenue/price) when you change one or more of these fields manually depends on a number of factors:

which of the fields are in the layout and can be entered manually

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which fields were changed

which calculation type was chosen when you defined the ratio

If you change one of the three fields and the other two either can be entered or cannot be entered or are not even in the layout the system cannot decide which of the two fields should be calculated. +n this case the calculation type determines which field should be calculated:

Value changed manually Value recalculated

Calculation type 1:Revenue PriceQuantity Revenue

Price Revenue Calculation type 2:Revenue QuantityQuantity RevenuePrice Revenue

If you change one of the fields and only one of the other two fields can be entered manually, the system assumes that it should calculate the field that cannot be entered manually, regardless of which calculation type was chosen.


Transaction Code KE1I

IMG Menu Controlling Profitability Analysis Planning Planning Aids Define Ratios and Ratio Schemes


Ratio Description Short text Numerator Demoninator Calc type

YB1 Sales Price / Quant.

销售 / 数量

Price/Quan ERLOS ABSMG 2

Ratio Scheme Text

YB10 Sales Price per Quantity Category level

BP 销售 / 数量-按种类

No. Ratio Description

1 YB1 Sales Price / Quant.

销售 / 数量

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Access Level Name


1.3.4 Integration Plan-Allocations CCA to CO-PA

1.3.4.1 Plan Settlement: Receiving Version in CO-PA


Transaction Code KEPV

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Integrated Planning -> Transfer Cost Center Planning/Process Planning -> Initial Steps -> Assign Receiver Plan Version


0 2002 YB1

YB1 Plan version: change 1 2002

0 2003 YB1

0 2004 YB1

0 2005 YB1

0 2006 YB1

0 2007 YB1

1.3.4.2 Create Plan Assessment

UsePlanned data are transferred through cycles from cost center accounting.

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Procedure To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:

Transaction Code KEU1

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Integrated Planning -> Transfer Cost Center Planning/Process Planning -> Assess Cost Center Costs / Process Costs -> Define Structure of Cost Center Assessment/Process Cost Assessment

Make the following entries:

Header:

Operating concer DC00 BP Operating Concern

Status saved

Cycle YB01

Starting date 01.01.2003 To 31.12.9999

Text BP Plan Assessm. CO-PA

CO area BP01

TF basis 1 Costing-based Profitability

Sender version 0

Receiver vers. YB1 Plan version: Consumer Products

Segments:

Name Text Sender rule Rec. ruleSender percentage Ass. CE Value Field

BP01-01BP Management 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200080 VWGK

BP01-02 BP Sales 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200100 VTRGK

BP01-03 BP Marketing 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200090 KWMKDP

BP01-04 BP R & D 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200110 KWFOEN

1.4 Planning FrameworkIn this step, you set up the initial planning screen and thereby specify the architecture to be used in planning.

The initial planning screen consists of the following elements:

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- Planning level

- Planning package

- Planning method

- Parameter set

1.4.1 Define Planning Levels

Procedure


Transaction Code KEPM

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework

Planning Framework - Overview: Edit -> Planning Levels -> Create

2. On Planning Levels: Create screen, enter the necessary data.

Field name

Description R./O./D.

User action and values

Comment

Key R 10

Description R STRATEGIC PLANNING

BP 计划销售-按种类

3. Enter

4. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen, Charact. Tab select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Period/year

Product Hierarchy 2

Record type

Sales org.

Unit Sales qty

Version

5. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen, Selection Tab enter the necessary data.

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Field name



Comment

Period/year O

Product Hierarchy 2

O

Record type O F

Sales org. O

Unit Sales qty O

Version O YB1

6. Save

7. On Planning Framework - Overview screen: Edit -> Planning Levels -> Create

On Planning Levels: Create screen, enter the necessary data.

Field name



Comment

Key R 20

Description R OVERALL PLANNING

BP 计划销售-按来源

8. Enter

9. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen Charact. Tab, select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Period/year

Product Hierarchy 1

Record type

Sales org.

Unit Sales qty

Version

10. On Planning Levels: Create – View Characteristics screen Selection Tab, enter the necessary data.

Field name



Comment

Period/year O

Product O

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Hierarchy 1

Record type O F

Sales org. O

Unit Sales qty O

Version O YB1

11. Save

1.4.2 Define Planning Packages

Procedure


Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Planning -> Planning Framework -> Set Up Planning Framework

Select Planning Level 10 -> Right Mouse Button: Create Planning Package

Transaction code KEPM

2. On Planning Package: Create screen, enter the necessary data.

Field name



Comment

Key R YB12003

Description R PLAN CATEGORIES 2003

BP 计划销售-按种类 2003

3. Enter

4. On Planning Package: Create – View Characteristics screen, select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Period/year 2003.001 – 3003.012

Product Hierarchy 2

0000100001 - 0000200002

Record type F

Sales org. Your Sales Org.

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Unit Sales qty PC

Version YB1

5. Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.



Select Planning Level 20 -> Right Mouse Button: Create Planning Package



Field name



Comment

Key R YB22003

Description R PLAN OVERALL 2003

BP 计划销售-按种类 2003

8. Enter

9. On Planning Package: Create – View Characteristics screen, select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Period/year O 2003.001 – 3003.012

Product Hierarchy 3

O 00001 - 00002

Record type O F

Sales org. O Your Sales Org.

Unit Sales qty O PC

Version O YB1

10. Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.

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1.4.3 Define Planning Methods (Parameter Set)

Procedure



Select Planning Level 10 -> Doubleclick Planning Package “YB12003” -> Select “Enter Planning Data” -> Right Mouse Button -> Create Parameter Set



Field name



Comment

Key R YB12003

Description R ENTER PLANNING DATA FOR CAT

3. Enter

4. On Parameter Set – View Settings screen, select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Layout R YB000

Currency R CNY

Distrib. profile for top down

O

Automat. Valuation

No Flag O

Zero suppression

No Flag O

Distribution key currency

R 2

Distribution key quantities

R 2

Access O

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Active No Flag O

Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.



Select Planning Level 20 -> Doubleclick Planning Package “YB22003” -> Select “Enter Planning Data” -> Right Mouse Button -> Create Parameter Set



Field name



Comment

Key R YB22003

Description R ENTER PLANNING DATA FOR BRANDS

7. Enter

8. On Parameter Set – View Settings screen, select the following parameters.

Field name



Comment

Layout R YB100

Currency R CNY

Distrib. profile for top down

O

Automat. Valuation

No Flag O

Zero suppression

No Flag O

Distribution key currency

R 2

Distribution key quantities

R 2

Access O

Active No Flag O

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Save and proceed in the same way for Year 2004.

1.5 Flows of Actual Values

1.5.1 Transfer of Billing Documents

1.5.1.1 Assign Value Fields


Transaction Code KE4I

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Transfer of Billing Documents -> Assign Value Fields


CTyp Name Val. fld Description

HD00 Freight AUSFR Outgoing freightMWST Output Tax ERLOS RevenuePI01 Inter-company Price ERLOS RevenuePI02 Inter-company % ERLOS RevenuePR00 Price ERLOS RevenueVA00 Variant Price ERLOS RevenueVA01 Variant Price ERLOS RevenueYB00 BP Complain Handling ERLOS RevenueRC00 Quantity Discount MRABA Quantity discountSKTO Cash Discount PRABA Price reductionBO03 Customer Rebate RABAT Other discountsHA00 Percentage Discount RABAT Other discountsHB00 Discount (Value) RABAT Other discountsK004 Material RABAT Other discountsK005 Customer/Material RABAT Other discountsK007 Customer Discount RABAT Other discountsK031 Price Grp/Mat.Pr.Grp RABAT Other discountsR100 100% discount RABAT Other discountsRB00 Discount (Value) RABAT Other discountsVPRS Cost VRPRS Stock value

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1.5.1.2 Assign Quantity Fields


Transaction Code KE4M


Operating Concern

Field name Name Field name Name

DC00FKIMG Billed Quantity ABSMG

Sales Quantity

1.5.2 Transfer of Overhead

1.5.2.1 Create Actual Assessments CCA to CO-PA


Transaction Code KEU1

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis ->

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Header:

Operating concer DC00 BP Operating Concern

Status saved

Cycle YB02

Starting date 01.01.2003 To 31.12.9999

Text BP Actual Assessm. CO-PA

CO area BP01

TF basis 1 Costing-based Profitability

Segments:

Name Text Sender rule Rec. ruleSender percentage Ass. CE Value Field

BP02-01BP Management 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200080 VWGK

BP02-02 BP Sales 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200100 VTRGK

BP02-03 BP Marketing 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200090 KWMKDP

BP02-04 BP R & D 1 Posted amounts 3 Fixed percentages 100 94200110 KWFOEN

1.5.2.2 Settlement of Production Variances

1.5.2.2.1 Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement


Transaction Code KEI1

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Settlement of Production Variances -> Define PA Transfer Structure for Variance Settlement


PA La Text

Y2 EN BP Production Variances

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PA PAA La Text

Y2 10 EN BP Price variances

Y2 20 EN BP Quantity variances

Y2 30 EN BP Resource-usage variances

Y2 40 EN BP Lot-size variances

Y2 50 EN BP Remaining variances

PA PAA COAr Group name VCat

Y2 10 DC00 ACC_CAZH 1





PA PAA OpCo Q F Val. fld

Y2 10 DC00 1 3 KWABPR

Y2 20 DC00 1 3 KWABMG

Y2 30 DC00 1 3 KWABST

Y2 40 DC00 1 3 KWABLG

Y2 50 DC00 1 3 KWABSG

1.5.2.2.2 Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile


Transaction Code OKO7

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Settlement of Production Variances -> Assign PA Transfer Structure to Settlement Profile


Nr. SProf. PA

1 YB01 Y2

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1.6 Information System

1.6.1 Report Components

1.6.1.1 Define Key Figure Schemes

Use

A key figure scheme is a collection of formulas used to define key figures. The individual formulas are called "elements" and can be based on single database fields as well as other elements in the same key figure scheme. All database fields are defined in each scheme and are numbered 9001 through 9999. The elements that you define can be assigned numbers from 1 through 8999.

In a formula, you can use the usual arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /) and parentheses. You can also define a formula using a function call. In addition to defining the contents of an element (formula and text), you can connect certain display parameters. For example, an element can have a specific display factor and decimal format.

In theory, you can define the necessary formulas in one key figure scheme. However, it makes more sense to define different schemes for different analysis purposes. Also, each key figure scheme should have a unified purpose. For example, you can create a key figure scheme that contains all your contribution margins.

The following example shows how you might set up different key figure schemes:

Sales managers are interested in a key figure scheme based on the figures "Sales" and "Contribution margin" that contains key figures which can be calculated on that basis, such as contribution margin / sales.

Production managers are more interested in differentiating between different types of costs (variable production costs, setup costs, etc.). The resulting ratios (key figures) are more production oriented, such as setup costs / total cost.

For each group you should define separate key figure schemes. In the solution provided by SMB Consumer Products a key figure scheme is defined to reflect the contribution margin scheme.

Procedure


Transaction code KER1

Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Report Components -> Define Key Figure Schemas

2. On Change View: key Figures Scheme: Details screen, Select Button “New Entries”, enter the necessary data.


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Operating concern

R DC00

Key figure scheme

R Y1

Medium Length Text

R BP KEY FIGURE SCHEMA

BP 事例关键值方案3. Save 4. Doubleclick “Elements of the key figure scheme”

5. Build up the following key figure scheme as follows:

Z0010 Sales volume = + Z9001 Sales quantity (ABSMG);Z0020 Gross Sales = + Z9002 Revenue (ERLOS);Z0030 Qty discount = + Z9003 Qty discount (MRABA);Z0040 Other discounts = + Z9005 Other discounts (RABAT);Z0050 Price reduction = + Z9004 Price reduction (PRABA);Z0060 OutgoingFreight = + Z9006 OutgoingFreight (AUSFR);Z0070 Stock value = + Z9012 Stock value (VRPRS);Z0090 Net Sales after Dedu = + Z9002 Revenue (ERLOS) - Z9003 Qty discount (MRABA) - Z9004 Price reduction (PRABA) - Z9005 Other discounts (RABAT) - Z9006 OutgoingFreight (AUSFR);Z0100 Price variances = + Z9017 Price variances (KWABPR);Z0110 Quantity variances = + Z9016 Quantity variances (KWABMG);Z0120 Lot size variances = + Z9015 Lot size variances (KWABLG);Z0130 Resource-usage var. = + Z9019 Resource-usage var. (KWABST);Z0140 Other variances = + Z9018 Other variances (KWABSG);Z0190 Production Variances = + Z9016 Quantity variances (KWABMG) + Z9017 Price variances (KWABPR) + Z9019 Resource-usage var. (KWABST) + Z9015 Lot size variances (KWABLG) + Z9018 Other variances (KWABSG);Z0200 Admin. overhead = + Z9010 Admin. overhead (VWGK);Z0210 Sales overhead = + Z9011 Sales overhead (VTRGK);Z0220 Marketing division = + Z9013 Marketing division (KWMKDP);Z0230 Research & Developmt = + Z9014 Research & Developmt (KWFOEN);Z0290 OVERHEAD = + Z9014 Research & Developmt (KWFOEN) + Z9013 Marketing division (KWMKDP) + Z9010 Admin. overhead (VWGK) + Z9011 Sales overhead (VTRGK);

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1.6.1.2 Define Variables for Reports


Transaction Code KE3E

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Define Variables for Reports


Appl T Field name Name of va R O Field name F T Offs Leng LengFixed value I Q Curr. Un.

KE 1 GJAHR &BISGJAHR 2 0 0 0

KE 1 GJAHR &VONGJAHR 2 0 0 0

KE 1 PERDE &BISPER 2 0 0 0

KE 1 PERDE &VONPER 2 0 0 0

La Appl T Field name Name of va Short text Description

EN KE 1 GJAHR &BISGJAHR To Fiscal Year

EN KE 1 GJAHR &VONGJAHR From Fiscal Year

EN KE 1 PERDE &BISPER To Period

EN KE 1 PERDE &VONPER From Period

1.6.1.3 Define Forms for Profitability Reports

Use

A form is used as a framework for the report in which is defined which Characteristics and Value fields are being used. The following forms as basis for the profitability reports have been created. The contribution margin scheme is based on the logic of the “Key Figures Scheme”.

Form Description

YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan

P/L计划实际差异

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Procedure


Transaction code KE34

IMG Menu IMG: Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Report Components -> Define Forms -> Define Forms for Profitability Reports

2. On Report Painter: Create Forms screen, enter the necessary data.


Forms R YB10

Description R P & L Actual vs Plan

3. Enter

4. Build up the three forms with the Report Painter

Form YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan

P&L Actual vs. Plan Actual Plan Diff. Diff. %Sales volume XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Gross Sales XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Net Sales after Dedu XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Production Variances XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. OVERHEAD XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

格式 YB10 P/L计划实际差异

P/L计划实际实际计划差异差异比

XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

.

销售数量 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

.

收入 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

.

净收入 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

.

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差异总计 XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

1.7 Manually Create Profitability Report

UseGeneral SAP Reporting is tool that allows you to create report

variants quickly and easily. The modules used for this purpose are characteristics (combinations of characteristic attributes form the profitability segment) and value fields/key figures which refer to a certain period of time in their plan/actual differentiation.

Standard reports/report tree Predefined standard reports can be stored in a report tree in SAP. The report tree must be maintained by CO-PA and can include the following report types:

Ad-hoc reports In addition to the defined standard reports, every user with authorization to use SAP Reporting can create reports within profitability analysis. Ad-hoc reports are easy to generate and provide statements on business transactions that are not specified precisely by means of a general query.Individual characteristics and value fields, as well as stored calculation rules (key figure scheme) can be accessed here.

Form reports Form reports are complex report structures that serve specific analysis purposes and that have a standardized structure and layout. They can, however, be used variably, for various periods or organizational units, for example.

As an example of a form report, reports YB10 P & L Actual vs. Plan has been created.

Procedure 17. To carry out the activity, choose the following navigation options:

Transaction Code KE31

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Information System -> Create Profitability Report

18. The reports delivered are based on the forms created:

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YB10 P & L Actual vs. Plan

19. Enter the following data

Report YB102003Text BP P & L Actual vs. Plan 2003

P/L 计划实际差异 2003Report with form xForm YB10

20. Icon “Create” in Line “Report with form”

In view “Characters” select all characters

In view “Variables” maintain the following values

Sales org. BP01 Sales Org. BP01

From Period 1 January

To Period 12 December

From Fiscal Year 2003 2003 (current year)

To Fiscal Year 2003 2003 (current year)

5. Save

Proceed in the same way for year 2004

Forms:

Form YB10 P & L Actual vs Plan

P&L Actual vs. Plan Actual Plan Diff. Diff. %Sales volume XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Gross Sales XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Net Sales after Dedu XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. Production Variances XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX. OVERHEAD XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX XXX.XXX.XXX

1.8 Activate Profitability Analysis


Transaction Code KEKE

IMG Menu Controlling -> Profitability Analysis -> Flows of Actual Values -> Activate Profitability Analysis

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COAr Year P I OpCo P

DC00 1999 2 DC00

1.9 Troubleshooting in CO-PA

Use This sections describes how to use SAPNote 446279 to fix inconsistencies in the derivation rules in CO-PA.

They might occur in case of client copies, installation of different operating concerns via BC Set with different derivation rules.

Please use the report RKEDRCHECK described in this section to check whether you have inconsistencies in you operating concern.

Procedure21. To carry out the activity, choose one of the following navigation options:

Transaction Code SA38

IMG Menu Troubleshooting in CO-PA

22. On the Screen “ABAP Execute Program” fill in the program name RKEDRCHECK and choose Execute (F8).

23. On the following screen “Characteristic Derivation: Check table”, two options are offered to the user:

Description

1. Check in all clients

2. Delete inconsistent steps

24. Choose “Check in all clients” and choose Execute (F8) to see whether you have inconsistencies in your system.

25. Choose Back (F3).

26. In case you had inconsistencies mark “Delete inconsistent steps” and choose Execute (F8).

27. Save your entries and choose Back

ResultThe inconsistencies in the derivation tables have been removed.

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copa

Documents

sender percentage

key figure

contribution

sample operating

perishable

operating

key figures

icon characteristic