condensation & hydrolysis
DESCRIPTION
Condensation & Hydrolysis. The putting together and taking apart of molecules!!. Section 1 Carbon Compounds. Chapter 3. Large Carbon Molecules. Condensation reactions join monomers (small simple molecules) to form polymers . A condensation reaction releases water as a by-product. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Condensation & Hydrolysis
The putting together and taking apart of molecules!!
Section 1 Carbon CompoundsChapter 3
Large Carbon Molecules
• Condensation reactions join monomers (small simple molecules) to form polymers. A condensation reaction releases water as a by-product.
• In a hydrolysis reaction, water is used to split polymers into monomers.
CondensationThe connecting of monomers into polymers.
A monomerAnother monomerA chemical bondA polymer!
HydrolysisTwo monomersA polymer
Pop Quiz, Hot Shots!
Simple sugars to carbohydrates = Condensation
Nucleotides to nucleic acids = Condensation
Amino acids to proteins = Condensation
Lipids to fatty acids = Hydrolysis
Condensation and Hydrolysis are powered by enzymes!
Proteins that speed up biological reactions (act like catalysts)
The Official Condensation Reaction Definition
An enzyme-mediated reaction leading to the covalent linkage of small molecules and the formation of water as a by-product.
Director of Biochemistry
Condensation Step By Step:1. One monomer loses a H+ and the other loses a OH- group with the help of an enzyme.
O
OH
H HEnzyme
H
Condensation Step By Step:
H H
O
2. The two monomers are covalently joined.3. The H+ and OH- removed in step one form water.
HHOH2O
A Monomer A Monomer
Macromolecule
Bond
H HO
Enzyme
O
H H
Condensation
Builds Macromolecles!!
The End Result:
This reaction produces a polymer which can be anywhere from three monomers to millions of monomers in size!!
The Official Hydrolysis Reaction Definition
An enzyme-mediatedreaction in whichcovalent bonds break,splitting a molecule intwo or more parts withH+ and OH- (derivedfrom water) becomingattached to the exposedbonding sites.
Director of Biochemistry
Hydrolysis Step By Step:
H
O
HO
1. Covalent bonds between monomers are broken with the help of an enzyme.
H
H
2. A water molecule is split into H+ and OH-
Enzyme
3. This newly split water is attached to the newly split monomers.
H2O
H
O
H
H
O
H
You suck!
YouSuck More!Covalent
Bond
Hydrolysis
.
H
O
H
Me You
A Polymer
H
O
H
HHOH2O
Enzyme
Me You
A Polymer
Hydrolysis
Splits Macromolecles!!
Summing UpSumming Up
•Condensation Condensation connects things connects things together.together.
•Hydrolysis breaks Hydrolysis breaks things apart.things apart.