Conceptual Design of an Enhanced Multipurpose

Aerometric Monitoring Network in Central California

NOV. 15, 2002 AWMA SYMPOSIUM ON AIR QUALITY NOV. 15, 2002 AWMA SYMPOSIUM ON AIR QUALITY MEASUREMENT METHODS & TECHNOLOGYMEASUREMENT METHODS & TECHNOLOGY

James Sweet James Sweet Evan Shipp Evan Shipp

Saffet TanrikuluSaffet Tanrikulu Robin DeMandelRobin DeMandel

Steve ZimanSteve Ziman

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• Purpose and structure• Rationale for design• Goals of the enhanced network• Objectives• Design criteria and parameters• Central California conceptual network design• Prior research

Presentation of Conceptual Design of an Enhanced Multipurpose Aerometric Monitoring Network in Central California

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• Purpose: The conceptual design was prepared for presentation to the member organizations and agencies that plan and oversee our field studies to identify monitoring network modifications that would reduce reliance on major field study results

• Disclaimer: The conceptual design does not represent an active project or commitment by the members

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Structure and Mission

• Technical Committee identifies potential air quality research and modeling projects

• Policy Committee selects projects for funding as Central California Air Quality Studies and approves project design

• Joint Powers Agency – San Joaquin Valleywide Air Pollution Study Agency administers public and private funding

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Policy & Technical RepresentativesPolicy & Technical Representatives• Government:

– Federal EPA, DOD, USDA, NOAA – State ARB, CEC– Local SJVUAPCD, BAAQMD, SMAQMD

• Private Sector: Oil, Agriculture, Utilities• Government and industry consensus

approach partnership to conduct air quality research that provides sound scientific basis for decision making in the regulatory process

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Rationale for DesignRationale for DesignCompliance oriented network is not designed for

modeling input and model evaluation needsAdvantages of permanent network enhancement

as alternative to major field studiesDaily forecasting and annual analysis would be

improved by network enhancementProvide model episode representativeness for

episodes not captured in studies Provide more emphasis for precursor species

measurements to address ozone, PM and air toxics strategy integration

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Goals of Enhanced Network• Increase confidence and quality of trend

assessments, modeling and planning

• Provide sufficient air quality and meteorology characterization data to support– Improved air quality data analysis– Improved daily air quality forecasting and smoke

management decision making– Improved synoptic modeling– Modeling capability for all ozone episodes– Modeling of entire ozone season

• Integrate assessment and planning for precursors common to ozone, PM, and air toxics

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Objectives• Annually update trend assessment for criteria

pollutants and precursors for evaluation of progress, provide multi-year data as opposed to field programs to identify signal from noise and quantify signal

• Annually assess alternative progress metrics such as population and area exposure

• Improve precision of air quality forecasting for health advisories, smoke management decisions for burn days and synoptic scale meteorological modeling

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Objectives (continued)• Update reconciliation of air quality to emissions• Evaluate expected to observed correlation of

emissions reductions to air quality to evaluate implementation effectiveness of plan strategy

• Model episodes that occur after the end of major field programs with comparable accuracy

• Provide data to model an entire ozone season to look for optimal strategy

• Assess pollutant transport in a variety of meteorological situations, do more than assess peak episodes

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Design Criteria• Design to meet scientific, technical and

regulatory needs for central California for criteria and non-criteria pollutants

• Define sites and measurements to support daily forecasting, capture the meteorological initial conditions and pattern for every episode, enhance precursor and criteria trend analysis and improve air quality modeling for episodes not captured by major field studies

• Detect temporal and spatial precursor limitations that vary for different episodes

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• Include sufficient pollutant chemistry characterization measurements to allow comparison of expected changes in precursor speciation and concentration attributable to emissions reduction strategies

• Measure hydrocarbons at essential locations to provide indications of ozone precursor reactivity that may produce subtle effects on ozone and secondary organic aerosol formation

• Collect data to provide more specificity for source-receptor relationship identification of sources that contribute to peak concentrations

Design Criteria (continued)

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• Sea breeze• On/offshore and

coastal flows• Marine fog & stratus • Marine air intrusion• Mixing depth/

Inversion strength• Convergence zones• Upslope/

downslope flows

• Bifurcation of delta flow• Up/down valley flows• Eddies and Jets• Complex terrain flows

and velocities via passes

• Synoptic deformation, subsidence

Meteorology Parameters to Capture

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• Characterize spatial and temporal patterns of ozone and precursors

• Measure at locations with linkage to sites used to create the meteorological field, link precursor and transport observations to ground truth modeling results

• Measure VOC species to observe atmospheric chemistry changes in response to emissions reduction implementation

• Measure with high accuracy, sensitivity & reduced artifact interference

Air Quality Design Parameters

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Existing Network

185 sites130 O3

76 NOx 11 VOC (PAM) 8 Upper air

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ConceptualNetworkDesign

39 NOy11 at PAM sites28 in three regions

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Conceptual Network Design

37 VOC11 existing PAM sites14 Proposed12 Possible

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ConceptualNetwork Design

22 Upper Air 8 Existing14 in three regions

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Prior Research

• Extensive monitoring and modeling programs in Central California– late80s: SOUTHERN SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY OZONE STUDY– 1990s: SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY AIR QUALITY STUDY

CALIFORNIA REGIONAL PM AIR QUALITY STUDY

– 2000+: CENTRAL CALIFORNIA OZONE STUDY

• Designed to support data analysis modeling– PAST EXPERIENCE USED TO GUIDE NEXT PROGRAM– MONITORING NETWORK ENHANCED BY EACH PROGRAM– COMBINED ENHANCED DAILY MONITORING AND

FORECASTING WITH INTENSIVE OPERATING PERIOD (IOP) ADDITIONAL MEASUREMENTS FOR FORECASTED EPISODES

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San Joaquin Valley Air Quality Study

California Regional PM Air Quality Study

Central California Ozone Study

A Continuum of Studies

1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

Southern San Joaquin Valley Ozone Study

Total cost $50 million

2020

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For More Information

http://www.arb.ca.gov/airways/ccaqs.htm

• Study descriptions

• Documents

• Database

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Questions?