Concussion Training Concussion Training Cambridge Cambridge

OverviewOverview

A. Concussion LAWA. Concussion LAW

B. What is a concussion?B. What is a concussion?

C. DetectionC. Detection

D. InterventionD. Intervention

E. Prevention E. Prevention

F. Questions F. Questions

Concussion Law Act 172Concussion Law Act 172

At the beginning of a season for a youth athletic activity, the person operating the At the beginning of a season for a youth athletic activity, the person operating the youth athletic activity shall distribute a concussion and head injury information sheet youth athletic activity shall distribute a concussion and head injury information sheet to each person who will be coaching that youth athletic activity and to each person to each person who will be coaching that youth athletic activity and to each person who wishes to participate in that youth sport activity. who wishes to participate in that youth sport activity.

A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) may not A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) may not participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a health care participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a health care provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity from the health provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity from the health care provider care provider

https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2011/related/acts/172

FAQs FAQs Q:  When you have multi-sport athletes, can they sign annual information sheets or Q:  When you have multi-sport athletes, can they sign annual information sheets or

must they do one for each season?  must they do one for each season?     A:  No.  The distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed A:  No.  The distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed

receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity in which the athlete participates.each athletic activity in which the athlete participates.

Q:  If a person coaches multiple sports can he or she receive info one time Q:  If a person coaches multiple sports can he or she receive info one time per year?per year?

    A:  No. As with multi-sport athletes, the distribution of concussion information A:  No. As with multi-sport athletes, the distribution of concussion information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgment materials must occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity the person occur at the beginning of each season for each athletic activity the person coaches.  In addition, the distribution of information materials and collection coaches.  In addition, the distribution of information materials and collection of signed receipt acknowledgements are required for each of signed receipt acknowledgements are required for each ‘‘employer/youth employer/youth athletic event organizationathletic event organization’’. For example, if  a high school baseball coach . For example, if  a high school baseball coach coaches for the school district and another youth athletic activity such as an coaches for the school district and another youth athletic activity such as an American Legion Post, the coach must receive concussion information American Legion Post, the coach must receive concussion information materials and  acknowledge receipt of such materials from both the school materials and  acknowledge receipt of such materials from both the school district and the American Legion Post.  district and the American Legion Post.  

http://www.wiaawi.org/index.php?id=794

FAQs Cont.FAQs Cont.Liability on professionals and volunteer coachesLiability on professionals and volunteer coaches– (4)(4) (a) An athletic coach, or official involved in a youth athletic activity, or health (a) An athletic coach, or official involved in a youth athletic activity, or health

care provider shall remove a person from the youth athletic activity if the coach, care provider shall remove a person from the youth athletic activity if the coach, official, or health care provider determines that the person exhibits signs, official, or health care provider determines that the person exhibits signs, symptoms, or behavior consistent with a concussion or head injury or the coach, symptoms, or behavior consistent with a concussion or head injury or the coach, official, or health care provider suspects the person has sustained a concussion official, or health care provider suspects the person has sustained a concussion or head injury. or head injury.

– (b) A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) (b) A person who has been removed from a youth athletic activity under par. (a) may not participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a may not participate in a youth athletic activity until he or she is evaluated by a health care provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity health care provider and receives a written clearance to participate in the activity from the health care providerfrom the health care provider

– (5)(5) (a) Any athletic coach, official involved in an athletic activity, or volunteer who (a) Any athletic coach, official involved in an athletic activity, or volunteer who fails to remove a person from a youth athletic activity under sub. (4) (a) is immune fails to remove a person from a youth athletic activity under sub. (4) (a) is immune from civil liability for any injury resulting from that omission from civil liability for any injury resulting from that omission unless it constitutes unless it constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton misconductgross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct. .

– (b) Any volunteer who authorizes a person to participate in a youth athletic activity (b) Any volunteer who authorizes a person to participate in a youth athletic activity under sub. (4) (b) is immune from civil liability for any injury resulting from that act under sub. (4) (b) is immune from civil liability for any injury resulting from that act unless the act constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct. unless the act constitutes gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct.

– (6)(6) This section does not create any liability for, or a cause of action against, any This section does not create any liability for, or a cause of action against, any person. person.

https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2011/related/acts/172

What is a concussion?What is a concussion?

A concussion is A concussion is caused by a blow, caused by a blow, bump, or jolt to the bump, or jolt to the head or body that head or body that causes the brain to causes the brain to move rapidly inside move rapidly inside the skull. the skull.

http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/Parents_Fact_Sheet-a.pdf

What is a Concussion cont. What is a Concussion cont.

All concussions ARE All concussions ARE brain injuries!brain injuries!

Concussions are mild Concussions are mild traumatic brain traumatic brain injuries (TBI)injuries (TBI)

CT and MRI are CT and MRI are usually normal in usually normal in athletes with athletes with concussions concussions

Imagery testing Imagery testing completed to rule out completed to rule out brain bleeds or skulls brain bleeds or skulls fractures fractures

MD Lynch, Stacy L, Concussions: Recognition, Management, Safe Return to Play and Legislations 2012

Detection Detection

Parent Observed:Parent Observed:

1.1. Appears dazed or Appears dazed or stunned stunned

2.2. Moves clumsily Moves clumsily

3.3. Mood or personality Mood or personality changes changes

4.4. Slow response to Slow response to questions questions

Athlete Reported: Athlete Reported:

1.1. Headache or Headache or ““PressurePressure””

2.2. Nausea or vomiting Nausea or vomiting

3.3. Double or blurred Double or blurred visionvision

4.4. Confusion Confusion

http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/Parents_Fact_Sheet-a.pdf

Detection Detection

Commonly Reported Symptoms:Commonly Reported Symptoms:– 1. Headache 71%1. Headache 71%– 2. Feeling Slowed Down 58%2. Feeling Slowed Down 58%– 3. Difficulty Concentrating 57%3. Difficulty Concentrating 57%– 4. Dizziness 55%4. Dizziness 55%– 5. Fogginess 53%5. Fogginess 53%

Concussions today are still under-reported Concussions today are still under-reported by youth athletes.by youth athletes.

Lowell, Collins et al.2004, MD Lynch, Stacy L, Concussions: Recognition, Management, Safe Return to Play and Legislations 2012

Intervention Intervention

Evaluate for Evaluate for signs/symptoms signs/symptoms

Take note of athleteTake note of athlete’’s s report at time of removalreport at time of removal

Players should return Players should return after ALL signs and after ALL signs and symptoms have subsided symptoms have subsided (Average 7-10 days) (Average 7-10 days)

Evaluations are encouraged Evaluations are encouraged to be completed by to be completed by licensed officials.licensed officials.

If none are present, an If none are present, an emergency physician emergency physician should be consultedshould be consulted

““When in doubt, sit them outWhen in doubt, sit them out””

http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf

Prevention – Education Prevention – Education

CDC CDC ““Heads upHeads up”” – http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/HeadsUp/http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/HeadsUp/

youth.html youth.html

WIAAWIAA– http://www.wiaawi.org/Health/http://www.wiaawi.org/Health/

Concussions.aspx Concussions.aspx

NFHSNFHS– www.nfhs.org

Prevention-Protective Equipment Prevention-Protective Equipment

Inconclusive data that mouth guards prevent or lessen Inconclusive data that mouth guards prevent or lessen severity of concussions. Mouth guards have been linked severity of concussions. Mouth guards have been linked to reducing oral injuries. to reducing oral injuries.

Helmet use effecting concussion prevention is Helmet use effecting concussion prevention is inconclusive. However helmets have been proven to inconclusive. However helmets have been proven to reduce other head injuries. If worn, be sure they fit reduce other head injuries. If worn, be sure they fit properly and are not expired. properly and are not expired.

http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/43/Suppl_1/i56.abstract http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/43/Suppl_1/i56.abstract

http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/coaches_Engl.pdf

Communication- CoachCommunication- Coach

Developing relationships with players Developing relationships with players increases the chance that the athlete will increases the chance that the athlete will report symptoms when apparent.report symptoms when apparent.

Female athletes have been concluded to Female athletes have been concluded to be more likely to report symptoms as be more likely to report symptoms as opposed to males. opposed to males.

Communication-ParentCommunication-Parent

You know your athlete the best! Take note You know your athlete the best! Take note to abnormal changes in behavior, mood, to abnormal changes in behavior, mood, demeanor, etc.demeanor, etc.

If symptoms are present at home, If symptoms are present at home, communication between coach is communication between coach is extremely important. extremely important.

Communication-Athlete Communication-Athlete

If you think you have a concussion…report If you think you have a concussion…report it! Do not fear negative consequences.it! Do not fear negative consequences.

Give yourself time to rest and get better!Give yourself time to rest and get better!

Questions?Questions?