WELCOMEWELCOME

NEW TECHNIQUES OF NEW TECHNIQUES OF EROSION CONTROLS ON EROSION CONTROLS ON

HILL HILL ROADSROADS

INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION Transportation contributes all round Transportation contributes all round

development of a country and hence development of a country and hence plays a vital rate towards its progress. plays a vital rate towards its progress. If the highways are not properly located If the highways are not properly located and may contribute sediments to and may contribute sediments to streams. The control of soil and water streams. The control of soil and water is basic to the protection of the road is basic to the protection of the road structure and therefore highway design, structure and therefore highway design, construction and maintenance must be construction and maintenance must be continually evaluated to minimize continually evaluated to minimize erosion and sedimentation problems erosion and sedimentation problems

MECHANISM OF SURFACE MECHANISM OF SURFACE EROSIONEROSION

Rain drops hit the slope surfaceRain drops hit the slope surface

Impact of raindrop detaches the Impact of raindrop detaches the particle of soilparticle of soil

The runoff water flowing on slope The runoff water flowing on slope surface transports the detached surface transports the detached particle and may also contribute to particle and may also contribute to furtherfurther detachmentdetachment

TYPES OF EROSION TYPES OF EROSION

WIND EROSIONWIND EROSION

RAIN EROSIONRAIN EROSION

WIND EROSION WIND EROSION Exposed slope of non-Exposed slope of non-cohesive loose and dry soilcohesive loose and dry soilLack of shelter from windLack of shelter from wind

Exposed surface with out any Exposed surface with out any protectionprotection

FACTORS CONTROLLING WIND FACTORS CONTROLLING WIND EROSION EROSION

Wind velocityWind velocity

Particle size of the material Particle size of the material exposed to windexposed to wind

Moisture content of soilMoisture content of soil

Vegetative coverVegetative cover

RAIN EROSION RAIN EROSION Rain erosion is phenomenon of transporting of Rain erosion is phenomenon of transporting of soil particle due to water action, the influencing soil particle due to water action, the influencing factors for rain water erosion arefactors for rain water erosion are

Potential of flowing water for initiating particle Potential of flowing water for initiating particle detachment detachment

Physical features ie topography, gradient, Physical features ie topography, gradient, embankment slope etcembankment slope etc

Soil erodibility governed by clay content, particle Soil erodibility governed by clay content, particle size distribution, compaction , permeability, shear size distribution, compaction , permeability, shear strength parameters etc of the soil strength parameters etc of the soil

OBJECTIVES OF EROSION OBJECTIVES OF EROSION CONTROL CONTROL

To prevent damage to land adjacent to the To prevent damage to land adjacent to the road structureroad structureTo reduce the soil loss from the land width To reduce the soil loss from the land width of road, which silts up drainage channel of road, which silts up drainage channel and pollute riversand pollute riversTo contribute to the improvement of the To contribute to the improvement of the aesthetics of the landscapeaesthetics of the landscapeTo protect and preserve the earth work of To protect and preserve the earth work of fill or cut slope, ditches and drainage fill or cut slope, ditches and drainage structurestructure

EROSION CONTROL SYSTEM EROSION CONTROL SYSTEM

TRADITION/ CONVENTIONAL METHODSTRADITION/ CONVENTIONAL METHODS

Agronomic methodAgronomic method

Non-agronomic methodNon-agronomic method NEW TECHNIQUES –ENGINEER INOVATIONNEW TECHNIQUES –ENGINEER INOVATION

Reinforced vegetationReinforced vegetation

Coir geo textilesCoir geo textiles

AGRONOMIC METHOD AGRONOMIC METHOD

Simple vegetative Simple vegetative trufingtrufing

Mulching of slopeMulching of slope

NON AGRONOMIC METHOD NON AGRONOMIC METHOD

Proper road side drainage Proper road side drainage systemsystem

Soil cement stabilizationSoil cement stabilization

Provision of aprons Provision of aprons

REINFORCED VEGETATIONREINFORCED VEGETATION

Reinforced vegetation by using geo-textiles & Reinforced vegetation by using geo-textiles & other materials improving slop stabilityother materials improving slop stability

Synthetics jute & coir used as geo-textilesSynthetics jute & coir used as geo-textiles

Geo-textiles are used for engineering applications Geo-textiles are used for engineering applications due to their long lifedue to their long life

Disadvantage is that it causes air and water Disadvantage is that it causes air and water pollution while their non biodegradibility is pollution while their non biodegradibility is responsible for increasing soil pollutionresponsible for increasing soil pollution

COIR GEOTEXTILES COIR GEOTEXTILES

Made from coconut fiber extracted Made from coconut fiber extracted from the husk of the coconut fruitfrom the husk of the coconut fruit

It is a biodegradable organic fibre It is a biodegradable organic fibre material containing cellulose and ligninmaterial containing cellulose and lignin

It gives max protection to the soilIt gives max protection to the soil

SOME NEW TRENDS SOME NEW TRENDS

SILT FENCESILT FENCECURLEX QUICK GRASSCURLEX QUICK GRASSSTEEL GROUND STAPLESSTEEL GROUND STAPLESDE WITT PROSPUN DE WITT PROSPUN LANDSCAPE FABRICLANDSCAPE FABRICPOLYPROPYLENE SAND BAGSPOLYPROPYLENE SAND BAGS

SILT FENCE SILT FENCE DurableDurable

Light weightLight weight

Easy to useEasy to use

CULEX QUICK GRASS CULEX QUICK GRASS

STEEL GROUND STAPLES STEEL GROUND STAPLES

Use to anchor your Use to anchor your landscape fabricslandscape fabrics

Each measures 6”L X Each measures 6”L X 1” W1” W

DeWitt pros pun Landscape DeWitt pros pun Landscape Fabric Fabric

Capability to stop Capability to stop weed growthweed growth

Environmentally Environmentally safesafe

Easy to useEasy to use

POLYPROPYLENE SAND POLYPROPYLENE SAND BAGS BAGS

White poly-stringWhite poly-stringtie bags are tie bags are made of wovenmade of wovenPolypropylenePolypropyleneString is String is attached toattached tothe bag.the bag.Each bagEach bagMeasuresMeasures14” W X 26” L14” W X 26” L

CONCLUSION CONCLUSION In all new construction erosion levels should be In all new construction erosion levels should be

assessed in advance and appropriate assessed in advance and appropriate protection measures are incorpoated in protection measures are incorpoated in design.design.

In case of existing structures facing erosion In case of existing structures facing erosion problems, both short term and long term problems, both short term and long term measures should be considered to ensure measures should be considered to ensure stability. For overall economy use of locally stability. For overall economy use of locally available materials should be the first choice. available materials should be the first choice. In extreme climatic conditions polymeric In extreme climatic conditions polymeric grids with root reinforcing mechanism may grids with root reinforcing mechanism may be used even though they are costlybe used even though they are costly

REFERENCE REFERENCE Azeem A and Ali A (1992) Erosion causes Azeem A and Ali A (1992) Erosion causes and control techniques for slopes of banks and control techniques for slopes of banks and cuttings, proceeding Indian and cuttings, proceeding Indian geotecnical conference 1992 ,pp;457-462geotecnical conference 1992 ,pp;457-462

Indian highways vol 32 no:6 jane 2004Indian highways vol 32 no:6 jane 2004

Coir –organic fibre geotextiles for soil Coir –organic fibre geotextiles for soil erosion control –by coir board of Indiaerosion control –by coir board of India

THANKYOU THANKYOU