CONDITIONAL

SENTENCES

INTRODUCTION

Son oraciones compuestas por una frase subordinada que expresa la condición y una principal que expresa el resultado.

No importa el orden en que se coloquen, pero si la condición va en primer lugar, se usa una coma entre ambas frases

If it rains, we will stay at home We will stay at home if it rains

FIRST CONDITIONAL

PRESENT SIMPLE FUTURE SIMPLE IF + PRESENT SIMPLE IMPERATIVE MODAL VERB

If you heat water, it boils If the weather is good, we will go to the beach If you don't find the documents, phone me If he comes to Madrid, he can stay with us

FIRST CONDITIONAL

UNLESS (if not): significa “si no” y sólo se puede usar en este tipo de condicional Unless it rains, we will go to the beach (if it doesn't rain, we will go to the beach) Unless you pass your exams, you will study during

the summer (if you don't pass your exams, you will study during

the summer) El primer tipo de condicional es real y se refiere al presente

o futuro.

SECOND CONDITIONAL IF + PAST SIMPLE CONDITIONAL SIMPLE

COULD + VERB

If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car If you arrived early, we could go out for dinner If they didn't invite us to the party, we wouldn't go

SECOND CONDITIONAL Con el verbo “to be” se usa la forma “were” en todas las

personas If I were you, I wouldn't cheat in exams If he were at home, we'd visit him

En español la condición se traduce con el pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo: “si fuera/ aprobara/ estudiase/ cantase...”

El segundo tipo de condicional se refiere al futuro y tiene significado hipotético.

THIRD CONDITIONAL

IF + PAST PERFECT CONDITIONAL PERFECT MODAL PERFECT

If we had travelled to Paris, we would have seen the Eiffel Tower

If I had read the book, I could have talked about it If you hadn't studied so hard, you wouldn't have passed

your exams

THIRD CONDITIONAL

El tercer condicional se refiere al pasado y expresa una

condición imposible de cumplir.

En español se traduce con el pretérito pluscuamperfecto

de subjuntivo ( si hubiera sabido/ si hubiese hecho/

si hubiéramos cantado...)

TIME CLAUSES(ORACIONES TEMPORALES)

Cuando se refieren al futuro se forman como el primer tipo de condicional, es decir

TIME ADVERB + PRESENT SIMPLE------> FUTURE When I arrive home I will have a shower As soon as I finish working I will phone him By the time he is 18, he will get his driving license Don't go out until you finish your homework As long as you live in my house, you will obey me

EXERCISES

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