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CONNECTICUT GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY

OPEN FILE REPORT 0F-89-I

Core Description and Cuttings Description of the1987 Moodus 4,764’ Deep Well, Connecticut

by

Clifford AmbersIndiana University

Bloomington, Indiana 47405

1989

Copies of this report can be obtained from:

Connecticut Geological and Natural History SurveyNatural Resources Center, Department of Environmental Protection

165 Capitol Avenue, Hartford, Connecticut 06106

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Connecticut Geological and Natural History SurveyNatural Resources Center, Department of Environmental Protection

165 Capitol Avenue, Hartford, Connecticut, 06106

OPEN FILE REPORT 0F-89-I

Citation:

Ambers, Clifford, 1989, Core Description and Cuttings Descriptionof the 1987 Moodus 4,764’ Deep Well, Connecticut: ConnecticutGeological and Natural History Survey Open File Report 0F-89-I,207 p.

Connecticut Geological and Natural History SurveyOpen File Report 0F-89-I

Core Description and Cuttings Description of the 1987 Moodus4,764’ Deep Well, Connecticut, by Clifford Ambers

Contents:i. Summary of logging conventions used in the description of core

materials from the 4,764’ deep well at Moodus, Connecticut;1,000’ well at Moodus, Connecticut; and 1,500’ well at

Gillette Castle, Connecticut. 2S p.

2. Summary of descriptions of core materials from the 1987 Moodus4,764’ deep well. 14 p.

S. Summary log of the Moodus deep well. 4 p.

4 Moodus deep well core descriptions, scale i:ia. Box I, 501’-511.S’ ii p.b. Box 2, 1,001’-1,010.9’ i0 p.c. Box S, 1.500’-1,509.8’ i0 p.d. Box 4, 1,960’-I,966.S’ 7 p.e. Box 5, 2,460’-2,465.1’ 6 p.f. Box 6, 2,920’-2,927.1’ 7 p.g. Box 7, S,494.6’-S,504.3’ ii p.h. Box 8, S,985.S’-S,994.6’ i0 p.i. Box 9, 4,440’-4,448.6’ 9 p.

(total 81 p.)

5. Summary of abbreviations use in the description of cuttingsfrom the 1987 Moodus 4,764’ well. 8 p.

6. Description of cuttings from the 1987 Moodus 4,764 well.Description of cutting samples taken at 20’ intervals from 42’to 4,764’ 77.p.

(total pages 207)

SUMMARY OF LOGGING CONVENTIONSUSED IN THE DESCRIPTION OF COREMATERIALS FROM THE 4764’ DEEP

WELL AT MOODUS, CONNECTICUT; 1000’WELL AT M00DUS, CONNECTICOT; AND

1500’ WELL AT GILLETTE CASTLE, CONNECTICUT

PREPARED BY: Clifford Ambers

Indiana Un~vers~%yBlooming%on, Indiana 47405

Su~er - Fa~l, 1987

AKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Th~e author would like to thank the eta%e of Connecticut ae

represented by Sidney Quarrier for %h~e unique oppor%un~%y

participate ~n %he state’s ~nqu~ry of ~t’s geologic materials.

Support provided by National Science Foundation grants NSF-EAR-

83-13807 and NSF-EAR-86-18305 made to Robert WJntsch

gratefully aknowledged. Finally, personal %hanke ~s due S~dney

Quarrier, David London, Robert W~ntech and Robert Altamura for

many fruitful discussions which helped greatly Jn the produc%Jon

of %h~s work.

INTRODUCTION

The early summer 1987 drilllng of the Moodus, Connecticut

4764’ deep well made apparent the need for updating and

coordinating information relating to basement drilling

Connecticut. This document forms the basis for standardizing the

existing information on basement drilling in Connecticut,

allowing the relationships between the different wells to be

recognized.

Reexamination of all basement well materials was beyond the

scope of %his project so that various use was made of preexisting

descriptions of the materials. The new materials from the Moodus

4764’ well were completely examined and described. The core from

the Moodus I000’ well was reexamined in its entirety and editions

to the log prepared earlier by David London were made. The log

prepared by Robert Wintsch and John Bernitz for the Gillette

Castle 1500’ well was spot checked against the core to determine

its accuracy. It was determined to be sufficient for this

compilation and was redrafted.

The new logs were constructed in a form which was designed

1o allow rapid appreciation of various details of each core

section. In essence, a reproduction on paper of the actual

appearance of each core was %he goal. This was very well

realized in the Moodus 4764’ 1:1 logs and sufficiently realized

in the Moodus 1000’ and Gillette Castle 1500’ 1:12 logs. Notes

accompanying each log section relating to lithology, fabrics and

mineral segregations add detail to the drafted columns. It is

very important to note that the core materlals considered in the

logs were not oriented when retrieved from their respective wells

and therefore the fabrics shown in the logs bear no relation to

the actual orientation of the features in the Earth except up and

down.

A step-by-step scheme is suggested for examination of the

log sheets which should aid in the total appreciation of each

section. This SUMMARY OF LOGGING CONVENTIONS should always be

available to consult when new symbols or abbreviations are

encountered. Check each symbol or abbreviation to become

fam~liar with each and do not assume that the meaning of a symbol

or abbreviation is obvious as it may not be even though the

attempt was made to make each symbol and abbreviation a reminder

of it’s meaning. When examining a new section, first note the

drafted fabrics and contacts of the section. Then note the

overall or host rock l~thology for the section offset to the far

right column with the key llthologies underlined. Each ma~or

break in fabric or l~thology has ~t’s host rock llthology

described and each of these major eubdlvisions of the logs is

shown by a thick lined break aligned in a centralized column in

the r~ght half of each page. Secondly, note details of the

litholog~es in the section placed a few spaces right of the log

column, adjacent to the layer or body in question. Finally,

3

observe any specific fabric notes in the left half of the page.

These fabrics are typically low-grade overprinting fabrics, and

the fabrics shown by symbols on the log column usually are higher

grade ductile fabrics. This approach to the logs is similar to

the manner in which they were constructed and seems most useful.

4

ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE LOGS

Abbreviations were found to be a necessary tool in logglng

to help reduce time in logging and prevent clutter from too msny

words on a page. In the drafted logs they continue to help

reduce clutter. Three groups of abbreviations were used in

1ogglng and description: mineral abbreviatlone, general

descriptor abbreviatlons, and fabric abbreviations. An

alphabetlzed llsting of each of these groups is provlded here.

Mineral Abbreviations

Mineral abbreviations are most often the flrst part of a

mineral name, but not always. These abbreviatlons are not all

standard but were chosen to most easlly remlnd one of the mineral

in question.

act actlnolite

blot biotite

chl chlorite

cpx clinopyroxene

diop diopside

ep~d epidote

5

M~neral Abbreviations cont.

fspar or F feldspar

grit garnet

hbl hornblende

Kspar or K potassium feldspar

mgt magnetite

muse muscovite

plag or P plag~oclase

pyr pyrite

qtz or q quartz

s~ll s~ll~manite

General Abbreviations

Abbreviations of repeatedly used words were chosen to

resemble the word ~n question. Again, use of these abbreviations

resulted ~n less written mater~al on each page which ~ncreased

the clarity of the log.

acc accessory

alt altered, alteration

apprec appreciable

blast porphyroblast

blast~c porphyroblastic

dk dark

d~am d~ameter

d~ss d~ssem~nated

General Abbreviations con~.

frag(s) fragments, fragment

it light

med medium

MFS mean fragment size(chlp descriptions only)

mod moderate, moderately

seg segregation

tr trace

v very

w/ with

Fabric Abbreviations

Along with the symbols for fabric shown in the log columne,

abbreviations were also used for fabrics in written descriptions

where these were necessary. These abbreviations are summarized

here.

fol

gfsc

gns

1~n

myl

phyll

sch

vein or V

fo1~ated, foliation

granofe~sic

gneiss, gnelssose

iinea%ed, lineat~on

my~onit~c

phyllitic

segregation, always prefixed byone or more m~neral abbrev~atlon(s)

schist0 schistose

vein f~led w~th a given m~neral

LITHOLOGIC DESCRIPTIONS

Throughou% all of %he logs and the ch~p descriptions from

the Moodus 4764’ wet1, abbrev~a%~ons for lltholog~es are used %0

des~gna%e %he rock %ype ~n a certain ~nterval. Accompanying many

of %he abbrev~a%~ons ~n the logs are modifiers which ~nd~ca%e any

deviations from %he genera1~zed descr~ptions of %he 1~%hologies

g~ven hel-e. Fam~1~ar~zat~on w~th %hess def~n~%~ons ~s crucial ~n

unders%and~ng %hess logs end ch~p descr~p%~ons.

An ~mpor%an% no%e ~s %ha% %erms %rad~%~onally reserved for

fault rock fabric have occas~onally been used ~n %he

descr~p%~ons of core and chip ~%holog~es because of the

~nab~1~ty %0 properly describe %he m~neralogy of %he rock ~n hand

specimen. Such "rock %ypes" ~nclude m~crobrecc~a =

m~croca%aclasi%e, u1%ramylon~%e, mylon~%~c sch~s%, phyllon~%e,

and pseudo%achylli%e.

alask (alaska%e)

subequal qtz, plag, Kspar

accessory b~o%, mg%, hema%~%e

%yp~cally fleshy p~nk ~n color

grain s~ze varies from .5 - 1.5 mm.

generally mod-well fo1~a%ed and gne~ssose

(amphibo/ite)

hbl 50 - 100~

plag 0 - 50~

blot 0 - 30 ¯

accessory apatite, pyrite, mgt, cpx

black, brown-black to dk greenish black in color

grain size varies from 1 - 3 mm.

generally mod-well follated gneissose to schistose

(aplite)

subequal qtz and plag, sometimes w/ minor Kspar up to 10~

accessory biotite up to a few percent

v. lt. gray to cream to white in color

generally < 1 mm. grain size

usually gneissose w/ recovered sucroslc grains

a common vein material in the Hebron Gneiss

BAS (biotite amphibole schist)

blot 50 - lO0g

green amphibole usually act i0 - 50~

plag 0 - 20~

accessory tremolite, scapolite, pyr

dk. greenish brown to black in color

up to 2 mm. grained

schistose to myl schistose fabric

often cuts host rock follation at a low anglecommon in the Hebron Gneiss

9

BGG (biotite granitic gneiss)

subequal gtz, plag, kspar

bEot at least 5~ up to 10~

acceseory muec, pyr, gnt

It - med gray to pink ~n color

usually even grained from 1 - 2 mm.

poorly to well folEated and l~neated, gneissose

largely restricted to layered granEtlc ~ntrusJons within theHebron Gneiss

BHG (biotite hornblende gnelss)

plag 50 - 90~

qtz 0 - 30~

hbl 0 - 50~

b~ot 0 - 30~

accessory ephene, mgt, epid, Kspar

med - dk gray in color

even to irregular grained .5 - 4 mm.

poorly - well foliated and lineated, gne~eeose

abundant lithology in the Avalon Terrain

b~ot 50 - 80~

hbl 20 - 50~

accessory ephene, mgt, plag

(b~otite hornblende schlst)

(sometimes ~mportant)

dk. green black to black in color

variably grained .5 - 3 mm.

well foiEated myl schistose fabrlc

10

BMS (biotite mylonitic schist)

blot 30 -

qtz 30 - 50~

plag I0 -

accessory musc,..gnt, sill, apatite, pyr

medium - dk brown in color

highly variable grain size, .5 - 5 mm.

always v. well foliated myl sch fabric

segregations of qtz and qtz-fspar are commona common rock type in the Honey Hill Fault zone

BPG (biotite plagloclase gneiss)

plag 70 - 90~

qtz 0 - 30~

blot < 5~ but always present

Kspar 0 - 20~

it - med gray in color

even grained from .5 - 1.5 mm.

mod - well foliated and lineated, gneissoseoften laminated

LGG

biot

qtz

plag

Kspar

(biotite quartz plagioclase schist)

30 - 70~

20 - 30~

20 - 30~

0 - 15~

accessory hbl, diop, gnt, musc,

med - dk brown in color

fairly even grained .5 - 2 mm.

schistose fabric

varies from markedly biot-rich to plag-richcommon lithology in the Hebron Gneiss

scap, pyr, calcite

(leucogranitic gneiss)

a very similar lithology to BGG already described exceptthat this litholo~y contains <5~ biotite and is often muscbearing, is always white or it. gray, and is sometimesfairly uneven grained

a v. flne rock with characteristics like those describedlater in the fabric symbols, which is commonly composed ofKspar, chl, qtz, mgt and ground host rock as determined bySEM backscatter imagery

12

MMS (muscovite mylonltic schist)

musc 20 - 50~

chl or biot i0 - 30~

qtz 20 - 40~

accessory plag, Kspar, pyr, grit

med green gray to brown gray to silvery white in color

h~ghly variable grain size, .5 - 5 mm.

always well follated myl ech fabric

commonly w/ QS or QFS

myl sch (mylonit~c schist)

a general name for rocks w/ myl sch fabric and having uniquemineralogy, myl sch fabric is described later in the fabricsymbols

PBS (plag~oclase biotite schist)

plag 10 - 30~

b~ot 50 - 90~

qtz up to 10~

accessory hbl, diop, muse, Kspar, gnt, soap

dk. brown to black in color

highly variable grain s~ze .5 - 5 mm.

well foliated schistose to my1 sch fabric

this llthology commonly truncates foliatione ~n the hostlithoiogy at a low angle, common in all rock units

pe_qmatite

a vein-type llthologywith extremely variable and unevengrain size from .5 mm. to 3 cm. commonly contains qtz,plag, and Kspar in highly variable proportlons withaccessory biot, musc, tourmaline, gnt, chl, sulfide

13

a phyllitlc appearing rock of variable m~neralogy, buttyp~oally chl-musc-rlch, th~s fabric is described later inthe symbol description section

qtz

plag

diop 10 - 30~

accessory act, soap,gnt

(quartz dlopslde granofels)

30 - 60~

20 - 30~

calcite, blot, tourmaline,

med greenish gray to green in color

even to variably grained .5 - 4 mm.

granofelstc to poorly foltated gneissose fabric

restricted almost entirely to the Hebron Gneiss

sulflde,

(quartz feldspar segregation)

a thin, discontlnuous vein material of variable grain s~ze.5 - 10 mm. and composed entirely of quartz and feldsparmost often plag. often occurs in h~ghly deformed zones

(quartz segregation)

a thin, discontinuous pure quartz veinlette.in highly deformed zones

often occurs

(vein quartz)

a planar, often quite thick, body of pure quartz

14

LOG SYMBOLS AND SHEET ORGANIZATION

The following sheets are the guide to all of the symbols,

most of them fabric related, used in v~sually representing the

cores considered in th~s project. Most of the symbols were

independent of log scale (1:1 vs. 1:12) and these are given

first. Some symbols did vary with log scale or were better

represented on the log sheets, and are presented on actual log

sheets. The description of the sheet organization is presented

on the last 1:12 log sheet in a form s~milar to the instructions

for GSA abstract format.

15

Micro- to cryptocrystalline black rock sometimes bearingminute mineral fragments. Fluidal characteristics areshown 6y intrusion of material into dikelettes off thickerdikes. Origin of this material is probably fault relatedas microbrecciation often accompanies this material. Mayinclude ultramylonites, microbreccias and pseudotachyllites.

Microbreccia having rock and minera! fragments visible witha IOX hand lense or greater magnification. Cements aregiven in the logs where they are discernable, but color isoften the only indication of mineral content: green =chl and/or epid, black = mgt, brown biot.

Breccia having rock and mineral fragments visible withthe naked eye. Cements are given in the logs wherethey were discernable.

Mylonitic Schist (a). Very micaceous (greater than 30%)rock having clearly anastomosing foliation and lensoidfabric. Commonly exhibits "S-C" fabric. Blasts of plagand muscovite are common, but less than I0%. QS and QFSare very common and often abundant in zones with this fabric.

Blastomylonitic Schist (b). Identical fabric as (a), butbearing greater than 10% porphyroblasts.

Crenulated Schist. Very micaceous rock with wel!developed crenulation observable in hand sample.Commonly in chl-musc schists.

16

Phyllonite. Mica-rich (commonly chl-musc) rock withindividual grains barely visible with a hand lense(that is phyllitic in appearance). In thin sectionthese zones show highly anastomosing fabric indicativeof shearing.

Ultramylonite. Ultra-fine grained rock of greatvariety of color resembling chert or flint. A streakyfoliation is visible only as cblor variation, and thinless than 1 mm. partings are common parallel to the colorbands. In thin section, minute feldspar clasts are visible.This fabric is commonly developed in low biotite and qtzrocks.

Augen Gneiss. Quartzofeldspathic rock usually metaigneousin origin bearing augen of feldspar in a finer grainedgroundmass of qtz, fspar, and some mica. The gneissosefoliation in the rock is anastomosing and lensoid (myl).Pegmatites, BHG, and BGG commonly have this fabricdeveloped.

Straight gneiss. Gneiss bearing high grade mineralogy andoften being migmatitic with extremely planar foliation andquartzofeldspathic and micaceous laminae 1 - 3 mm. thickthat extend for several meters when observed in outcrop..Where migmatitic, the leucosomes are in strong par.allelismwith laminae. Feldspar blasts up to several centimetersin diameter are common but not abundant enough toconstitute an augen gneiss.

Spotted Plagioclase Blast Granofels. The recently described"blastocataclasite" of Wintsch (1985), which is describedas a high grade brittle fabric overprinted by ductile shear.The rock is of unique character being biotite and sometimesmuscovite rich with abundant (I0 - 50%) plag blasts,generally not augen in shape. The micas are often veryweakly foliated in a mylonitic fabric, but the overallappearance of the rock is granofelsic. This fabric oftentruncates host rock foliations at low angles.

Quartz Vein Filling. Planar layers filled with v’s areinterpreted as veins and discontinuous lenses, pods andlayers are considered as segregations.

17

Mineral rosettes on some surface. Commonly exhibitedby tourmaline on the walls of a vein.

Quartzofeldspathic Vein Material. X’s stand for feldsparthe variety of which is usually given, but if not is likelyplagt V’s stand for quartz. Planar layers are consideredveins, and the type is given. Irregular bodies are seg-regations and often have no descriptors.

Feldspathic Vein Material. Uncommon feldspar veins werenoted as well as segregations. The feldspar type is alwaysgiven.

Single Plagioclase Grains.twinning, this symbol wasMoodus 4764’ I:I logs.

Designed to suggest albiteentirely restricted to the

Single Microcline Grains. Designed to suggest tartantwinning in mierocline, this symbol was entirely restrictedto the Moodus 4764’ I:I logs,

Fractures And Thin Fabric Elements. Jagged lines indicaterough fractures in the core and straight lines indicatesmooth breaks in the core or less than 1 cm. thick fabriclayers which are always described (usually in the lefthalf of the log page). Unaltered fractures are not notedexcept in the MOodus 4764’ logs. Alterations along fracture~are always listed.

ig

Dark Mineral Segregations. Tourmaline and hornblendewere found in a few places in pod-like segregations thatrequired a unique symbol. The mineralogy of thesegregations are always given,

Mineral Concentration Zones. Dotted outlines definethe perimeter of a diffuse mineral segregation, themineral always given. A stippled p~ttern defines theregion of a unique disseminated mineral.

19

o

o o o

o

H

I I I I I~

~ o ~

~ 0

m 0

0 el"

SUMMARY OF DESCRIPTIONS OF CORE MATERIALSFROM THE 1987 MOODUS 4764’ DEEP WELL

PREPARED BY: CLIFFORD AMBERS

DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGYINDIANA UNIVERSITY

BLOOMINGTON, INDIANA 47405

OCTOBER, 1987

i

INTRODUCTION

This document summarizes the detailed logs (1:1) completed

for the cored intervals of the 1987 Moodus deep well drilled near

Moodus, Connecticut during early summer 1987. Included here are:

1.) descriptions of the ma~or llthologies where they were found

to vary markedly from the descriptions given in the SUMMARY OF

LOGGING CONVENTIONS; 2.) estimated abundances of ma~or

llthologles for each core; 3.) discussions of fabrics and

structures in each core where such features were evident; and 4.)

summaries of petrographic observations from thin sections of

chips collected adjacent to each core that were expected to

relate directly to the llthologles in the core intervals.

Nine S" diameter cores were retrieved from the 4?64’ deep

well varying in length from 5’ to 10’. Sampling of the cores

began at 500’ and a new core was taken every 500’ down to 4500’

at which depth the

maintained within 4 degrees

according to the drillers.

last core was sampled. The bore hole was

of vertical for it’s entire length

Descriptions of the logs presented

here were formulated at the drill site, and photographs were

taken of the cores at the site and are available for inepectlon

at the Connecticut Geological Survey. The core was sent for

destructive physical testing late in the summer, 1987.

2

CORE SECTION #I (501’ 5 i/2" - 511’ 4 I/2")

The first core interval was composed of BQP (M),

transitional BQP-BGG(s), BGG (s), Ap (s), PBS (m), QFS (m), QS

(m), and QDG (m < 59~) (See the SUMMARY OF LOGGING CONVENTIONS for

descriptions of these llthologles - only variations from those

descriptions will be given here. M = major constituent of core,

s = subordinate constituent of core, and m = minor constituent of

core.) Follatlons and layering in the core were generally

shallowly dipping 10 to 20 degrees. Some Intrafollar folding of

follatlons and layering was noted, especially of QS and Ap. A

vertical vein filled with plagloclase0 dlopslde and hornblende

occurred at 507’ 8" to 509’ 7". The llthologles and fabrics

represented in the core were identical to those found in the

Hebron gneiss at the surface and in both the Moodus 1000’ and

Gillette Castle drill holes. Thin sections were cut from chips

collected at 442’, 462’ and 744’. Modes presented in these and

all

442’

following petrographic descriptions were by visual estimate.

< or = 0.5 mm. grained, schistose

fox red blot SO~

plag 60 ~

qtz 10~

acc.: graphite, tourmaline

462’

744’

< or = I mm. grained, schistose where blot-rlch togranofelslc.

fox red blot 20~

zolslte fOE

actlnollte tOE

qtz 30%

plag 30~

acc.: calcite, musc, sphene

< or = i mm. grained, gnelssose.

dk. brown-red blot 5%

qtz 35%

kspar (mlcrocllne) 35~

plag 25~

< or = 0.75 mm.

fox red blot

plag

qtz

acc. : graphite

< or = 1.5 mm.

qtz

plag

hbl, dlop, sphene,

grained, schistose.

40~

50~

I0~

grained, weakly gnelssose.

40~

40~

calcite, opaque 209~

4

CORE SECTION #2 (I001’ 0" - I010’ II")

The second core interval was composed of BQP (M), QDG (M,

20%), QS (m), PBS (m), and QFS (m). The lowest 3 I/2’ of core

contained BQP of dlstlnctly dlopsldlc nature with up to I0~

disseminated dlopslde in the llthology. The lowest 6’ of core

showed a marked increase in QDG abundance. Foliation in the

section was subhorlzontal to slightly dipping up to 15 degrees.

QDG layering exhibited intrafollar to ptygmatlc folding as well

as attenuation and boud~nage. The 1004’ to 1005’ interval

contained abundant QDG lenses and patches probably from the

dlsaggregat~on of QDG layers by shearing. Nearly vertical qtz-

plag-dlop veins occurred in the upper 3’ of the core. The

llthologles and fabrics found in this core were identical to

those found in the Hebron gneiss found at the surface and in the

other basement dr~ll holes. Thin sections were cut of chips from

1044’.

1044’

< or = 0.75 mm. grained, schistose.

fox red blot 30%

plag 60~

qtz 10~

acc.: hbl, graphite, opaque

< or = I mm. grained, granofelslc.

qtz 40~

plag 40~

dlop 15%

hbl, zolslte, opaque, calcite, chl, sphene 5%

5

CORE SECTION #3 (1500’ 0" - 1509’ 9 i/2")

The third core interval was of much different character than

the Interlayered BQP-QDG of the first two intervals. This

interval still contained abundant BQP as the 500’ and ]000’

intervals did, but no layers or lenses of QDG were found.

Instead, the BQP was Interlayered with and transitional into gnt-

sill-musc-blot-qtz-plag mylonltlc schist containing abundant QS

and QFS rarely exceeding I cm. in thickness. These segregations

were always lensold and often contorted into complex minor

Intrafoliar folds. Individual augen or blasts were rare. Minor

fibrollte mats often interfingered on their ends with biotite.

Garnet was most abundant in these sillimanlte-bearlng schists,

but never exceeded I~ mode. Lithologies included in the core

were BQP (M), mylonltlc schlst-BMS and MMS (M), QFS (M), QS (s),

and sill-gnt-bearlng PBS (m). Felsic BQP was noted at 1509’ I"

to 1509’ 4 I/2". As noted above, the fabric of this core is

generally mylonltlc; that is, foliation and layering combine to

form a lensold - anastomosing aggregate at all scales of

observation from hand sample to thin section. Complex

small scale intrafoliar folding was common as well as attenuation

and genera] smearing of layers. Foliation was subhorlzontal to

shallowly dipping up to 15 degrees. Layers of QFS were most

deformed in the most schistose zones where they were also the

most abundant. Gradation of the BQP into the mylonltlc schist

and the accompanying increase of deformation fabric and

segregations made this observer suspicious of deformation as a

driving mechanism or energy source in the development of the gnt-

sill-bearlng schists from typical BQP starting material. Chip

information shows that typical Hebron gneiss above this core

interval grades into this schistose unit and back out into normal

interlayered BQP-~DG, suggesting this interval is contained

within the Hebron gneiss unit. This observer interprets the zone

as a major subhorlzontal shear zone within the Hebron gneiss.

See the summary log of the Moodus deep well for the thickness of

Thin sections were cut of chips from 1524t.the zone.

1524’

MM__~S

< or = I mm. grained, schistose to mildlyanastomoslng schistose (mylonltlc).

dk. fox red b~ot 20~

plag 60~

qtz 20~

acc.: musc (only in anastomoslng folla)garnet (only in anastomoslng folla)graphite, tourmaline

< or = 2 mm. grained.

musc 50~

brown blot 20~

qtz 15%

plag

acc.: garnet (2-3 mm.), graphite, apatlte

fabric highly anastomoslng, micas arewarped, flsh-llke and stretched

highly

7

CORE SECTION #4 (1960’ 0" - 1966’ 4")

The fourth core interval showed an abrupt change in

llthology from the first three cores. The core was composed of

BGG(M), LGG(m), QFS(m), and QPK pegmatite(m). The dominant

lithology (BGG) contained 5N to I0~ biotite, was even grained in

any one fabric layer, ranged from <I mm. to 3 mm. grained

overall, varied from medium gray to pink in color, and contained

minor <2 mm. red garnets disseminated throughout the core.

Commonly, 4" to 6" layers of constant degree of foliation were

noted, varying from very poorly follated to well follated.

Poorly follated layers had barely dlscernable gnelssoslty, and

well follated layers had folla spaced from I to 2 mm. Foliation

was generally subhorlzontal. A few 1 mm. thick biotite lamlnae

were noted that cut the surrounding foliation at a low angle.

These may have been displacement surfaces. The position of this

unit near the base of the inferred Hebron gneiss section as

indicated by chip information, and the similarity of the

llthology with surface exposures and similar material in the

Gillette Castlecore, support the correlation of this unit with

the Canterbury gneiss of Eastern Connecticut. It is important to

note that much similarity also exists between this unit and the

granitic gneiss much further up section in the Moodus 1000’ well.

This correlation would require geochemical documentation and

would be of great interest in discerning the nature of the

Canterbury intrusion as a single layer or multiple layer body.

Thin sections were cut of chips from 1904’, 2024’, and 2044’

surrounding the core interval.

8

2024’

2044’

< or = I mm. gralned, interlocklng grains, mildlygnelssose, qtz forms m~idly elongate aggregates.

ollve-brown blot 6%

subequal qtz-plag-mlcrocllne 95%

< or = 1.25 mm. grained, mildlyinterlocklng grains.

brown blot 3%

subequal qtz-plag-mlcrocllne 97%

acc.: muec

gnelssose,

< or = 2 mm. grained, hypldlomorphlc granulartexture, interlocking gralns, good granlte.

brown blot, mildly chlorltlzed

subequal qtz-plag-kspar 95%

musc 2%

CORE SECTION #5 (2460’ 0" - 2465’ I 1/2")

The fifth core interval consists of a complexly deformed

package of blastomylonltlc schlsts and gnelsses (M), BMS and MMS

(s), and BHG (M). The hornblende content of the gneiss in the

interval was suspect at the drill s~te. Subsequent petrographic

analysis of chips surrounding the interval, however, showed

abundant hornblende suggesting that the black b~otlte noted in

the gnelsses at the drill s~te probably also consisted of a

slzable hornblende component not clearly dlscernable with a hand

9

lense. The blotlte-qtz-plag gnelsses in thls interval probably

contained abundant hornblende, and the biotite estimates given on

the core log are then actually total maflcs estimates. A

parenthetical (BHG) le Included in the description of these

gneiss layers in the log. The blastomylonltlc layers In thls

core commonly contained blasts up to 3 cm. in length composed of

plagloclase. Very minor red garnet was found disseminated

through the core, and some suspect siliImanlte was noted in some

of the schist layers. The layers in the core formed open folds

I’ to 2’ in wavelength with subhorlzontal axial planes. The

iIthologles and fabrics represented in thls core interval closely

resembled those of the lower member of the Tatnlc Hill Formation

as found in the Gillette Castle well and in surface exposure.

Thln sections were cut of chips from 2484’ and 2524’

< or ~ 2 mm. grained, schistose

golden red-brown blot

forest green hbl 25~

plag 50%

acc.: sphene, calcite, opaque

< or ~ 2 mm. grained, mildly myl. sch.,anastomoses plag as tangential flakes withoutbending around grains.

red-brown blot 30~

plag 60~

qtz I0~

acc.: opaque, sphene,

zeolite, albite

mm. grained, schistose to gnelssose.

red-brown blot I0~

it. forest green hbl 20~

plag 40~

qtz 30%

ace.: sphene

CORE SECTION #6 (2920’ 0" 2927’ 1")

The slxth core ~nterval was composed of BHG (M), QFS (m),

and PBS (m). Total maflcs were generally 15~ to 20~. The rock

was inequlgranular wlth hbl I - 5 mm., blot about 1 mm., plag 1 -

3 mm., and qtz about I mm. Subhorlzontal layers wlth constant

follatlon varylng from moderately to well follated occurred every

6" to 12" in the core. Th~s was the most homogeneous core taken

from the wet1. The llthology and structural posltlon of this

core, and all subsequent cores support their correlation with the

Avalon Terrain to the southwest and east of the dr~ll s~te. Thin

sections were cut of chips from 2904’ and 2964’.

2904’

BHG < or = 1.5 mm. grained, gnelssose.

olive brown b~ot,

forest green

plag

qtz

mildly chlor~t~zed 7~

3%

80~

10~ acc.: sphene

11

Altered Fragment

2964~

Pink and green, probably similaroriginal llthologyas%hatabove.Fragmentlshlghlychlori%ized withabundant musc,eerlclte,epldote,and carbonate.

< or ~ 2 mm. grained, gnelesose.

olive brown blot 8%

forest green hbl 2%

plag 70%

qtz 20%

acc.: apatlte, sphene, muscovite

plag and qtz grains occasionally up to 5 mm.

CORESECTION #7 (3494’ 8" - 3504~ 4")

The seventh core interval consisted of BHG (M), PBS (m), QFS

(m), and QPK pegmatlte (m). The BH8 in this core was even I - 2

mm. grained gneiss, well laminated on a 2 - 4 mm. scale with

variable amounts of QFS. Total maflcs in the gneiss ranged from

10% to 15%. Foliation in the core was subhorlzontal and varied

from moderate to good in 6" - 12"

core showed chlorite sllckensldes.

chips collected at 3463’ and 3523’.

3463’

layers. A few breaks in the

Thin sections were cut from

< or = I mm. grained, gnelssose.

olive brown blot 10%

p!ag (ser!clt!zed) 80%

qtz (interstitial to plag, undulose) 10%

12

3523~

< or = 1.5 mm. grained, gnelssose.

olive brown blot 9~

forest green hbl 1~

plag 80~

qtz (interstitial to plag) 10~

CORESECTION #8 (3985’ 4" - 3994’ 7")

The eighth core consisted of BHG (M), BPG (M), Alask (M),

Amph (s), QFS (m), and PBS (m). The BHG in this core was

visually indistinguishable from that in the #6 core. The BPG

contained about 5~ blot, was about I mm. grained and appeared

qtz-rlch. Both plag gnelsses varied from moderately to well

follated with 4" - 12" constant fabric layers. All foliation in

this core was subhorlzontal.

that it was broken into about

for it’s entire length. This

the rock (assuming it was under

Thin sections were cut from chips collected at

3943’

A unique feature of this core was

1 cm. wafers parallel to foliation

may have been due to relaxation of

high stress) during drilling.

3943’ and 4043’.

coarse grained: maflcs < or = 2 mm.felslcs < or = 4 mm.gnelssose.

golden brown, mildly chlorltlzed blot

forest green hbl

plag

qtz, sphene, mgt, epldote

13

< or = i mm. grained, gnelssose.

golden brown blot 5~

plag 40~

mlcrocllne 30~

qtz 25~

CORE SECTION #9 (4440’ 0" - 4448’ 7")

free QFS

At1 rock

to good.

4464’

BH.._~G

The final (ninth) core consisted of BHG (M), QPG (M), Amph

(s), QFS (m) and QPK pegmatlte (m). The BHG contained 20~ - 25~

maflcs and was even grained. The QPG was a unique llthology to

this core. The similarity of this llthology with hbl and dlop-

made this rock a good candidate for a vein material.

types had subhorlzontal foliation varying from moderate

Thin sections were out of chips collected at 4464’.

grain size: maflcs < or = 1.5 mm.felslcs < or = 2 mm.gnelssose.

golden brown blot

forest green hbl

qtz (undulose and sutured) 20%

plag 65%

14

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SUMMARY OF ABBREVIATIONS USEDIN THE DESCRIPTION OF

CUTTINGS FROM THE 1987MOODUS 4764’ WELL

PREPARED BY: CLIFFORD AMBERS

INDIANA UNIVERSITYBLOOMINGTON, INDIANA 47405

SEPTEMBER - OCTOBER, 1987

I

INTRODUCTION

Followlng is a glossary of abbrevlat~ons used

cuttlngs collected at 20’ ~ntervals from the deep

dr~lled near Moodus Connecticut during early

Abbreviations were found necessary due to the large

samples from the well (231) and relatively short

to complete description of materials from the well.

begins w~th general abbreviations Used mostly ~n

portion of each description. M~neralog~c and

~n describing

well (4764’)

summer 1987.

number of

available

The glossary

the "notes"

l~tholog~c

abbrev~atlons are then l~sted.

completely described

accompanying each of

Moodus #1 well logs.

The l~tholog~es included here are

In the SUMMARY OF LOGGING CONVENTIONS

%he Moodus Deep, G~llette’s Castle and

The interested ~nvestlgator is referred to

that document for full descr~ptlon of m~neralog~c and fabric

varlat~ons found in each l~thology. Finally, fabric

abbreviations are g~ven followed by a short explanation of common

combinations of abbrevlat~ons and m~scellaneous shorthand

notations.

GENERAL ABBREVIATIONS

acc accessory

altered, alteration

apprec appreciable

dk dark

frag(s) fragment, fragments

med medium

MFS mean fragment s~ze

mod moderate

seg segregation

v very

MINERALOGIC

act actinolite

blot biotite

chl chlorite

dlop dlopslde

fspar feldspar

gnt garnet

hornblende

mgt magnetite

musc muscovite

plag plagloclase

qtz quartz

4

LITHOLOGIC

alask alasklte

amph amphlbollte

ap apllte

BAS biotite amphibole (most commonly actlnollte) schls%

BGG biotite granitic gneiss

biotite hornblende gneiss

BHS biotite hornblende schist

BHS biotite mylonltlc schist

BPG biotite plagioclase gneiss

BQP blotlte quartz plagloclase schist, commonly approachesa gneissic fabric

mlcrobreccla very fine grained rock with evident minute clastsof host rock minerals

5

MMS muscovite mylonltlc schist

myl sch mylonltlc schist

PBS plagloclase biotite schist, commonly granofelslc

peg pegmatlte

phylli%ic appearing rock with anastomoslng follaindicative of a fault origin

(~DG quartz dlopslde granofels

(~FS quartz feldspar se~regatlon

QPK peg quartz pla~ioclase kspar pegmatlte, subequal amounts

v. qtz vein quartz

FABRIC

fol follated, fol~atlon

gfsc granofelslc

gns gnelsslc

myl mylonitic

phyll phylli%Ic

sch schistose

vein vein fill~ng

MISCELLANEOUS

hornblende to blo%ite ratio equals approximatelyn to n. used to describe maflc constituents ofBH8.

mod well moderately well follated and llneated

BQP - BMS gradatlonal between BQP and BMS. used with otherrock types as well. usually refers to fabric orsome mineral content.

8

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