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Contents

Abstract Title Presenting Author Page Monday

Kinetic Modeling of Particle Dynamics in Hˉ Negative Ion Sources - Recent progress and Open Questions - (Invited) Hatayama, Akiyoshi ··········· 1

Future Carbon Beams at SPIRAL1 Facility: Which Method is the Most Efficient?

Maunoury, Laurent ············ 2

Recent Trends in Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Sources: Enhancement of Ionization Efficiency and Spectroscopic

Resolution Schneider, Fabian ·············· 3

The Role of Space Charge Compensation for Ion Beam Extraction and Ion Beam Transport (Invited) Späedtke, Peter ················· 4

Space-Charge Compensation Measurements in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Low Energy Beam Transport

Lines with a Retarding Field Analyzer Winklehner, Daniel ············ 5

Linac4 Hˉ Ion Source Beam Measurements with a Magnetized Einzel Lens Electron Dump Midttun, Øystein ··············· 6

High Current Proton Beams Production at SMIS 37 Skalyga, Vadim ················ 7

Recent Performance of the SNS Hˉ Ion Source and Low-Energy Beam Transport System

Stockli, Martin ················· 8

First Negative Ion Beam Profile Measurements by the Diagnostic Calorimeter STRIKE Serianni, Gianluigi ············· 9

Response of Plasma in Extraction Region to Electrostatic Field Tsumori, Katsuyoshi··········· 10

Optical Observation of Reduction Structure of Hˉ Ions at Extraction Region in Hydrogen Negative Ion Source Ikeda,Katsunori ················ 11

Tuesday

Overview of Prof. Zorin’s Work on Development of ECR Ion Sources with High Frequency Gyrotron Plasma Heating

(Invited) Skalyga, Vadim ················ 13

Ion Guiding with Tapered Dielectric Capillaries for Neutron Generator Applications Ji, Qing ·························· 14

First Results of the ITER-Relevant Negative Ion Beam Test Facility ELISE (Invited) Fantz, Ursel ····················· 15

Development of the FETS and VESPA Negative Hydrogen Ion Sources at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Lawrie, Scott ··················· 16

Extracted Hˉ Ion Current Enhancement due to Cesium Seeding at Different Plasma Grid Bias Bacal, Marthe ·················· 17

Status and Operation of the Linac4 Ion Source Prototypes Lettry, Jacques ················· 18

Dependence of Beam Emittance on Plasma Electrode Temperature and Rf-power, and Filter Field Tuning with Center

Gapped Rod-Filter Magnets in J-PARC Rf-Driven Hˉ Ion Source Ueno, Akira ····················· 19

ii

Negative Ion Source by Particle-based Model Taccogna, Francesco ·········· 20

Development of a Negative Ion-based Neutral Beam Injector in Novosibirsk Ivanov, Alexander ············· 21

Development of a Novel RF Negative Hydrogen Ion Source in Conically Converging Configuration Jung, Bongki ··················· 22

A Double-Layer Based Model of Ion Confinement in ECRIS Mascali, David ················· 23

Fast Camera Studies at an ECR Table Plasma Generator Rácz, Richárd ·················· 24

Separation of Monoatomic Ions in Neutron Tubes with Hot Cathode Ion Source Polosatkin, Sergey ············· 25

Ion Source Requirements for the DAEδALUS Neutrino Experiment Alonso, Jose R. ················· 26

Quasi-Steady Carbon Plasma Source for Neutral Beam Injector Koguchi, Haruhisa ············· 27

Gold Ion Implantation into Alumina using an Inverted Ion Source Configuration Salvadori, Cecilia ·············· 28

Gas Feeding Molecular Phosphorous Ion Source For Semiconductor Implanters Kulevoy, Timur ················ 29

Development of the Ion Source for Cluster Implantation Kulevoy, Timur ················ 30

High Charge State Metal Ion Source Based on Vacuum Arc Plasma Heated by Gyrotron Radiation Yushkov, Georgy ··············· 31

Ion Angular Distribution in Plasma of Vacuum Arc Ion Source Yushkov, Georgy ··············· 32

Boron Ion Beam Generation Using Self-Sputtering Planar Magnetron Yushkov, Georgy ··············· 33

A Study on Prevention of an Electric Discharge at an Extraction Electrode of an ECR Ion Source for Cancer Therapy Kishii, Yasuto ·················· 34

Enhancement of Reliability with ECR Ion Source for Proton Therapy Kishii, Yasuto ·················· 35

Multi-Cusp Ion Source for Doping Process of FPD Manufacturing Inouchi, Yutaka················· 36

Development of Microwave Ion Source for Industrial Applications Takahashi, Noabuaki ·········· 37

Development of a High Current Hˉ Ion Source for Cyclotrons Etoh, Haruhiko ················· 38

Ion Implantation Technology and its Ion Source Sugitani, Michiro ·············· 39

Modification of Surface Profile by means of Ion-Beam Induced Expansion Effect on Crystal Materials Momota, Sadao ················ 40

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A Dual-beam Ion Source for 200keV Ion Implanter Chen, LiHua ···················· 41

Characteristics of Acetone Cluster Ion Beam for Surface Processing and Modification Ryuto, Hiromichi ·············· 42

Equipment to Detect Luminescence Induced by Cluster Ion Collision Ryuto, Hiromichi ·············· 43

Low Fragment Polyatomic Molecular Ion Source by using Permanent Magnets Takeuchi, Mitsuaki ············ 44 11

CH4-Molecule Production Using a NaBH4 Target for 11

C-Ion Acceleration Katagiri, Ken ··················· 45

EBIS for Use in Second Generation Synchrotrons for Medical Particle Therapy Ritter, Erik ······················ 46

Design Study of ECR-IPAC for Heavy Ion Radiation Cancer Therapy Inoue, Tatsuya ·················· 47

Photoconductivity of Silver-TiO2 Films Viernes, Meryll Angelica J. ······ 48

Tomsk Polytechnic University Cyclotron as a Source for Neutron Based Cancer Treatment Verigin, Dan ···················· 49

Analysis of Plasma Distribution near the Extraction Region in Surface Produced Negative Ion Sources Fukano, Azusa ·················· 50

Numerical Analysis of Atomic Density Distribution in Arc Driven Negative Ion Sources Yamamoto, Takashi ············ 51

Modeling of Neutrals in the Linac4 Hˉ Ion Source Plasma; Hydrogen Atom Production Density Profile and Hα Intensity

by CR Model Yamamoto, Takashi ············ 52

Analysis of RF Negative Ion Source by Large-scale Particle Simulation Yasumoto, Masatoshi ·········· 53

Numerical Study of the Inductive RF-discharge Initiation for the LINAC4 Hˉ Ion Source Ohta, Masatoshi ················ 54

Simple Model Consideration of RF-Plasma with Equivalent Circuit and Plasma Transport for Negative Ion Sources Nishida, Kenjiro ··············· 55

Operation and Development Status of The J-PARC Ion Source Yamazaki, Saishun ············· 56

Caesium Deposition Measurements for the Linac4 H¯ Source Oven Pereira, Hugo ··················· 57

Space Charge Compensation in the Linac4 Low Energy Beam Transport Line with Negative Hydrogen Ions Scrivens, Richard ·············· 58

RF Plasma Simulations of the Linac4 Hˉ Ion Source Mattei, Stefano ················· 59

Numerical Simulation of Electromagnetic Fields and Impedance of CERN LINAC4 Hˉ Source taking into Account the

Effect of the Plasma Lettry, Jacques ················· 60

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Plasma Emission Spectroscopy for Operating and Developing the SNS Hˉ Ion Source Han, Baoxi ······················ 61

Cancellation of the Ion Deflection due to Electron-Suppression Magnetic Field in a Negative-Ion Accelerator Chitarin, Giuseppe ············· 62

Reduction of Beam Losses and Heat Loads by Secondary Particle in MITICA Beam Source Sartori, Emanuele ·············· 63

Non-ideal Operating Conditions of SPIDER due to Thermally-Induced Deformation of Support Structure Sartori, Emanuele ·············· 64

Improvement of the Efficiency and Reliability of RF Driven Negative Ion Sources for Fusion Kraus, Werner ·················· 65

Diagnostics in a Single Element of a Matrix Source of Negative Hydrogen Ions Lishev, Stiliyan ················· 66

Basis of the Discharge Maintenance in a Matrix Source of Negative Hydrogen Ions Lishev, Stiliyan ················· 67

Spatial Distribution of Plasma Parameters in a RF Driven Negative Ion Source Lishev, Stiliyan ················· 68

Development of Time-tagged Neutron Source with Enhanced Spatial Resolution Ji, Qing ·························· 69

Installation and Commissioning of the New FNAL Hˉ Magnetron Bollinger, Dan ·················· 70

25mA CW Surface-Plasma Source of Hˉ Ions Belchenko, Yuri ················ 71

Comparative Analysis of CW Surface-Plasma Negative Ion Sources with Various Discharge Geometry Belchenko, Yuri ················ 72

Arc Plasma Generator for Atomic Driver in Steady-State Negative Ion Source Ivanov, Alexander ············· 73

Hollow Metal Target Magnetron Sputter Type RF Ion Source Yamada, Naoki ················· 74

Hydrogen Negative Ion Production in a 14GHz ECR Compact Ion Source with a Cone-Shaped Magnetic Filter Ichikawa, Tomoya ············· 75

Angular Distributions of Surface Produced Hˉ Ions for Reflection and Desorption Processes Wada, Motoi ···················· 76

Plasma Parameter Control by Combination of a Mesh Grid and a Magnetic Field Kato, Shuichi ··················· 77

Improvement of a Plasma Uniformity of the 2nd Ion Source of KSTAR NBI Jeong, Seung Ho ··············· 78

Assessment and Modification of an Ion Source Grid Design in KSTAR NB System Lee, Dong Won ················ 79

Development Progresses of RF Ion Source for Neutral Beam Injector in Fusion Devices Chang, Doo-Hee ··············· 80

Operating Characteristics of the New Ion Source for KSTAR NBI System Kim, Tae-Seong ················ 81

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Development of In-Situ Energetic Ion Injector for Magnetically Confined Plasmas using Hydrogen Storage Electrode Okamoto, Atsushi ·············· 82

Development of Ion Source for ELM-in-Divertor Simulation Daibo, Akira ···················· 83

Helicon Plasma Production and Hˉ Beam Extraction from a FET Based RF Negative Hydrogen Ion Source Ando, Akira ····················· 84

High Density Plasma Production in a RF Negative Hydrogen Ion Source with Axial Magnetic Field Generated by a

Permanent Magnet Array Oikawa, Kohei ················· 85

Development of the RF Ion Source with Multi-Helicon Plasma Injectors for Neutral Beam Injection System of VEST Chung, Kyoung-Jae ··········· 86

Effects of Discharge Chamber Length on the Negative Ion Generation in Volume-Produced Negative Hydrogen Ion

Source Chung, Kyoung-Jae ··········· 87

Study on Fulcher-α Band Spectrum Analysis Considering Non-Boltzmann Distribution in Hydrogen Negative Ion

Source Hwang, Y. S. ·················· 88

Development of Dual Frequency Antenna Inductively Coupled Ion Source for High Hydrogen Dissociation Efficiency Kim, Gon-Ho ··················· 89

Status of the Hˉ Multicusp Ion Source Development at CIAE Jia, XianLu ····················· 90

A 100s Extraction of Negative Ion Beam by Using Actively Cooled Plasma Grid Kojima, Atsushi ················ 91

Development of Negative Ion Extractor in the High-Power and Long-Pulse Negative Ion Source for Fusion Application Kashiwagi, Mieko ············· 92

Improvement of Non-uniformity of the Negative Ion Beams by Tent-shaped Magnetic Field in the JT-60 Negative Ion Source Yoshida, Masafumi ············ 93

The R&D progress of 4MW EAST-NBI high current ion source Xie, Yahong ···················· 94

Characteristics of Plasma Grid Bias in Large-scaled Negative Ion Source Kisaki, Masashi ················ 95

Hˉ Density Behavior for Positive and Negative Extraction and Bias Voltages Nakano, Haruhisa ·············· 96

Extracted Ion Current Density in Close-coupling Multi-antenna Type Radio Frequency Ion Source: CC-MATIS Oka, Yoshihide ················· 97

Preliminary Test Results of a Negative Hydrogen Ion Source with Hot Cathode Arc Discharge Zhao, Hongwei ················· 98

A Study of VUV Emission and Extracted Electron-Ion Ratio from Deuterium and Hydrogen Plasmas of a Filament-Driven

Negative Ion Source Komppula, Jani ················ 99

Fundamental Studies on the Cs Dynamics under Ion Source Conditions Friedl, Roland ··················100

Improving Efficiency of Negative Ion Production in Ion Source with Saddle Antenna Welton, Robert ·················101

vi

Improvements to the Internal and External Antenna Hˉ Ion Sources at the SNS Welton, Robert ·················102

Physics Design of the Injector Source for ITER NBI (Invited) Serianni, Gianluigi ·············103

Beyond ITER: Neutral Beams for DEMO (Invited) McAdams, Roy ················104

3D PIC Modeling of a High Power ITER-type Negative Ion Source: Impact of the Positive Ions on the Surface

Production of Negative Ions Fubiani, Gwenael ··············105

3D Numerical Simulations of Negative Hydrogen Ion Extraction Using Realistic Plasma Parameters, Geometry of the

Extraction Aperture and Full 3D Magnetic Field Map Mochalskyy, Serhiy ···········106

Long-pulse Beam Acceleration of MeV-class Hˉ Ion Beam for ITER NB Accelerator Umeda, Naotaka ···············107

Wednesday

Review of Highly Charged Heavy Ion Beam Production (Invited) Nakagawa, Takahide ··········109

Challenges of New Generation Superconducting ECR Ion Source and The Impact on Next Generation Heavy Ion

Accelerator Facility (Invited) Zhao, Hongwei ················· 110

Progress of Superconducting ECR Ion Sources at IMP Sun, Liangting ·················· 111

Enhanced Microwave Heating of Gyrotron-driven Superconducting ECR Ion Sources with Waveguide Mode

Converters Lyneis, Claude ················· 112

Metallic Beam Developments for the SPIRAL 2 Project Barué, Christophe ·············· 113

Recent Development of RIKEN 28GHz SC-ECRIS Higurashi, Yoshihide ·········· 114

Ultra-fast Intensified Frame Images from ECR Hydrogen Plasma at 2.45 GHz: Some Space Distributions of Visible and

Monochromatic Emissions Cortázar, Daniel ················ 115

Two Frequency Heating Technique at the 18 GHz NIRS-HEC ECR Ion Source Biri, Sándor ····················· 116

IFMIF Injector Acceptance Tests at CEA/Saclay: 140 mA/100 keV Deuteron Beam Characterization Gobin, Raphael ················· 117

X-ray Spectroscopy of Warm and Hot Electron Components in the CAPRICE Source Plasma at GSI Test Bench Mascali, David ················· 118

Ion Injection Efficiency Measurements on the BNL Electron Beam Ion Source with High Current Density Shornikov, Andrey ············· 119

Precision Small-Scale Electron-Beam-Ion Source Abdulmanov, Vakil ············120

MIS-1 Electron-Beam Ion Source Abdulmanov, Vakil ············121

vii

Low Electron Beam Energy Studies with Room-Temperature Electron Beam Ion Sources Schmidt, Mike ··················122

Permanent Magnet EBIS/T Systems with Bakeable Magnets Schmidt, Mike ··················123

A High-Current Electron Gun for the NSCL EBIT Schwarz, Stefan ················124

An EBIS System Planned for Rare Isotope Beams in Korea Kim, Jong-Won ················125

Numerical Simulation of Ion Charge Breeding in EBIS Kim, Jin-Soo ···················126

Numerical and Analytical Modeling of Radio Frequency Power Absorption in a Cold Plasma Spencer, Andrew ···············127

Modeling Multiple-Frequency Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating Spencer, Andrew ···············128

The Proton Injector for the Accelerator Facility of Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) Ullmann, Cathrina ·············129

Project of Test-Bench for Material Investigation Kulevoy, Timur ················130

Design of the Proton Source and the Low Energy Beam Transport Line for the European Spallation Source Mascali, David ·················131

Design and Experimental Study on a Cold-Cathode Hˉ PIG-type Ion Source Jia, Xianlu ······················132

Preparation of a Primary Argon Beam for the CERN Fixed Target Physics Küchler, Detlef ·················133

Beam Development with ECR Ion Sources for the Facility for Rare Isotope Beam (FRIB) Machicoane, Guillaume ·······134

Development of a 17.3 GHz ECR Ion Source at Louvain-la-Neuve Standaert, Laurent ·············135

Design of a Coil System to Form for a Flat Bmin Super Conducting Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Yoshida, Ken-ichi ··············136

Production of Fullerene Ions with Combination of Plasma Sputtering and Laser Ablation Yamada, Keisuke ··············137

Development Status of the 18 GHz Superconducting ECR ion source at NFRI You, Hyun-Jong ················138

Design of Plasma Chamber and Beam Extraction System for SC ECRIS of RAON Accelerator Kim, Yonghwan ················139

Application of Evaporative Cooling Technology in Super-high Power Density Magnet Bin, Xiong ······················140

A Room Temperature Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source for the DC-110 Cyclotron Efremov, Andrey ···············141

Development of a New Superconducting ECRIS for Operations up to 18 GHz at LBNL Xie, Daniel ······················142

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VENUS Production of High Intensity 48

Ca for the 88-Inch Cyclotron and other Updates Lyneis, Claude ·················143

Transverse Distribution of Beam Current Oscillations of a 14 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Tarvainen, Olli ·················144

Development of a High Temperature Oven for the 28 GHz ECR Ion Source Ohnishi, Junichi ················145

Implementation of Operator Intervening System for RIKEN 28GHz Super-Conducting ECR Ion Source Remote Control Uchiyama, Akito ···············146

Operational Test of Micro-Oven for 48

Ca Beam Ozeki, Kazutaka ···············147

Superconducting Magnet Performance for 28GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source at KBSI Won, Mi-sook ··················148

X-ray Shielding Simulation for Superconducting ECR Ion Source Won, Mi-sook ··················149

Progress of a Compact Linear Accelerator at KBSI Won, Mi-sook ··················150

The Recondensation Performance of Liquid Helium Cryostat for 28 GHz Superconducting Electron Cyclotron

Resonance Ion Source Won, Mi-sook ··················151

A Study of an Induction Heating Oven for Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Won, Mi-sook ··················152

Superconducting Magnets for the RAON ECR Ion Source Hong, In-Seok ··················153

Carbon Beam Extraction with 14.5 GHz ECR Ion Source at KAERI Lee, Cheol Ho ··················154

Control and Data Acquisition System for KAERI 14.5-GHz ECR Ion Source Chang, Dae-Sik ················155

320 kV Platform for Multi-discipline Research with Highly Charged Ions Li, Jinyu ·························156

An All Permanent Magnet ECR Ion Source for Heavy Ion Therapy Cao, Yun ························157

Light Ion Production for a Future Radiobiological Facility at CERN: Preliminary Studies Stafford-Haworth, Joshua ·····158

Enhancements for Maintenance Extension Periods at the HIT Ion Sources Winkelmann, Tim ··············159

Operation Status of the ECR Ion Source at Gunma University Souda, Hikaru ··················160

Development of a Compact ECR Ion Source for Various Ion Production Muramatsu, Masayuki ········161

20 years’ Operational Experiences of the 10GHz NIRS ECR Ion Source Fukushima, Keita ··············162

ix

The Metal Ions from Volatile Compounds Method (MIVOC) for the Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources at

HIMAC Takahashi, Katsuyuki··········163

In-beam Mössbauer Spectra of 57

Mn Implanted into Low Temperature Ar and Xe Solids Yamada, Yasuhiro ··············164

Time-Resolved Measurement System of In-beam Mössbauer Spectroscopy Coupled with 57

Mn Implantation Kobayashi, Yoshio ·············165

In-beam Mössbauer Spectroscopy of 57

Fe/57

Mn Applied to Material Science Kubo, Michael K. ············166

Status of a Compact ECR Ion Source for NIRS-930 Cyclotron Hojo, Satoru ····················167

Experiments with Biased Side Electrodes in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources Drentje, Arne ···················168

New Tandem Type Ion Source Based on Electron Cyclotron Resonance for Universal Source of Synthesized Ion Beams Kato, Yushi ·····················169

Controlling Precise Magnetic Field Configuration around ECR Zone for Enhancing Plasma Parameters and Beam

Current Yano, Keisuke ··················170

Electron Energy Distribution Function by Using Probe Method in ECR Multicharged Ion Source Kumakura, Sho ·················171

Enhanced Production of ECR Plasma by Exciting Selective Microwave Mode on a Large Bore ECRIS with Permanent

Magnets Kimura, Daiju ··················172

Effect of Mid-Electrode Potential for Total Ion Beam Current Extracted from ECRIS Imai, Youta ·····················173

Plasma Spectroscopy of Metal Ions for Hyper-ECR Ion Source Ohshiro, Yukimitsu ···········174

Production of Beams from Solid Materials at CNS ECR Ion Source Ohshiro, Yukimitsu ···········175

Particle Emission Detection System for Ion Beam Lines Okajima, Yuki ··················176

Effects of Roughness and Temperature on Low-energy Hydrogen Ion Reflection from Silicon and Graphite Surfaces Tanaka, Nozomi ················177

Synthesis of Endohedral Iron-Fullerene by Ion Implantation Minezaki, Hidekazu ···········178

Pseudo Ribbon Metal Ion Beam Source Verigin, Dan ····················179

Fullerene-Rare Gas Mixed Plasmas in an Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Asaji, Toyohisa ·················180

Design of a New Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source at OCMT Asaji, Toyohisa ·················181

Investigation of Multi-charged Ion Production in Constricted DC Plasma Ion Source with Layered-glows Chung, Kyoung-Jae ···········182

x

About the Role of EDF in the Double Frequencies Heating of a ECRIS Plasma Stiebing, Kurt ··················183

Application of the Tantalum Liner Technique to Produce Calcium Beams at INFN-LNL Galatà, Alessio ·················184

High Current H2+ and H3

+ beam Generation by Pulsed 2.45 GHz Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source

Peng, Shixiang ·················185

Radiation Issue Occurred During an Ion Source Commissioning Peng, Shixiang ·················186

Plasma Studies of the Permanent Magnet ECR Ion Source at PKU Peng, Shixiang ·················187

Study of the Decay in a 2.45 GHz ECR Hydrogen Plasma by Time Resolved Langmuir Probe Measurements Cortázar, Daniel ················188

The Development of High Intensity ECR Ion Source at CIAE Ma, Yingjun ····················189

A Multi-Sample Changer Coupled to an ECR Source for AMS Experiments Vondrasek, Richard ············190

Progress of Laser Ablation for Accelerator Mass Spectroscopy at ATLAS Utilizing an Electron Cyclotron Ion Source Scott, Robert ····················191

Effect of the Frequency Tuning on the X-ray Bremsstrahlung, Beam Intensity and Shape in the 10 GHz NANOGAN

ECR Ion Source Rodrigues, Gerard ·············192

Studies on the Effect of the Axial Magnetic Field on the X-ray Bremsstrahlung in a 2.45 GHz Permanent Magnet

Microwave Ion Source Lakshmy, P.S. ··················193

Compact Permanent Magnet H+ ECR Ion Source with Pulse Gas Valve

Iwashita, Yoshihisa ············194

Development of an 80kV Waveguide Isolator for a High Current Microwave Ion Source Misra, Anuraag ·················195

Operation of the Brookhaven EBIS Beebe, Edward ·················197

First Charge Breeding of a Rare-Isotope Beam with the Electron-Beam Ion Trap of the NSCL’s ReA Post-Accelerator Lapierre, Alain ·················198

Status Report on Developments and First Tests of the Electron String Ion Source Krion-6T Donets, Evgeniy ···············199

Thursday

Laser Ionisation at Alto Franchoo, Serge ················201

Laser Ablation Characterization in LNL Scarpa, Daniele ················202

The Solid State Laser System for Ionization of the SPES Radioactive Isotopes Scarpa, Daniele ················203

Characterization of the FEBIAD Ion Source for the INFN-SPES Facility Manzolaro, Mattia ·············204

xi

Plasma-Beam Traps and RFQ Beam Coolers Cavenago, Marco ··············205

Design of a Charge Breeder for the SPES Project at INFN – Legnaro National Laboratories Galatà, Alessio ·················206

Determination of the Thickness Used for Plasma Generation by Laser Irradiation on Sputtering Target Kumaki, Masafumi ············207

Laser Ion Source using Z-polarized Laser Kumaki, Masafumi ············208

Comparison of Graphite Materials for Targets of Laser Ion Source Fuwa, Yasuhiro ·················209

Interaction of Plasmas in Laser Ion Source with Double Laser System Fuwa, Yasuhiro ·················210

Compact Laser Plasma Analyzer with Multiplexing Readout Circuit Fuwa, Yasuhiro ················· 211

Iron Beam Acceleration Using Direct Plasma Injection Scheme Okamura, Masahiro ···········212

Multiple Species Beam Production on Laser Ion Source for EBIS at BNL Sekine, Megumi ················213

Creation of Mixed Beam from Alloy Target and Couple of Pure Targets with Laser Ikeda, Shunsuke ················214

Investigation of Flux Fluctuation of Laser Ablation Plasma in Solenoid Ikeda, Shunsuke ················215

Measurement of Beam Characteristics from Developed C6+

Laser Ion Source Yamaguchi, Akiko ·············216

The Study towards High Intensity High Charge State Laser Ion Sources Zhao, Huanyu ··················217

Development of the 10Hz C6+

Laser Ablation Ion Source for KEK Digital Accelerator Munemoto, Naoya ·············218

Detection of Gamma-rays and Photonuclear Neutrons in Laser Plasmas as a Diagnostic for Optimization of the

Multi-charged Ion Generation Sakaki, Hironao ··············219

New Feature for Resonant Ionisation Laser Ion Source Development at GANIL Henares, Jose Luis ·············220

Charge Strippers for High-power Uranium Beams at RIKEN RI-Beam Factory Okuno, Hiroki ··················221

Operating Conditions for the Generation of Stable Anode Spot Plasma in front of a Positively Biased Electrode Chung, Kyoung-Jae ···········222

An Ion Source Module for Beijing Radioactive Ion Beam Facility Cui, Baoqun ····················223

The Beam Diagnostic Instruments in BRISOL Ma, Yingjun ····················224

Thermal Simulations of a New High Power Target in Reactor for Production of Radioactive Beam Chen, LiHua ····················225

xii

Radioactive Ion Beam Transportation for the Fundamental Symmetry Study with Laser Trapped Atoms Arikawa, Hiroshi ···············226

Ionization Efficiency Studies with Charge Breeder and Conventional ECRIS Koivisto, Hannu ················227

Studies on Low Energy Beam Transport for High Intensity HCI at IMP Yang, Yao ·······················228

Beam Brilliance Investigation of High Current Ion Beams at GSI Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility Adonin, Aleksey ···············229

Injector Beam Optics Calculation for the RAON Injector Hong, In-Seok ··················230

The Design and Test Results of Beam Diagnostic System for KBSI Accelerator Won, Mi-sook ··················231

Transverse Emittance and Acceptance Measurement System in Low Energy Beam Transport Line Kashiwagi, Hirotsugu ·········232

Influence of Injection Beam Emittance on Beam Transmission Efficiency in a Cyclotron Kurashima, Satoshi ············233

Studies of Extraction and Transport System for Highly Charged Ion Beam of 18GHz SC-ECRIS at RCNP Yorita, Tetsuhiko ···············234

The Direct Injection of Intense Ion Beams from a High Field ECR into an RFQ Rodrigues, Gerard ·············235

Recent Improvements of IGUN Rodrigues, Gerard ·············236

Advances in Ion Diode and Triode Design Cavenago, Marco ··············237

Installation of the Multiaperture Negative Ion Source NIO1 Cavenago, Marco ··············238

Modeling and Design of a BES Diagnostic for the Negative Ion Source NIO1 Barbisan, Marco ···············239

Negative Ion Beams Optics and Beam-Gas Interactions along and after the Acceleration Stage Veltri, Pierluigi ·················240

Electrostatic Sensors for SPIDER Experiment: Design, Manufacture of Prototypes and First Tests Brombin, Matteo ···············241

An Image Filtering Technique For SPIDER Visible Tomography Fonnesu, Nicola ················242

High Energy Flux Thermo-Mechanical Test of 1D-CFC Prototypes for the SPIDER Diagnostic Calorimeter De Muri, Michela ··············243

Study of Plasma Meniscus Formation and Beam Halo in Negative Ion Source Using the 3D3V PIC Model Nishioka, Shu ··················244

Influence of a Three-Electrode Extraction System on Plasma Potential and Hˉ Transport in a Negative Ion Source

Plasma Matsumoto, Yoshikatsu ·······245

Grid Bias Effects on Volume Mode Extraction Currents in RF based Negative Ion Source, ROBIN, at IPR Bansal, Gourab ·················246

xiii

Angular-Divergence Calculation for EAST NBI Ion Source Based on Spectroscopic Measurements Chi, Yuan ·······················247

Study of Sublevel Population Mixing Effects in Hydrogen Neutral Beams Polosatkin, Sergey ·············248

Linac4 Low Energy Beam Measurements with Negative Hydrogen Ions Scrivens, Richard ··············249

Matching an Hˉ Beam into the FETS RFQ at RAL Gabor, Christoph ···············250

Improvement of Extraction System Geometry with Suppression of Possible Penning Discharge Ignition Delferrière, Olivier ············251

Effective Shielding to Measure Beam Current from an Ion Source Bayle, Hervé ····················252

Characterization of the Catania Versatile Ion Source (VIS) for H2+

Alonso, Jose ····················253

Commissioning and Operation of the Deuteron Injector for PKUNIFTY Project Peng, Shixiang ·················254

Commissioning of Helium Injector for Coupled RFQ & SFRFQ Accelerator Peng, Shixiang ·················255

A High Intensity 200 mA Proton Source for the Franz-Project (Frankfurt-Neutron-Source at the Stern-Gerlach-Center) Schweizer, Waldemar ·········256

Development of a 14GHz ECR Proton Source Zhang, Wenhui ·················257

A 2.45 GHz Intense Proton Source and LEBT System for C-ADS Zhang, Xuezhen ················258

Exotic Effect in Emittance Measurements Weissman, Leo ·················259

Influence of the Residual Gas Pressure on the Low-Energy Beam Emittance Weissman, Leo ·················260

Inverted Time-Of-Flight Spectrometer for Investigation of Mass-To-Charge Plasma’s Composition Yushkov, Georgy ···············261

Fluctuation of Ion Beam Extracted from an AC Filament Driven Bernas type Ion Source Wada, Motoi ····················262

Mass and Energy Resolved Detection of a Low Energy Metal Negative Ion Beam by a Wien Filter Coupled to an

Electrostatic Energy Analyzer Mahinay, Christian ············263

Plasma Characteristics of Single- and Dual-Electrode Ion Source Systems Utilized in Low-Energy Ion Extraction Vasquez, Jong ··················264

Electron Impact Gas Ion Source Development for Proton Beam Writing Facility Raman, Pattabiraman Santhana ···265

Electron Density Profile Measurements at a Self-Focusing Ion Beam with High Current Density and Low Energy

Extracted through Concave Electrodes Fujiwara, Yutaka ···············266

xiv

Self-Focusing of a High Current Density Ion Beam extracted with Concave Electrodes in a Low Energy Region around

150eV Hirano, Yoichi ··················267

Emittance of Compact Microwave Ion Source for Low Energy Applications Gotoh, Yasuhito ················268

Creation and Control of Micro-beamlets for Localized Modification and Patterning Chowdhury, Abhishek ·········269

Controlled Creation of Nanometer to Micrometer Size Pores in Suspended Metallic Films by Multi Element Focused

Ion Beams (MEFIB) Paul, Samit ······················270

Electrostatic and Magnetic Energy Analyzers for Bipolar Particle Beams Rafalskyi, Dmytro ·············271

Plasma Immersion Ion Charge State And Mass Spectrometer Verigin, Dan ····················272

Production, Formation and Transport of High-brightness Atomic Hydrogen Beam Studies for the RHIC Polarized

Source Upgrade Kolmogorov, Anton ···········273

Friday

Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Sources (Invited) Marsh, Bruce ···················275

Multi-charged Heavy Ion Acceleration from the Ultra-intense Short Pulse Laser System Interacting with the Metal Target Nishiuchi, Mamiko ············276

Operational Experience with the Argonne National Laboratory CARIBU Facility and ECR Charge Breeder Vondrasek, Richard ············277

EBIS Charge Breeder for CARIBU Kondrashev, Sergey ···········278

In-gas-cell Laser Ion Source for KEK Isotope Separation System Mukai, Momo ··················279

In-Gas Laser Ionization and Spectroscopy (IGLIS) of Radioactive Isotopes at LISOL Kudryavtsev, Yuri ··············280

Ion Source Developments for the Production of Radioactive Isotope Beams at TRIUMF Ames, Friedhelm ···············281

A Hollow Cathode Ion Source for Production of Primary Ions for the BNL EBIS Alessi, James ···················282

Large Diameter Permanent-Magnets-Expanded Plasma Source for Spontaneous Generation of Low-energy Ion Beam Takahashi, Kazunori ···········283

Ion Source Test Bench: Examining and enhancing the performance of PBW ion sources Raman, Pattabiraman Santhana ·284

Ion sources for ion implantation technology (Invited) Sakai, Shigeki ··················285

Solion® Ion Source For High-Efficiency, High-Throughput Solar Cell Manufacturing Koo, John ·······················286

Frequency Scaling with Miniature COMIC Ion Sources Sortais, Pascal ··················287

xv

Status of the Bio-Nano ECRIS at Toyo University Uchida, Takashi ················288

The New AISHA ECR Ion Source Optimized for Hadrontherapy Applications Celona, Luigi ···················289

Author Index ·························································································································291

MondaySeptember 9, 2013

MonM01（Invited）

Kinetic Modeling of Particle Dynamics in H- Negative Ion Sources - Recent progress and Open Questions -

A. Hatayama

Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan

Progress in the kinetic modeling of particle dynamics in H- negative ion source plasmas and their

comparisons with experiments are reviewed, and discussed with some new results. Main focuses are placed on the following two topics, which are important for the research and development of large negative ion sources and high power H- ion beams; i) Effects of non-equilibrium features of EEDF (electron energy distribution function) on H- production, ii) Extraction physics of H- ions and beam optics.

For the 1st topic, the role of the non-equilibrium and high energy component of the EEDF on the dissociation of H2 molecule and the resultant H- production in Cs-seeded H- source is discussed on the basis of the kinetic modeling and its comparison with experiments. As for the 2nd topic, extraction mechanism/process of surface produced H- ions is still unclear and we address our attention to the following open questions;

i) What is the key controlling knob for the plasma meniscus (i.e. emitting surface of H- ions surrounding the extraction aperture) ?

ii) Where do extracted H- ions come from? Are they directly from the surface or via bulk plasma region?

iii) How and where beam halo component is produced? Review and discussion on these open questions will be given with the recent results by analytic and 2D/3D PIC (Particle in Cell) modeling, and their comparisons with experiments.

1

MonM02

Future Carbon Beams at SPIRAL1 Facility: Which Method is the Most Efficient? L. Maunoury1, P. Delahaye1, J. Angot2, M. Dubois1, M. Dupuis1, R. Frigot1, J. Grinyer1, P. Jardin1, C. Leboucher1

and T. Lamy2 1 GANIL, bd Henri Becquerel, BP 55027, F-14076 Caen cedex 05, France

2 LPSC - UJF - CNRS/IN2P3 - INPG, 53, rue des Martyrs, 38026 Grenoble Cedex, France Fax: +33 231454665 E-mail address : maunoury@ganil.fr

Compared to in flight facilities, ISOL facilities can in principle produce significantly higher radioactive ion

beam intensities. On the other hand, they have to cope with delays for the release and ionization, which make the production of short-lived isotopes ion beams of reactive and refractory elements particularly difficult. Many efforts are focused on extending the capabilities of ISOL facilities to those challenging beams. In this context, the development of carbon beams is triggering interest [1-3]: despite its refractory nature, radioactive carbon beams can be produced from molecules (CO or CO2), which can subsequently be broken up and multi-ionized to the required charge state in charge breeders or ECR sources.

This contribution shall present results of experiments conducted at LPSC with the Phoenix charge breeder and at GANIL with the Nanogan ECR ion source for the ionization of carbon beam in the frame of the ENSAR and EMILIE projects. Carbon is to date the lightest condensable element charge bred with an ECR ion source. Charge breeding efficiencies will be compared with those obtained using Nanogan ECRIS and charge breeding times will be presented as well.

[1]: H. Frånberg, M. Ammann, H. W. Gäggeler, and U. Köster. Chemical investigations of isotope separation on line target units for carbon and nitrogen beams. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 77:03A708, 2006, and H. Franberg, Production of exotic, short lived carbon isotopes in ISOL-type facilities, PhD thesis, Bern University, 2008 [2]: P. Suominen, T. Stora, P. Sortais and J. Médard, proceedings of the ECRIS 2010 conference, MOPOT006.[3]: M. Kronberger et al., proceedings of EMIS 2012, to appear in Nucl. Instrum. And Methods B. [3]: M. Kronberger et al., proceedings of EMIS 2012, to appear in Nucl. Instrum. And Methods B.

2

MonM03

Recent Trends in Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Sources: Enhancement of Ionization Efficiency and Spectroscopic Resolution

Fabian Schneider, Michael Franzmann, Tobias Kron, Sven Richter, Sebastian Raeder, Sebastian Rothe, Volker

Sonnenschein, Klaus Wendt Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany

Corresponding Author: Fabian Schneider, e-mail address: fabian.schneider@uni-mainz.de

Resonant laser ionization is a highly efficient and extremely selective method for production of radioactive ion beams (RIBs). Today, the technique is applied as resonance ionization laser ion sources (RILIS) in nearly all RIB facilities worldwide, efficiently providing beams of shortest-lived, low yield isotopes and suppressing dominant isobaric contaminations. Using widely tunable, high power and high-repetition rate pulsed titanium-sapphire lasers aside of the traditional dye laser systems it is possible to cover the majority of the periodic table of elements with ionization yields up to 10% and beyond [1].

To maximize the ionization efficiency for each element, a multi-step resonant excitation scheme with sufficient laser power to reach saturation in each step is preferred. Applying second, third and fourth harmonic generation the range of accessible optical transitions is greatly increased towards the blue and ultraviolet spectral range. Nevertheless, it is necessary to perform extensive spectroscopy work to identify suitable excitation schemes via high lying levels and auto-ionizing states [2], of which only few are known in literature. Alternatively, high lying Rydberg states are used, which are subsequently ionized by either atom-atom collisions, absorption of black-body photons, electric fields or an additional laser photon. RILIS in-source spectroscopy shows significantly different excitation pathways involving Rydberg spectra, depending on the electric field strength at the location of ionization, which is studied by involving low voltage quadrupole mass analyzers versus high acceleration potential magnetic sector field mass separators. Spectroscopic results will be presented for the elements Ytterbium and Palladium.

Development of in-source spectroscopy is most easily performed on stable isotopes in off-line laboratories, saving precious on-line beam-time. Laser spectroscopic resolution is an issue of highest importance, being limited by the conditions in the hot ion source ionizer cavity, the corresponding Doppler broadening of the optical transitions and the line width of the lasers, altogether not falling below the order of a few GHz. Especially for higher mass isotopes, this value already allows for relevant atomic physics studies at online RIB facilities, resolving hyperfine structures and isotopic shifts.

A further desirable reduction of the experimental line width is possible by corresponding optimization of the lasers, i.e. by installing multiple etalons, by selection of a single longitudinal laser mode in a travelling wave ring resonator or by injection locking with a narrow-bandwidth continuous wave laser. Doppler-free in-source spectroscopy is envisaged as ultimate goal, which could provide results complementary to collinear laser spectroscopy.

(The references of this abstract is omitted due to limitations of space)

3

MonM04（Invited）

The Role of Space Charge Compensation for Ion Beam Extraction and Ion Beam Transport

Peter Spädtke

Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH : GSI, Darmstadt, Germany Corresponding Author: P.Spädtke e-mail address: p.spaedtke@gsi.de

Depending on the specific type of ion source, the ion beam is extracted either from an electrode surface, or from a plasma. There is always an interface between the (almost) space charge compensated ion source plasma, and the extraction region in which the full space charge is influencing the ion beam itself. After extraction, the ion beam is to be transported towards an accelerating structure in most cases. For lower intensities, this transport can be done without space charge compensation. However, if space charge is not negligible, the positive charge of the positive ion beam will attract electrons, which will compensate the space charge, at least partially. The final degree of space charge compensation will depend on different properties, like the ratio of generation rate of secondary particles and it’s loss rate, or the fact whether the ion beam is pulsed or continuous. In sections of the beam line, where the ion beam is drifting, a pure electrostatic plasma will develop, whereas in magnetic elements, these space charge compensating electrons become magnetized. The transport section can become a summary of different plasma conditions with different properties. Different measurement tools to investigate the degree of space charge compensation will be described, as well as computational methods for the simulation of ion beams with partial space charge compensation.

4

MonM05

Space-Charge Compensation Measurements in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source Low Energy Beam Transport Lines with a Retarding Field Analyzer.

Daniel Winklehner, Dallas Cole, Daniela Leitner, Guillaume Machicoane, and Larry Tobos National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA

Corresponding Author: Daniel Winklehner, e-mail address: winklehner@nscl.msu.edu

With the dramatic performance increase of state-of-the art electron cyclotron resonance ion sources (ECRIS)

and the demand for ever more intense beams for next generation heavy ion and rare isotope facilities like the facility for rare isotope beams (FRIB), space charge and space charge compensation have become important factors for realistic beam simulations and accelerator design. In the case of FRIB, 560 eµA of U33+ and U34+ (or 16.5 pµA) must be produced by the ECR ion source to deliver 400kW of uranium beam power to the production target. Consequently, the total extracted and transported beam current before charge state selection will be between 5-10 emA.

In this paper we describe the first systematic measurement of beam neutralization in the ECR low energy transport line with a retarding field analyzer (RFA), which can be used to measure the potential of the beam. By comparing with the theoretical potential of an uncompensated beam, we obtain a value for the space charge compensation. Measurements for ion beams extracted from the two ECRIS injectors at the Coupled Cyclotron Facility at the NSCL (SuSI and Artemis A) are shown. Expected trends for the space charge compensation levels such as increase with residual gas pressure, beam current, and beam density could be observed. However, the overall levels of neutralization are consistently low (< 60 %). The results and the processes involved for neutralizing ion beams are discussed for conditions typical for ECR injector beam lines. The results are compared to the simple theoretical beam plasma model by Gabovich et al. [1], as well as simulations.

References

M. Gabovich, L. Katsubo, and I. Soloshenko, “Selfdecompensation of a stable quasineutral ion beam due to coulomb collisions", Fiz. Plazmy, vol. 1, pp. 304-309, 1975.

5

MonM06

Linac4 H- Ion Source Beam Measurements with a Magnetized Einzel Lens Electron Dump

Øystein Midttun1,2, Jacques Lettry2 and Richard Scrivens2

1University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1072 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 2CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

Corresponding Author: Øystein Midttun, e-mail address: oystein.midttun@cern.ch

Linac4 is a part of the upgrade of CERN’s accelerator complex for increased luminosity in the LHC. A new

ion source extraction system has been designed and tested for the plasma generator in order to improve the

reliability and beam optics of the pulsed H- ion source. The extraction system has a design based on simulations

made with IBSimu and uses a magnetized Einzel lens for dumping the electrons at low energy. The source is

currently producing a reliable and stable 15 mA, 45 keV H- beam with a pulse length of 300 µs. This paper

presents the implemented extraction system and the results of beam extraction measurements compared with

simulations.

6

MonM07

High Current Proton Beams Production at SMIS 37

Vadim Skalyga, Ivan Izotov, Sergey Razin, Alexander Sidorov Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ul`yanova st., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian

Federation Corresponding Author: Vadim Skalyga, sva1@appl.sci-nnov.ru

Hannu Koivisto, Olli Tarvainen, Taneli Kalvas University of Jyväskylä, Department of Physics, P.O. Box 35 (YFL), 40500 Jyväskylä, Finland

This paper presents the latest results of high current proton beam production at SMIS 37 facility at the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP RAS). In this experimental setup the plasma is created and the electrons are heated by 37.5 GHz gyrotron radiation with power up to 100 kW in a simple mirror trap fulfilling the ECR condition. High microwave power and frequency allow sustaining higher density hydrogen plasma (ne up to 2·1013 cm-3) in comparison to conventional ECRIS’s or microwave sources. The low ion temperature, on the order of a few eV, is beneficial to produce proton beams with low emittance.

Latest experiments at SMIS 37 were performed using a single-aperture two-electrode extraction system. Various diameters of plasma electrode apertures i.e. 5 mm, 7 mm, 10 mm, were tested yielding proton beams with currents from 100 to 450 mA at high voltages below 45 kV. The maximum beam current density was measured to be 700 mA/cm2. A possibility of further improvement through the development of an advanced extraction system is discussed.

7

MonM08

Recent Performance of the SNS H- Ion Source and Low-Energy Beam Transport System

Martin P. Stockli, K.D. Ewald, B.X. Han, S.N. Murray Jr., T.R. Pennisi, C. Piller, M. Santana, J. Tang, R.F. Welton Spallation Neutron Source, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA

Corresponding Author: Martin Stockli, e-mail address: stockli@ornl.gov

Recent measurements of the H- beam current show that SNS is injecting about 55 mA into the RFQ compared

to ~45 mA in 2010. Since 2010, the H- beam exiting the RFQ dropped from ~40 mA to ~34 mA, which is still sufficient for 1 MW of beam power. The RF team is in the process of retuning the RFQ to restore the apparently degraded transmission. The level of success in restoring the ~40 mA RFQ output current, desired for 1.4 MW beam power, will be discussed in Chiba.

To minimize the impact of the RFQ degradation, the service cycle of the best performing source was extended to 6 weeks. The only degradation were fluctuations in the electron dump voltage towards the end of some service cycles. The problem is being investigated to further extend the source service cycles.

In addition we will report on several efforts to increase the performance of our H- sources as well as to decrease the performance variations from source to source and from service cycle to service cycle.

After a 2012 thermal failure of the test electrostatic low-energy beam transport system, it was reengineered to double its heat sinking and equipped with a thermocouple that monitors the temperature of the ground electrode between the two Einzel lenses. The recorded data show that emissions from the source at high voltage dominate the heat load. Emissions from the partly Cs-covered first lens cause the temperature to peak many hours after starting up. On rare occasions the temperature can also peak due to corona discharges between one of the lenses and the center ground.

8

MonA01

First Negative Ion Beam Profile Measurements by the Diagnostic Calorimeter STRIKE

Gianluigi Serianni1, Michela De Muri1, Andrea Muraro1, Pierluigi Veltri1, Federica Bonomo1, Giuseppe Chitarin1, Roberto Pasqualotto1, Mauro Pavei1, Andrea Rizzolo1, Matteo Valente1,

Peter Franzen2, Benjamin Ruf2, L. Schiesko2 1 Consorzio RFX, Euratom-ENEA association, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy

2 Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, D-85748 Garching bei München, Germany Corresponding Author:Serianni, e-mail address: gianluigi.serianni@igi.cnr.it

The ITER project requires additional heating provided by two injectors of neutral beams resulting from the

neutralization of accelerated negative ions. To study and optimise negative ion production, the SPIDER test facility (particle energy 100keV; beam current 50A) is under construction in Padova, with the aim of testing beam characteristics and to verify the source proper operation. The SPIDER beam will be characterised by the instrumented calorimeter STRIKE, whose main components are one-directional carbon fibre carbon composite tiles. Some prototype tiles have been employed as a small-scale version (mini-STRIKE) of the entire system to investigate the features of the beam of the device BATMAN at IPP-Garching.

The present contribution gives a description of the mini-STRIKE, which is made of two tiles arranged in the vertical direction and exposed perpendicularly to the beam in order to characterise the vertical beam profile. The measurement position is about 1m from the accelerator, where the beamlets composing the beam are largely overlapping. To provide local measurements of the beam features, in front of the tiles an actively cooled copper mask was located provided with some apertures. Calorimetry of the mask was performed, whereas the temperature map on the rear side of the tiles was measured by a thermal camera and compared to some local thermocouple measurements. Indications on the beam are also provided by a thermocouple installed on the mask. The first results of the investigation of the BATMAN beam are described in various operating conditions. The data analysis is presented, including the dependence of the beam features on plasma grid voltage, extraction voltage, radiofrequency power and filling pressure.

This work was set up in collaboration and financial support of F4E.

9

MonA02

Response of Plasma in Extraction Region to Electrostatic Field

K. Tsumori, M. Kisaki, K. Ikeda, H. Nakano, M. Osakabe, K. Nagaoka, Y. Takeiri, and O. Kaneko, M. Shibuya, E. Asano, T. Kondo, M. Sato, H. Sekiguchi and S. Komada.

National Institute for Fusion Science, Gifu, Japan

Corresponding Author: K. Tsumori, e-mail address: tsumori@nifs.ac.jp

Response of Cs-seeded hydrogen ionic plasmas to bias and extraction electrostatic fields is reported. The

ionic plasmas are measured with a Langmuir probe, cavity ring down measurement, CCD Hα imaging and surface wave probe. Beam extraction field is applied with the polarity extracting negative and positive ions. As we have reported, decrease of H- ions and increase of electrons densities are observed during the extraction of negative ions, and the influence of the extraction field expands whole the extraction region. On the other hand, no influence of electrostatic field is shown in the case of positive-ion extraction. This characteristic indicates the Debye length is different which particle contributes the electrostatic shielding. Despite the ionic plasma involves quite low electron density (less than ~1%), the result suggests electrons contribute to the shielding in the positive-ion extraction. To confirm the shielding is due to electrons, the bias potential from 0 to -10 V is applied to the PG; the bias electric field is the same direction of the extraction field. As decreasing the bias potential lower, the electron density and H- density is almost constant in the extraction region increases, though the electrostatic field has the direction to repel the negative charges. In the extraction region, electrons are strongly magnetized, while positive ions have larger diffusivity toward the PG. Ambipolar diffusion dominated with positive ions is possible to explain the phenomena above. Distribution of plasma potential and of positive and negative saturation currents will be also discussed.

10

MonA03

Optical Observation of Reduction Structure of H– Ions at Extraction Region in Hydrogen Negative Ion Source

Katsunori Ikeda, Haruhisa Nakano, Katsuyoshi Tsumori, Masashi Kisaki, Kenichi Nagaoka, Masaki Osakabe,

Yasuhiko Takeiri and Osamu Kaneko

National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu, 509-5292, Japan Corresponding Author: Katsunori Ikeda, e-mail address: ikeda.katsunori@lhd.nifs.ac.jp

A reduction structure of H− ions at the extraction region in hydrogen negative ion source has been obtained by

Hα imaging spectroscopy. The diagnostic system consists of an aspherical lens, optical filters, a fiber image conduit and a charge coupled device detector, that is installed on the 1/3-scaled hydrogen negative ion source in NIFS. The center of sight line is set parallel to the plasma grid (PG) surface, and the viewing angle has coverage from the magnetic filter flange to the PG surface.

The H− ion density measured by a cavity ring-down spectroscopy [1] increases after Cs seeding caused by surface conversion process on a Cs covered PG surface. We find reduction of H− density during beam extraction, and same signal reduction appeared on the hydrogen Balmer-α (Hα) emission caused by the reduction of excited hydrogen (n = 3) population which in turn due to the decreasing mutual neutralization process between positive and negative hydrogen ions. We clearly find the reduction structure on Hα after Cs conditioning, and reduction area expand at optimal Cs condition. The absolute value of the Hα reduction is proportional to the reduction H− density in rich H− condition. Thus, the reduction image of Hα emission shows the extraction structure of H− ions that produced at the PG surface accumulate at the extraction region, and then it flow toward the PG apertures. References [1] H. Nakano, K. Tsumori, K. Nagaoka, et al., AIP Conf. Proc. 1390, pp. 359-366 (2011).

11

TuesdaySeptember 10, 2013

TueM01（Invited）

Overview of Prof. Zorin’s Work on Development of ECR Ion Sources with High Frequency Gyrotron Plasma Heating (Invited)

Vadim Skalyga

Institute of Applied Physics, RAS, 46 Ul`yanova st., 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation

It is well known that the first idea of high frequency gyrotrons using for plasma heating in ECR ion sources

belongs to the inventor of ECRIS Richard Geller. On the basis of his frequency scaling law he had predicted a great benefit of high frequency and powerful gyrotron radiation usage for multicharged ion beams production. Nowadays state-of-the-art ECRISes use such microwave sources for plasma heating.

In 1989 Vladimir Zorin as an ambitious experimental plasma physicist decided to try himself in a new field of ECR ions sources. And immediately he decided to work around the most ambitious Geller’s idea of gyrotron plasma heating in ECRIS. In 1991 he initiated new investigations in the Institute of Applied Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (Nizhny Novgorod) of ECR discharge stimulated by gyrotron radiation at 37.5 GHZ frequency with pulsed power up to 130 kW. Pretty fast the team led by Vladimir noticed that results which had been obtained experimentally did not follow Geller’s predictions. Features of used microwave radiation pushed his investigations towards absolutely unique region of plasma parameters, not typical for conventional ECRIS, forming a new branch in ECR ion sources development. Working on ECR sources over last 20 years he achieved a great number of absolutely new and interesting results which find their application nowadays.

The most valuable and fundamental Vladimir’s result related to observing and investigation of a new plasma confinement regime in magnetic trap of an ECR ion source. This regime was called quasi-gasdynamic confinement. It is characterized by extremely high plasma density (>1013 cm-3) and very high rate of plasma losses from a trap (5-25 µs) determined by ion sound velocity. Experimentally reached plasma density was high enough to compensate short plasma lifetime and make multicharged ion generation possible. Combination of high density and low lifetime brings to pretty high values of plasma flux from a trap, thus providing possibility of ultra-high current beams production (more than 100 mA). On the basis of those experiments a new type of ECR ion sources was developed. Such quasi-gasdynamic ECRISes are now able to produce ion beams with moderate ion charge with current higher than 400 mA with emittance below 1 pi mm mrad.

Development of a new type of EUV light sources with 13.5 nm wavelength for high definition lithography was another application of such dense ECR plasmas under Vladimir’s supervision. He started this work with his collogues in 1996; results obtained at that time are being considered as very perspective and hit the second wave of interest at present time.

A lot of work on ECRIS plasma numerical modeling was done under Vladimir’s supervision as well. A few codes for discharge evolution modeling were created and found a number of important applications in this field. One of the last results related to interpretation and investigation of Preglow effect in ECRIS which considered perspective for short-pulsed ion beams production.

13

TueM02

Ion Guiding with Tapered Dielectric Capillaries for Neutron Generator Applications*

Amy Sy, Qing Ji, Bernhard A. Ludewigt, and Thomas Schenkel Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA

Corresponding Author: Qing Ji, e-mail address: QJi@lbl.gov

We report on the use of tapered dielectric capillaries for the passive focusing of deuterium ion beams for neutron generator applications. 40 keV D+/D2+ ions are extracted from a novel Penning-type ion source [1] and transmitted through a tapered Pyrex capillary to neutron production targets of several different materials. The transmitted currents on target and relative neutron yields were measured to determine the degree of beam compression achieved due to the ion guiding effect. Since measurements of the target currents indicate significant electron current contributions that can distort the ion current measurements and the resultant derived transmission efficiencies and beam compression factors, neutron yield measurements from the D-D fusion reaction provide an additional means to determine the ion current transmitted through the tapered dielectric capillary. Relative neutron yield measurements from the various target materials indicate beam compression and the stable transmission of 5 µA of deuterium ion current, orders of magnitude higher than the pA/nA ion currents typically utilized in similar experiments. Relative neutron yield measurements also indicate significant neutron production from the tapered Pyrex tube itself, with the Pyrex tube contributing to as much as 40% of the measured neutron yield. These results are promising for the further extension of this ion guiding method to higher beam currents for higher neutron yields. Passive focusing methods are attractive for compact and simple operation of a neutron generator for neutron-based imaging methods, such as Associated Particle Imaging, where small ion beam spot sizes enable higher imaging resolution. References [1] A. Sy, et. al, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83 02B309 (2012).

*This work was supported by NNSA office of Nonproliferation and Verification Research & Development and performed

under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory under contract No.

DE-AC02-05CH11231.

14

TueM03（Invited）

First Results of the ITER-Relevant Negative Ion Beam Test Facility ELISE

Ursel Fantz, Peter Franzen, Bernd Heinemann, and NNBI Team Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, EURATOM Association, Boltzmannstraße 2, 85748 Garching, Germany

Corresponding Author: Ursel Fantz, e-mail address: ursel.fantz@ipp.mpg.de

The negative hydrogen ion source for the neutral beam system for ITER has to deliver up to 60 A of D¯ ions for up to one hour pulses with an accelerated current density of 200 A/m2. In order to limit the power loads and ion losses in the accelerator, the source must be operated at a pressure of 0.3 Pa at maximum and the amount of co-extracted electrons must not exceed the amount of extracted negative ions. As presently these parameters have not yet been achieved simultaneously, also due to a lack of adequate test facilities, the European ITER domestic agency F4E has defined an R&D roadmap for the construction of the neutral beam heating systems.

An important step herein is the new test facility ELISE (Extraction from a Large Ion Source Experiment) for a large-scale extraction from a half-size ITER RF source which was constructed in the last years at IPP Garching and is now operational. ELISE allows gaining an early experience of the performance and operation of large RF driven sources (1x1 m2 with an extraction area of 0.1 m2 using 640 apertures with 14 mm in diameter) for negative hydrogen ions and will give an important input for the design of the Neutral Beam Test Facility PRIMA in Padova and the ITER NBI systems (heating beams and diagnostic beam, the latter being built by India ).

The main issues that will be addressed by ELISE are (1) the influence of the magnetic filter field on the extracted current densities of ions and electrons, and (2) the homogeneity of the plasma and, most important, the beam. ELISE has the aim at the demonstration of an ion beam at the required parameters within 2 years of operation which started in November 2012.

15

TueM04

Development of the FETS and VESPA Negative Hydrogen Ion Sources at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory

Scott R. Lawrie1,2, Dan C. Faircloth1, Alan P. Letchford1, Mike Perkins1, Mark Whitehead1, Trevor Wood1

1STFC ISIS Spallation Neutron and Muon Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK 2John Adams Institute of Accelerator Science, Oxford University, Oxfordshire, UK

Corresponding Author: Scott Lawrie, e-mail address: scott.lawrie@stfc.ac.uk

The ISIS pulsed spallation neutron and muon facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL) in the UK uses a Penning surface plasma negative hydrogen ion source. Upgrade options for the ISIS accelerator system demand a higher current, lower emittance beam with longer pulse lengths from the injector. The Front End Test Stand (FETS) is being constructed at RAL to meet the upgrade requirements using a modified ISIS ion source. A new high duty cycle pulsed extraction power supply has been commissioned1 for the ion source and the 3 MeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) has been delivered.

Simultaneously, a Vessel for Extraction and Source Plasma Analyses2 (VESPA) is under construction in a new laboratory at RAL. The VESPA will allow direct line of sight into the plasma to measure its properties by optical spectroscopy, as well as measurements of the extracted beam before it suffers emittance blow-up and collimation. Improved understanding of the plasma and extraction characteristics will allow a radical overhaul of the transport optics, potentially yielding a simpler source configuration with greater output and lifetime.

This paper outlines the present performance of FETS, the beam measurements taken on the proof-of-principle VESPA Mk 1 and the installation progress of the VESPA Mk 2. References

1. D. C. Faircloth, M. Perkins and S. R. Lawrie, “A New Long Pulse High Voltage Extraction Power Supply for FETS” in Proceedings of IPAC’13, Shanghai, China, 2013.

2. S. R. Lawrie and D. C. Faircloth, AIP Conf. Proc. 1515, 440 (2013).

16

TueM05

Extracted H Ion Current Enhancement due to Cesium Seeding at Different Plasma Grid Bias

Marthe Bacal*, Roy McAdams** and Elizabeth Surrey** *LPP, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, UPMC, Université PARIS-SUD 11, UMR CNRS 7648, France

** EURATOM/CCFE Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, UK Corresponding Author: Marthe Bacal, e-mail address : marthe.bacal@lpp.polytechnique.fr

While the enhancement in extracted current due to addition of caesium into the ion source at plasma grid bias lower than the plasma potential is described as being due to direct production of negative ions on caesiated surfaces by ion or atom impact, an enhancement observed at plasma grid bias voltages higher that the plasma potential, when negative ions should not be able to leave the plasma grid, remains unexplained. This paper discusses the possibility that there is an enhancement of volume production due to gettering of atomic hydrogen by the caesium deposited on the walls which reduces the negative ion destruction by associative and non-associative detachment. Such an enhancement would take place for all plasma grid bias voltages. Furthermore at plasma grid bias voltages higher than the plasma potential there is flow of the negative ions from the bulk plasma. Other possible processes such as negative ions originating from the other source walls and charge exchange will be considered.

17

TueM06

Status and Operation of the Linac4 Ion Source Prototypes

J. Lettry, D. Aguglia, P. Andersson, S. Bertolo, A. Butterworth, Y. Coutron, A. Dallocchio, H. Pereira, E. Chaudet, J. Gil Flores, R. Guida, J. Hansen, E. Mahner, C. Mastrostefano, S. Mathot, S. Mattei, O. Midttun, P. Moyret, D. Nisbet,

M. O’Neil, M. Paoluzzi, C. Pasquino, J. Rochez, J. Sanchez Alvarez, J. Sanchez Arias, R. Scrivens and D. Steyaert CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland

Corresponding Author: J. Lettry, e-mail address: Jacques.lettry@cern.ch

CERN’s Linac4 45 kV H- ion sources prototypes are installed at a dedicated ion source test stand and in the Linac4 tunnel. The operation of the pulsed hydrogen injection, RF sustained plasma and pulsed high voltages are described. The first experimental results of two prototypes relying on 2MHz RF- plasma heating are presented. Ion sources based on two H- production mechanisms were tested; H- extracted from the plasma volume and generated on a cesiated molybdenum surface. The plasma is ignited via capacitive coupling, and sustained by inductive coupling. Measurements of the average RF-coupling, optical emission spectroscopy and photometry of the plasma have been performed, allowing comparison between the two different production mechanisms. The light emitted from the plasma is collected by viewports pointing to the plasma chamber wall in the middle of the RF solenoid and to the plasma chamber axis. The uncesiated source, has produced H- beams of 16-22 mA which has successfully been used for the commissioning of the LEBT, RFQ and chopper of Linac4.

18

TueM07

Akira Ueno, Isao Koizumi, Kiyonori Ohkoshi, Kiyoshi Ikegami, Akira Takagi, Saishun Yamazaki,

and Hidetomo Oguri

J-PARC Center, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan Corresponding Author: Akira Ueno, e-mail address: akira.ueno@j-parc.jp

The prototype rf-driven H ion source, which satisfies the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex

(J-PARC) 2nd stage requirements of an H ion beam current of 60mA within normalized emittances of 1.5πmm•mrad both horizontally and vertically, a flat top beam duty factor of 1.25% (500μs×25Hz) and a life-time of more than 50days, was reported last year[1-4]. In this paper, the experimental results of the plasma chamber made of stainless-steel, instead of copper used in the prototype source, will be presented. The stainless-steel was adopted in order to save the weight, which was necessary to install the integrated plasma chamber from the end-plate to the plasma electrode by hands. The observed several interesting differences between the two chambers will be also presented. References 1. A. Ueno et. al., AIP Conference Proceedings 1515, 331-340 (2013) 2. A. Ueno et. al., AIP Conference Proceedings 1515, 409-416 (2013) 3. A. Ueno et. al., AIP Conference Proceedings 1515, 417-424 (2013) 4. S. Yamazaki et. al., AIP Conference Proceedings 1515, 433-439 (2013)

19

Dependence of Beam Emittance on Plasma Electrode Temperature and Rf-power, and Filter Field Tuning with Center Gapped Rod- ilter Magnets in J-PARC Rf-Driven H Ion Source

TueM08

Negative Ion Source by Particle-based Model

Francesco Taccogna, Pierpaolo Minelli and Savino Longo Istituto di Metodologie Inorganiche e di Plasmi, CNR, Bari, Italy

Corresponding Author: Francesco Taccogna, e-mail address: francesco.taccogna@ba.imip.cnr.it

The path toward a full understanding of electron and negative ion transport and extraction pass trough the

inclusion of the entire expansion region of the source and the simulation of all the entire multi-aperture system. In fact, the electron transport is related to ExB drift induced by the interaction of a diamagnetic flux with lateral walls [1] determining also the in-homogeneity plasma condition at the different extraction apertures. In a purely collision-less sheath there is no mechanism to redistribute the energy in parallel and in perpendicular directions and therefore the plasma bulk boundary values of flow velocities are very important. Moreover, this system will allow avoiding the source of inconsistency present in the single aperture extraction models (initial condition and injection from the source plane) and could allow better quantitative with the measured extracted currents and less speculative conclusions. Finally, such a model would be able to quantify the positive ion flux towards PG, a very important parameter determining the negative ion production on the surface by ionic conversion [2,3], the depth of the potential well and then the extraction probability of surface-produced negative ion [4]. References [1] Boeuf J P, Claustre J, Chaudhury B and Fubiani G 2012 Phys. Plasmas 19, 113510. [2] Bacal M 2012 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B101. [3] Wünderlich D, et al. 2012 Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion 54, 125002. [4] McAdams R, King D B, Holmes A J T and Surrey E 2012 Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 02B109.

20

TueM09

Development of a Negative Ion-based Neutral Beam Injector in Novosibirsk

Alexander Ivanov1, Grigory Abdrashitov1, Vadim Anashin1, Yuri Belchenko1, Alexander Burdakov1, Vladimir Davydenko1, Peter Deichuli1, Gennady Dimov1, Alexander Dranichnikov1, Valerian

Kapitonov1, Vyacheslav Kolmogorov1, Alexey Kondakov1, Igor Shikhovtsev1, Nikolai Stupishin1, Andrey Sanin1, Alexey Sorokin1, Michael Tiunov1, Valery Kobets1, Alexander Gorbovsky1, Victor

Belov1, Vladimir Khrestolubov1, Michael Binderbauer2, Artem Smirnov2, Sergey Putvinsky2, Lee Sevier2 1Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics of Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

2Tri Alpha Energy Inc., Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688, USA Corresponding Author: Alexander Ivanov, e-mail address: a.a.ivanov@inp.nsk.su

A negative-ion based injector of a hydrogen neutral beam with the energy of atoms 500-1000 keV, power up

to 5 MW and pulse duration 100-1000 s is being developed in the Budker Institute, Novosibirsk. In this injector, in contrast to commonly used arrangement, formation of negative ion beam and its acceleration to full energy are spatially separated. The 120 KeV negative ion source is attached to the Low Energy Beam Transport Line (LEBT), which comprises deflection magnets, vacuum pumps and dumps for the undesirable beam contaminants and back-streaming particles. The magnets provide the 120 keV beam transport and focusing onto the entrance of an accelerator, which post-accelerates the negative ions to full energy. A plasma target will be used for negative ion beam neutralization, while the energy of un-neutralized ions will be recovered by the electrostatic energy recuperators. In the paper, we discuss the main design features of the ion source, the LEBT and the post-accelerator and results of the beam transport simulations.

21

TueM10

Development of a Novel RF Negative Hydrogen Ion Source in Conically Converging Configuration

Bongki Jung1, Jeong-jeung Dang1, YoungHwa An1, Kyoung-Jae Chung2 and Y. S. Hwang1,2*

1Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea 2Center for Advance Research in Fusion Reactor Engineering (CARFRE), Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Koreaa

Corresponding Author: Y. S. Hwang, e-mail address: yhwang@snu.ac.kr

A novel RF negative hydrogen ion source in a conically converging configuration is developed to improve

negative hydrogen beam currents by modifying the transformer-coupled plasma H- ion source at Seoul National University [1]. Recently efficient negative ion production via higher electron temperature at the plasma generation region was reported when the length of the cylindrical chamber was reduced, which is thought to be caused by the reduction of effective plasma size [2]. In this study, further increase of negative ion generation is predicted with the conically converging configuration of the discharge chamber in which the chamber diameter decreases as approaching to the extraction region away from the planar RF antenna while maintaining the multi-cusp magnetic field. In this configuration, the concentration of plasma and neutral particles is expected to be compressed into the extraction region and the reduced diameter near the extraction region can accommodate stronger filter field easily, providing more excited molecules and low-temperature electrons near the extraction region for efficient formation of H- ion via dissociative attachment process. Detailed design and test results of this new source will be presented.

[1] H. S. Jeong, et al. “H- ion beam extraction from a transformer coupled plasma source with triode

extraction system”, Review of Scientific Instruments, 77, 3 (2006) [2] B. K. Jung, et al. “Effects of Discharge Chamber Length on the Negative Ion Generation in

Volume-Produced Negative Hydrogen Ion Source”, presented in this conference.

22

TueP01

A Double-Layer Based Model of Ion Confinement in ECRIS

D. Mascali1, L. Neri1, L. Celona1, G. Castro1, G. Torrisi1,2, S. Gammino1, G. Sorbello1,3

and G. Ciavola1 1INFN - Laboratori Nazionali del Sud,via S. Sofia 62, 95123 Catania, Italy

2Università Mediterranea di Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, delle Infrastrutture e

dell'Energia Sostenibile, Via Graziella, I-89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy 3Università degli Studi di Catania, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica Elettronica ed Informatica, Viale Andrea Doria 6,

95125 Catania, Italy

Corresponding Author: David Mascali, e-mail address: davidmascali@lns.infn.it

The paper proposes a new model of ion confinement in ECRIS, which can be easily generalized to any

magnetic configuration characterized by closed magnetic surfaces. Traditionally, ion confinement in B-min

configurations is ascribed to a negative potential dip due to superhot electrons, adiabatically confined by the

magneto-static field. However, when performing simulations with electrons moving in the trap and subject to

ECR-heating, one founds that high energy electrons populate just a thin slab overlapping the ECR layer. Outside

the layer, the electron density drops down of more than one order of magnitude. Electrons are retained into the

plasmoid due to the acceleration at the ECR layer and due to the effect of the ponderomotive potential. Ions,

instead, diffuse across the electron layer due to their high collisionality. This is the proper physical condition to

establish a double-layer (DL) configuration which self-consistently originates a potential barrier; this “barrier”

confines the ions inside the plasma core surrounded by the ECR surface. The paper will describe the

consequences of spatial DL-potential perturbations on the electron heating and ion beam formation dynamics.

Acknowledgements The support of the European Union, under Grant Agreement No. 262010-ENSAR/FP7 , JRA01-ARES, is

gratefully acknowledged

23

TueP02

Fast Camera Studies at an ECR Table Plasma Generator

Richárd Rácz1, Sándor Biri1, Péter Hajdu2 and József Pálinkás2 1Institute for Nuclear Research (ATOMKI), Debrecen, Hungary

2University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary Corresponding Author: Richárd Rácz, e-mail address: rracz@atomki.hu

A simple table-size ECR plasma generator operates in ATOMKI without axial magnetic trap and without any

particle extraction tool. Radial plasma confinement is ensured by a NdFeB hexapole. The energizing radiofrequency (RF) can be varied between 6-18 GHz. The Table-ECRIS is a simplified version of the 14 GHz ATOMKI-ECRIS. Some selected plasma diagnostics experiments are planned to be performed at this device before installing the measurement setting at the “big” ECRIS.

Recently, the plasma generator has been operated in pulsed RF mode in order to investigate the time evolution of the ECR plasma in two different ways. (1) The visible light radiation emitted by the plasma was investigated by the frames of a fast camera images with 1 msec temporal resolution. Since the visible light photographs are in strong correlation with the two dimensional spatial distribution of the cold electron components of the plasma it can be important to understand better the transient processes just after the breakdown and just after the glow. (2) The time-resolved ion current on a specially shaped biased electrode was measured simultaneously in order to compare it with the visible light photographs. The response of the plasma was detected by changing some external setting parameters (gas pressure and microwave power).

The results already obtained and later to be obtained from these experiments can be useful to understand the elementary processes taking place in the plasma generator and in ECR-traps with B-minimum geometry, as well.

24

TueP03

Separation of Monoatomic Ions in Neutron Tubes with Hot Cathode Ion Source

Sergey Polosatkin, Alexander Burdakov, Evgeny Grishnyaev, Grigory Shulzhenko Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia

Novosibirsk, State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia Novosibirsk, State Technical University, Novosibirsk, Russia

Corresponding Author: Sergey Polosatkin, e-mail address:s.v.polosatkin@inp.nsk.su

Hot cathode ion sources with electron oscillations in electrostatic field (Bayard-Alpert ion sources) are widely

used for generation of ion beams in neutron-generating tubes utilized T(D,n)4H or D(D,n)3He reactions. A disadvantage of such sources is worst mass content of the ion beam: a beam consist mostly on molecular hydrogen ions H2+, a fraction of monoatomic ions H+ is about 6%. Increase of the content of monoatomic ions would sufficiently increase neutron yield with constant load of neutron-generating target and high-voltage supply system.

The method for increasing of the fraction of monoatomic ions in hot cathode i