con 243 architect-engineering contracting lesson 3 student ......con 243 lesson 3 student guide : 9...

CON 243 Architect-Engineering Contracting

Lesson 3 Student Guide

March 2020

CON 243 Lesson 3 Student Guide

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Table of Contents Lesson 3 – Statement of Work ...................................................................................................................... 4

Lesson Details ............................................................................................................................................... 5

Performance Work Statement ...................................................................................................................... 6

Case Study ................................................................................................................................................... 10

Data Sources ............................................................................................................................................... 15

Elements of the PWS/SOW ......................................................................................................................... 17

Environmental Considerations .................................................................................................................... 22

Sustainable Design Considerations ............................................................................................................. 24

Comprehensive Procurement Guide .......................................................................................................... 32

IDIQ Contracts ............................................................................................................................................. 46

Options ........................................................................................................................................................ 49

Summary ..................................................................................................................................................... 52

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Statement of Work Introduction The A-E performance work statement (or statement of A-E services, also sometimes referred to as the statement of work) is the document that tells the contractor exactly what will be required during contract performance. The statement of work also may aid in preparing the project advertisement. The performance

work statement will be reviewed by the evaluation board(s) in selecting the most highly qualified firm for the project. Technical people write the A-E services performance work statement. The contracts mission support people should review this performance work statement to ensure that it is contractually sound. The contracts people should be able to read the performance work statement and determine exactly what will be required of the A-E firm awarded the contract. Questions to ponder: How do you describe creativity? How do you document professional qualifications?


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Lesson Details

Terminal Learning Objective

Given a requirement for architect-engineer services, breakdown the elements necessary for performance work statements.

Enabling Learning Objectives

• Compare the differences between the work scope and the performance work statement.

• Interpret when the performance work statement for the project should be written.

• Employ information sources used to develop performance work statements.

• Describe the purpose of an A-E performance work statement and summarize the essential elements which the PWS should contain.

• Examine the effect of environmental law and Executive Order on requirements for A-E contracts.

• Apply the additional requirements necessary when the contract will be an indefinite delivery contract.

• Distinguish between the different types of options which may be written into the contract.

• Identify the additional requirements necessary when the contract will contain an option.


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Performance Work Statement

Work Scope versus Performance Work Statement There are two terms used in contracting that may cause confusion. Those two terms are “work scope” and “performance work statement.” The terms may be confusing because they often mean significantly different things to the various team members involved in

the project, or may have different meanings at the various stages of project development: Perspective matters and will drive an individual’s performance. For example, consider the Engineering Installation Squadron Facility used in Lesson 2 for the advertisement. Think of the work scope from the perspectives of: • The Project Manager • The Architect-Engineer firm • The Construction firm A statement of work (SOW) is the portion of a contract which establishes and defines all non-specification requirements for contractor's efforts either directly or with the use of specific cited documents. The SOW should specify in clear, understandable terms the work to be done in developing or producing the facility to be delivered or services to be performed by the contractor. Preparation of an effective SOW requires both an understanding of the facility functions that are needed to satisfy a particular requirement and an ability to define what is required in specific, quantitative terms. A SOW prepared in explicit terms will enable offerors to clearly understand the government's needs. This facilitates the preparation of responsive proposals and timely completion of the facility. A well written SOW also aids the Government in the conduct of the source selection and contract administration after award. After contractor selection and contract award, the contract SOW becomes a standard for measuring contractor performance. Consequently, the SOW writer must consider the contractual and legal implications of the SOW during its preparation. As the contracted effort progresses, the government and the contractor will refer to the SOW to determine their respective rights and obligations. In this respect, the SOW defines the contract and is subject to the


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interpretations of contract law. The SOW must clearly define the work to be performed, since the language detailing the contractor's effort may be pertinent to legal questions concerning the scope of work. In a dispute concerning performance, rights, or obligations, clearly defined requirements as contained in the contract schedule will enhance the legal enforceability of a SOW, which has a high level of precedence in the solicitation document and contract as stated in FAR 52.215-8.1 A performance work statement (PWS) is a statement of work for performance-based acquisitions that describes the required results in clear, specific and objective terms with measurable outcomes. The PWS should state requirements in general terms of what (result) is to be done, rather than how (method) it is done. The PWS gives the contractor maximum flexibility to devise the best method to accomplish the required result. The PWS must be written to ensure that all offerors compete equally. The U.S. Government must remove any features that could restrict a potential offeror. However, the PWS must also be descriptive and specific enough to protect the interests of the U.S. Government and to promote competition. The clarity and explicitness of the requirements in the PWS will invariably enhance the quality of the proposals submitted. A definitive PWS is likely to produce definitive proposals, thus reducing the time needed for proposal evaluation. Preparing a PWS begins with an analytical process, often referred to as a "job analysis." It involves a close examination of the agency's requirements and tends to be a "bottom up" assessment with "re-engineering" potential. This analysis is the basis for establishing performance requirements, developing performance standards, writing the performance work statement, and producing the quality assurance plan. Those responsible for the mission or program are essential to the performance of the job analysis. A different approach to the analytical process is described in the "Guidebook for the Acquisition of Services." It describes the Requirements Roadmap Process and the availability of a database PWS and QASP authoring tool known as the Acquisition Requirements Roadmap Training (ARRT) tool. The ARRT provides authoring question and answer "wizards" to guide users through the requirements roadmap process to create standardized PWS and Quality Assurance Surveillance Plan (QASP) templates. In summary, the requirements roadmap process includes the following tasks: Define the desired outcomes: What must be accomplished to satisfy the requirement? Conduct an outcome analysis: What tasks must be accomplished to arrive at the desired outcomes?

1 Acquipedia https://dap.dau.mil/acquipedia/Pages/ArticleDetails.aspx?aid=488854b0-d8ee-4e32-aa3e-301d2ac8ffca

https://dap.dau.mil/acquipedia/Pages/ArticleDetails.aspx?aid=488854b0-d8ee-4e32-aa3e-301d2ac8ffca



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Conduct a performance analysis: When or how will I know that the outcome has been satisfactorily achieved, and how much deviation from the performance standard will I allow the contractor, if any? When a contract is awarded, the PWS is legally binding upon the contractor and the U.S. Government. It provides an objective measure so that both the U.S. Government and the contractor will know when increments of work are completed and payments are justified.2

Work Scope Project Manager’s perspective: The Project Manager’s (PM) perspective is the complete project oversight from initial authorization until the project is turned over to the customer. The PM should be involved in developing the design requirements, design firm selection, oversight during construction, etc. The scope of

work for the overall project is determined by the document that authorizes the complete project. Workflow Learning Link: Click on the in the slide the link to the Acquipedia article on SOW-PWS-SOO. Also point out the link in the SG at the bottom of pages 8 and 9. Work Scope A-E firm’s perspective: The A-E firm will consider what is contained in the performance statements of A-E services incorporated in the design contract. Primarily, the work will be the design of the facility; however, the A-E firm may be tasked to perform some services during the project’s construction (such as review of submittals, possible supervision and inspection, etc.). The performance statement of A-E services, not the DD Form 1391, will define the work scope for the A-E firm. The DD Form 1391 does not fully describe the A-E contract requirements, such as size of drawings, submittal requirements, development of cost estimates. Information may be taken from the DD Form 1391 and placed in the performance statement of A-E services, such as design parameters, materials, estimated cost of construction but, the actual work scope for the A-E firm is defined in the contract performance work statements.

2 Acquipedia https://dap.dau.mil/acquipedia/Pages/ArticleDetails.aspx?aid=488854b0-d8ee-4e32-aa3e-301d2ac8ffca




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Work Scope, Construction firm’s perspective After the design (plans and specifications) has been completed by the A-E firm, the Government adds the construction provisions and clauses and awards a construction contract. The construction contract defines the work scope for the construction firm, not the DD Form 1391. The work is defined by the plans and specifications developed by the A-E firm, plus the contract clauses and general provisions which have been added by the Government. If a construction contractor wanted to question whether or not a change order was “in scope,” it would not research the DD Form 1391, it would research the plans, specifications and other provisions of the construction contract. When is the performance work statement written? There is no FAR or DFARS requirement when the performance work statement must be written. Of course, it must be sent with the solicitation (RFP) to the selected firm; however, the performance work statement can be beneficial before that time. The performance work statement can be used to determine details for the project advertisement. It may also be helpful for evaluation board(s) members. Performance work statements are normally written by technical personnel.


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Case Study

Discussion Case Study: Comparison of Perspectives, • Owner, • Architect, • Builder. Lessons for Government contracting of Architect-Engineer Services

Fallingwater, also known as the Edgar J. Kaufmann Sr. Residence, is a house designed by American architect Frank Lloyd Wright in 1935 in rural southwestern Pennsylvania, 50 miles southeast of Pittsburgh, and is part of the Pittsburgh Metro Area. The house was built partly over a waterfall in Bear Run at Rural Route 1 in the Mill Run section of Stewart Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in the Laurel Highlands of the Allegheny Mountains. History Edgar Kaufmann Sr. was a successful Pittsburgh businessman and founder of Kaufmann's Department Store. His son, Edgar Kaufmann, Jr., studied architecture under Wright briefly. Edgar Sr. had been prevailed upon by his son and Wright to itemize the cost of his utopian model city. When completed, it was displayed at Kaufmann’s Department Store and Wright was a guest in the Kaufmann home, “La Tourelle”, a French Norman masterpiece that celebrated Pittsburgh architect Benno Janssen (1874-1964) had created in the stylish Fox Chapel suburb in 1923 for Edgar J. Kaufmann. The Kaufmanns and Wright were enjoying refreshments at La Tourelle when Wright, who never missed an opportunity to charm a potential client, said to Edgar Jr. in tones that the elder Kaufmanns were intended to overhear, “Edgar, this house is not worthy of your parents…” The remark spurred the Kaufmann’s interest in something worthier. Fallingwater would become the end result. The Kaufmanns owned some property outside Pittsburgh with a waterfall and some cabins. When the cabins at their camp had deteriorated to the point that something had to be rebuilt, Mr. Kaufmann contacted Wright. In November 1934 Wright visited Bear Run. He asked for a survey of the area around the waterfall, which he received in March 1935. This survey was prepared by Fayette Engineering Company of Uniontown, Pennsylvania and included all of the boulders, trees and topography. It took 9 months for his ideas for the site to crystallize into a design which was quickly sketched up by Wright in time for a visit by Kaufmann to Taliesin in September 1935. It was


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then that Kaufmann first became aware that Wright’s design was for the house to be built above the falls, rather than below the falls as he had expected. Design and Construction The structural design for Fallingwater was undertaken by Wright in association with Mendel Glickman and William Wesley Peters who had been responsible for the design of the revolutionary columns which were a feature of Wright’s design for the Johnson Wax Headquarters. Preliminary plans were issued to Kaufmann for approval on 15 October 1935 after which Wright made a further visit to the site and provided a cost estimate to his client. In December 1935 an old rock quarry was opened to the west of the water to provide the stones needed for the house’s walls. Wright only made periodic visits to the site during construction, instead assigning Bob Mosher who was one of his apprentices as his permanent on-site representative. The final working drawings were issued by Wright in March 1936 with work beginning on the bridge and the main house in April 1936. The construction was plagued by conflicts between Wright, Kaufmann and the construction contractor. Kaufmann had Wright’s design reviewed by a firm of consulting engineers as he doubted whether Wright had sufficient experience with using reinforced concrete. Upon receiving their report Wright took offense and immediately requested Kaufmann to return his drawings and indicated he was withdrawing from the project. Kaufmann apologized and the engineer’s report was subsequently buried within a stone wall of the house. After a visit to the site, Wright in June 1936 rejected the concrete work for the bridge, which had to be rebuilt. For the cantilevered floors Wright and his team used integral upside-down beams with the flat slab on the bottom forming the ceiling of the space below. The contractor, Walter Hall, who was also an engineer, produced independent computations and argued for increasing the reinforcement in the first floor’s slab. Wright rebuffed the contractor. While some sources state that it was the contractor who quietly doubled the amount of reinforcement, according to others, it was at Kaufmann’s request that his consulting engineers redrew Wright’s reinforcing drawings and doubled the amount of steel specified by Wright. This additional steel not only added weight to the slab but was set so close together that the concrete often could not properly fill in between the steel, which weakened the slab. In addition the contractor didn’t build in a slight upward incline in the formwork for the cantilever to compensate for the settling and drooping of the cantilever once the concrete had cured and the formwork was removed. As a result the cantilever developed a noticeable droop. Upon finding out what had been done Wright temporarily replaced Mosher with Edgar Tafel. The consulting engineers with Kaufmann’s approval arranged for the contractor to install a supporting wall under the main supporting beam for the


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west terrace. When Wright discovered it on a site visit he had Mosher discreetly remove the top course of stones. When Kaufmann later confessed to what had been done, Wright showed him what Mosher had done and pointed out that the cantilever had held up for the past month under test loads without the wall’s support. In October 1937 the main house was completed. Cost At the time of its construction, the house cost a total of $155,000 broken down as follows: house $75,000, finishing and furnishing $22,000, guest house, garage and servants quarters $50,000, architect's fee $8,000. Accounting for inflation, this translates to about $2.3 million in 2007 dollars. Use of the house Fallingwater was the family's weekend home from 1937 to 1963. In 1963, Kaufmann, Jr. donated the property to the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy. In 1964 it was opened to the public as a museum and nearly five million people have visited the house since (as of January 2008). It currently hosts more than 120,000 visitors each year. Style Fallingwater stands as one of Wright's greatest masterpieces both for its dynamism and for its integration with the striking natural surroundings. The extent of Wright's genius in integrating every detail of this design can only be hinted at in photographs. This organically designed private residence was intended to be a nature retreat for its owners. The house is well-known for its connection to the site: it is built on top of an active waterfall which flows beneath the house. The fireplace hearth in the living room is composed of boulders found on the site and upon which the house was built — one set of boulders which was left in place protrudes slightly through the living room floor. Wright had initially intended that these boulders would be cut flush with the floor, but this had been one of the Kaufmann family's favorite sunning spots, so Mr. Kaufmann insisted that it be left as it was. The stone floors are waxed, while the hearth is left plain, giving the impression of dry rocks protruding from a stream. Integration with the setting extends even to small details. For example, where glass meets stone walls, there is no metal frame; rather, the glass is caulked directly to the stone. There are stairways directly down to the water. And in the "bridge" that connects the main house to the guest and servant building, a natural boulder drips water inside, which is then directed back out. Bedrooms are small, some even with low ceilings, perhaps to encourage people outward toward the open social areas, decks, and outdoors. The active stream (which can be heard constantly throughout the house), immediate surroundings, and locally quarried stone walls and cantilevered terraces (resembling the nearby rock formations) are meant to be in harmony,


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in line with Wright's interest in making buildings that were more "organic" and which thus seemed to be more engaged with their surroundings. Although the waterfall can be heard throughout the house, it can't be seen without going outside. The design incorporates broad expanses of windows and the balconies are off main rooms giving a sense of the closeness of the surroundings. The experiential climax of visiting the house is an interior staircase leading down from the living room allowing direct access to the rushing stream beneath the house. Wright's views of what would be the entry have been argued about; still, the door Wright considered the main door is tucked away in a corner and is rather small. Wright's idea of the grand facade for this house is from the perspective of all the famous pictures of the house, looking up from downstream, viewing the opposite corner from the main door. On the hillside above the main house is a four-car carport (though the Kaufmanns had requested a garage), servants' quarters, and a guest bedroom. This attached outbuilding was built one year later using the same quality of materials and attention to detail as the main house. Just uphill from it is a small swimming pool, continually fed by natural water, which then overflows to the river below. Structural Problems Fallingwater's structural system includes a series of bold reinforced concrete cantilevered balconies. However, the house had problems from the beginning. Pronounced sags were noticed immediately with both of the prominent balconies - the living room and the second floor. The Western Pennsylvania Conservancy conducted an intensive program to preserve and restore Fallingwater. The structural work was completed in 2002. This involved a detailed study of the original design documents, observing and modeling the structure's behavior, then developing and implementing a repair plan. The study indicated that the original structural design and plan preparation had been rushed and the cantilevers had significantly inadequate reinforcement. As originally designed by Wright, the cantilevers would not have held their own weight.[14] The 2002 repair scheme involved temporarily supporting the structure; careful, selective, removal of the floor; post-tensioning the cantilevers underneath the floor; then restoring the finished floor. Given the humid environment directly over running water, the house also had mold problems. The senior Mr. Kaufmann called Fallingwater "a seven-bucket building" for its leaks, and nicknamed it "Rising Mildew" (Brand 1995).


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Discussion Questions

What was the vision for the project? What was the result of the project? Why does the Government contract for A-E design capabilities?


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Data Sources

Data sources Where do we get information for the A-E services performance statements? Military construction projects Military construction projects require a DD Form 1391. At the end of this lesson in the textbook, we will take a look at a DD Form 1391 for the Engineering

Installation Squadron Facility, AFB, CA. Look at the information and decide what would help develop the statement of A-E services. For example: • Block 3 - Installation and Location - Self explanatory • Block 4 - Project Title - Self explanatory • Block 8 - Project Cost - Self explanatory • Block 9 - Cost Estimates • Block 10 - Description of Proposed Construction • Other information Block 9 - Cost estimates Block 9 gives a cost breakout for different portions of the project, such as: • The square footage of the construction project • Support facilities that may be required • A subtotal for the construction project • An amount for contingencies, and • An amount for supervision, inspection and overhead (SIOH) Estimated cost of construction (FAR 36.609-1(b)) The estimated cost of construction (ECC) is the project cost prior to any amount for contingencies and supervision, inspection and overhead. A project ECC is also used to establish the range or magnitude discussed in Lesson 2 (see page 2-13, FAR 36.204 and DFARS 236.204.) The construction funding limitation (to be inserted in paragraph (c) of the clause at 52.236-22) is established during negotiations between the contractor and the Government.


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Block 10 - Description of Proposed Construction Block 10 will usually have a general description of the project that needs to be designed and constructed. This block should be used for describing the advertisement. It may talk about construction project materials, utility requirements, fire and security systems, parking capacity, etc. Block 10 may contain an extra paragraph, justifying why the project is needed, i.e., to replace an existing facility that is out dated, etc. Non-military construction projects Not all projects are authorized and funded as separate, single projects by the annual Military Construction Funding Appropriations Act. There are A-E projects for which we contract that are not funded by military construction funds. Examples: • Investigations • Studies • Reports • Alterations or renovations to existing facilities No matter what the project, some document will initiate the project, with appropriate funding.


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Elements of the PWS/SOW

Performance Work Statement Elements The format for the Performance Work Statement is currently determined by the contracting activity awarding the contract. There is no required FAR or DFARS format. However, Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy (DPAP) published the DoD Guidebook for Acquisition of Services, 20

July 2011 that provides strong format recommendations for Performance Work Statements. Please seek local agency guidance. Intent of the Contract The contract intent must be clearly stated in the Performance work statement. Exactly what is the architect engineer firm to do? For example: • Provide the design with plans and specifications • Do a master planning study • Investigations for environmental clean up • Provide record drawings of an existing facility If there are special requirements required by your agency, how is the architect-engineer firm to perform? • Is there an existing base architectural plan which the A-E firm must follow? • Does your agency use a guidebook that the A-E firm must follow? • Are there local environmental regulations the A-E firm must recognize? Project description: Exactly what is the project the A-E firm must design? • A BOQ • A Dry-dock • An airfield • An environmental study Put the information in the performance work statement as clearly as possible. The description should be as simply and completely stated as possible. Are there any known design parameters? • Do we know the approximate square footage for the facility? • Do we know what materials the Government wants the architect-engineer firm to use in the construction project design?


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• Do we know of any existing conditions the firm should know? Estimated cost of construction

The performance work statement is one place where the estimated cost of construction should be stated. The estimated cost of construction is important for two reasons: • The Design Within Funding Limitations Clause • The Six-Percent Statutory Fee Limitation

Design Within Funding Limitations - FAR 52.236-22 The Design within Funding Limitations clause requires the architect-engineer firm to “accomplish the design services required under this contract so as to permit the award of a contract, using standard Federal Acquisition Regulation procedures for

the construction of the facilities designed at a price that does not exceed the estimated construction contract price as set forth in paragraph (c) below.” This clause will be further discussed in Lesson 9 entitled “Contract Management and Administration.” Six percent statutory fee limitation - FAR 15.404-4(c)(4)(i)(B) and DFARS 236.606-70(c) Title 10 U.S.C. 2306(d) and 41 U.S.C. 254(b), require that for the award of contracts for architect-engineering services for public works facilities, the fee “for production and delivery of designs, plans, drawings, and specifications shall not exceed 6 percent of the estimated cost of construction of the public work or utility . . .”


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Schedule of submittals The Performance Work Statement must state all submittals to be provided the Government by the Contractor. Submittal requirements may differ among Department of Defense agencies. We must state which submittal is required and when it is due. For example, on a design contract we may want the following

submittals: • 10% to 15% - Project Definition due X number of weeks after NTP • 30% to 35% - Concept Design due X number of weeks after NTP • 65% - Interim Design due X number of weeks after NTP or 35% • 95% - Pre-Final Design • 100% - Final Design (Unreviewed) • 100% - Ready-To-Advertise (RTA) (Reviewed 100%)35% Concept

design We can require any submittal. We must remember, if we require a certain submittal, we must be ready to pay for it and ready to review it in a timely manner. Be specific when stating the submittal requirements in the Performance Work Statement. State which submittal is required; of what the submittal consists and when the submittal is due.

Technical criteria and standards The technical criteria and the standards which the A-E firm must design to must be in the performance work statement. Often these documents are available in a form that can be easily incorporated by reference into the performance work statement.

“Special considerations”


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There are other services that we may require the architect-engineer to provide. Some of those services could be in conjunction with the design contract and some may be in conjunction with the construction contract. Once again, remember that if we require the contractor to perform a service, we must be prepared to pay for it. Example of some other requirements: • Topographic surveys • Subsurface investigations • Interior design • Solar energy studies • Renderings • Security Considerations • Field verifications of data furnished to the A-E by the Government • Overnight express deliveries • Energy conservation matters • Construction contractor Quality Control provisions • Post Construction Award Services (also known as Construction Contract Support Services or Construction Phase Services).

Post Construction Award Services Many times the Government will use architect-engineer services with the resulting construction contract management and administration. Examples of these types of services are:

• Maintaining a submittals log • Review of contractor submittals • Monitoring and advising on construction contract progress schedule • Monthly visits to the construction site • Witnessing of soil load testing • Field consultation during construction • Evaluation of Value Engineering Proposals • Preparation of operation and maintenance manuals • Construction surveillance and inspection services Discussion Questions What is the intent of an A-E contract?


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Where is the most likely source for a project description? What is the estimated cost of construction found and what is its purpose? What is an A-E contract Schedule of Submittals?


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Environmental Considerations

Executive Order 13423 To ensure compliance with environmental laws and regulations we must ensure the proper guidance is included in the statement of work. The designer must understand the environmental laws and regulations that we are required to follow. This EO affirms that it is the

policy of the United States that agencies meet energy and environmental performance statutory requirements in a manner that increases efficiency, optimizes performance, eliminates unnecessary use of resources, and protects the environment. In implementing this policy, agencies are tasked to prioritize actions that reduce waste, cut costs, enhance the resilience of Federal infrastructure and operations, and enable more effective accomplishment of its mission. EO 13843 summarized: More specifically, the head of each agency is required to meet the following goals, which are based on statutory requirements, in a cost-effective manner:

• Achieve and maintain annual reductions in building energy use and implement energy efficiency measures that reduce costs (See the FedCenter.gov High Performance Buildings Program Area);

• Meet statutory requirements relating to the consumption of renewable energy and electricity (See the FedCenter.gov Energy Program Area);

• Reduce potable and non-potable water consumption, and comply with stormwater management requirements (See the FedCenter.gov Water Efficiency Program Area and the Pollution Prevention Program Area);

• Utilize performance contracting to achieve energy, water, building modernization, and infrastructure goals (See the FedCenter.gov Acquisition Program Area);

• Ensure that new construction and major renovations conform to applicable building energy efficiency requirements and sustainable design principles; consider building efficiency when renewing or entering into leases; implement space utilization and optimization practices; and annually assess and report on building conformance to sustainability metrics (See the FedCenter.gov Sustainability Program Area);

• Implement waste prevention and recycling measures and comply with all Federal requirements with regard to solid, hazardous, and toxic


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waste management and disposal (See the FedCenter.gov Chemical Management Program Area and the Pollution Prevention Program Area);

• Acquire, use, and dispose of products and services, including electronics, in accordance with statutory mandates for purchasing preference, Federal Acquisition Regulation requirements, and other applicable Federal procurement policies(See the FedCenter.gov Acquisition Program Area and the Electronic Stewardship Program Area); and

• Track and, as required by section 7(b) of this order, report on energy management activities, performance improvements, cost reductions, greenhouse gas emissions, energy and water savings, and other appropriate performance measures. (See the FedCenter.gov Greenhouse Gases Program Area and the Sustainability Program Area).

• https://www.sustainability.gov/resources.html for further information on this program

Other Environmental Requirements The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), Executive Order 13101 (entitled “Greening The Government Through Waste Prevention, Recycling, and Federal Acquisition” dated 14 September 1998), and Executive Order 13834 (entitled “Efficient Federal Operations” dated 18 May 2018) are primary documents that spell out the Government intent to improve its use of recycled products and environmentally preferable products and services. The RCRA and these Executive Orders impact direction which can be given to the A-E firm in the Performance Statement of A-E Services.

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) Section 6002 of the RCRA directs the US Environmental Protection Agency to: • Designate products that are or can be made from recovered materials and • Recommend practices for “procuring agencies” to use when buying these items.

Section 1004(17) of the Act defines “procuring agency as: • “any federal agency, or any State agency or agency of a political subdivision of a State which is using appropriated federal funds for such procurement, or

https://www.sustainability.gov/resources.html


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• any person contracting with any such agency with respect to the work performed under such contract.” Executive Order 13101 establishes the process for designating recycled content products. The products are designated in the Comprehensive Procurement Guideline (CPG), which is revised approximately every two years. • Published in the Federal Register • Then codified in the Code of Federal Regulations (Title 10, Part 247) Recommendations for purchasing these products are published in guidance documents known as Recovered Materials Advisory Notices (RMANs). • Issued in the Federal Register concurrently with the revision to the CPG (Also see website www.epa.gov/cpg.) Sustainable Design Considerations

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ According to the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC at www.usgbc.org), the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System™ encourages and accelerates global adoption of sustainable green building and

development practices through the creation and implementation of universally understood and accepted tools and performance criteria.3 LEED is a third-party certification program and the nationally accepted benchmark for the design, construction and operation of high performance green buildings. LEED gives building owners and operators the tools they need to have an immediate and measurable impact on their buildings’ performance. Various types of buildings can be certified using LEED. Projects include new or existing construction falling into various categories of facilities such as residential, industrial, or commercial. LEED promotes a whole-building approach to sustainability by recognizing performance in five key areas of human and environmental health:

3 http://www.usgbc.org/leed

http://www.usgbc.org/leed


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• Sustainable sites • Water efficiency • Energy & atmosphere • Material & resources • Indoor environmental quality Points are awarded under each category as well as for innovations in the design process, and the facility can be certified as “Platinum,” “Gold,” “Silver,” or “Certified” depending on the number points awarded. Many agencies are now requiring a “Silver” LEED rating for all new MILCON projects.


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LEED for New Construction v2.2 Registered Project Checklist

Yes ? No

Sustainable Sites 14 Points

Y Prereq 1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention RequiredCredit 1 Site Selection 1Credit 2 Development Density & Community Connectivity 1Credit 3 Brownfield Redevelopment 1Credit 4.1 Alternative Transportation, Public Transportation Access 1Credit 4.2 Alternative Transportation, Bicycle Storage & Changing Rooms 1Credit 4.3 Alternative Transportation, Low-Emitting & Fuel-Efficient Vehicles 1Credit 4.4 Alternative Transportation, Parking Capacity 1Credit 5.1 Site Development, Protect or Restore Habitat 1Credit 5.2 Site Development, Maximize Open Space 1Credit 6.1 Stormwater Design, Quantity Control 1Credit 6.2 Stormwater Design, Quality Control 1Credit 7.1 Heat Island Effect, Non-Roof 1Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect, Roof 1Credit 8 Light Pollution Reduction 1

Yes ? No

Water Efficiency 5 Points

Credit 1.1 Water Efficient Landscaping, Reduce by 50% 1Credit 1.2 Water Efficient Landscaping, No Potable Use or No Irrigation 1Credit 2 Innovative Wastewater Technologies 1Credit 3.1 Water Use Reduction, 20% Reduction 1Credit 3.2 Water Use Reduction, 30% Reduction 1

Energy & Atmosphere 17 Points

Y Prereq 1 Fundamental Commissioning of the Building Energy Systems RequiredY Prereq 2 Minimum Energy Performance RequiredY Prereq 3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management Required

Credit 1 Optimize Energy Performance 1 to 10 10.5% New Buildings or 3.5% Existing Building Renovations 1 14% New Buildings or 7% Existing Building Renovations 2 17.5% New Buildings or 10.5% Existing Building Renovations 3 21% New Buildings or 14% Existing Building Renovations 4 24.5% New Buildings or 17.5% Existing Building Renovations 5 28% New Buildings or 21% Existing Building Renovations 6 31.5% New Buildings or 24.5% Existing Building Renovations 7 35% New Buildings or 28% Existing Building Renovations 8 38.5% New Buildings or 31.5% Existing Building Renovations 9 42% New Buildings or 35% Existing Building Renovations 10

Credit 2 On-Site Renewable Energy 1 to 3 2.5% Renewable Energy 1 7.5% Renewable Energy 2 12.5% Renewable Energy 3

Credit 3 Enhanced Commissioning 1Credit 4 Enhanced Refrigerant Management 1Credit 5 Measurement & Verification 1Credit 6 Green Power 1

continued…

*Note for EAc1 : All LEED for New Construction projects registered after June 26 th, 2007 are required to achieve at least two (2) points under EAc1.

Project Name:Project Address:


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Yes ? No

Materials & Resources 13 Points

Y Prereq 1 Storage & Collection of Recyclables RequiredCredit 1.1 Building Reuse, Maintain 75% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1Credit 1.2 Building Reuse, Maintain 95% of Existing Walls, Floors & Roof 1Credit 1.3 Building Reuse, Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Structural Elements 1Credit 2.1 Construction Waste Management, Divert 50% from Disposal 1Credit 2.2 Construction Waste Management, Divert 75% from Disposal 1Credit 3.1 Materials Reuse, 5% 1Credit 3.2 Materials Reuse,10% 1Credit 4.1 Recycled Content, 10% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) 1Credit 4.2 Recycled Content, 20% (post-consumer + ½ pre-consumer) 1Credit 5.1 Regional Materials, 10% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regio 1Credit 5.2 Regional Materials, 20% Extracted, Processed & Manufactured Regio 1Credit 6 Rapidly Renewable Materials 1Credit 7 Certified Wood 1

Yes ? No

Indoor Environmental Quality 15 Points

Y Prereq 1 Minimum IAQ Performance RequiredY Prereq 2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) Control Required

Credit 1 Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring 1Credit 2 Increased Ventilation 1Credit 3.1 Construction IAQ Management Plan, During Construction 1Credit 3.2 Construction IAQ Management Plan, Before Occupancy 1Credit 4.1 Low-Emitting Materials, Adhesives & Sealants 1Credit 4.2 Low-Emitting Materials, Paints & Coatings 1Credit 4.3 Low-Emitting Materials, Carpet Systems 1Credit 4.4 Low-Emitting Materials, Composite Wood & Agrifiber Products 1Credit 5 Indoor Chemical & Pollutant Source Control 1Credit 6.1 Controllability of Systems, Lighting 1Credit 6.2 Controllability of Systems, Thermal Comfort 1Credit 7.1 Thermal Comfort, Design 1Credit 7.2 Thermal Comfort, Verification 1Credit 8.1 Daylight & Views, Daylight 75% of Spaces 1Credit 8.2 Daylight & Views, Views for 90% of Spaces 1

Yes ? No

Innovation & Design Process 5 Points

Credit 1.1 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title 1

Credit 1.2 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title 1Credit 1.3 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title 1Credit 1.4 Innovation in Design: Provide Specific Title 1Credit 2 LEED® Accredited Professional 1

Yes ? No

Project Totals (pre-certification estimates) 69 PointsCertified: 26-32 points, Silver: 33-38 points, Gold: 39-51 points, Platinum: 52-69 points


28

The FY 2012 NDAA was passed with a specific prohibition regarding LEED Gold and Platinum certifications Sec 2830(b) PROHIBITION ON USE OF FUNDS FOR LEED GOLD OR PLATINUM CERTIFICATION.— (1) PROHIBITION.—No funds authorized to be appropriated by this Act or otherwise made available for

the Department of Defense for fiscal year 2012 may be obligated or expended for achieving any LEED gold or platinum certification. (2) WAIVER AND NOTIFICATION.—the Secretary of Defense may waive the limitation in paragraph (1) if the Secretary submits a notification to the congressional defense committees at least 30 days before the obligation of funds toward achieving the LEED gold or platinum certification. (3) CONTENTS OF NOTIFICATION.—A notification shall include the following:

(A) A cost-benefit analysis of the decision to obligate funds toward achieving the LEED gold or platinum certification. (B) Demonstrated payback for the energy improvements or sustainable design features.

(4) EXCEPTION.—LEED gold and platinum certifications shall be permitted, and not require a waiver and notification under this subsection, if achieving such certification imposes no additional cost to the Department of Defense.

It is interesting to note that during this period there were two main concerns. First: that the “future savings” associated with LEED ratings had not materialized in spite of spending more for the design. In some cases, the future costs turned out to be more expensive than before due to hire trade skills required to maintain the high tech equipment. Second: That LEED was in effect a sole source, proprietary system.


29

While the first concern remains a point of contention, in late 2012 Green Globes – Green Building Initiative4 presented a competing third part environmental rating system.5 Green Globes is a web-based program for green building guidance and certification that includes an onsite assessment by a third party. Green Globes offers a

streamlined and smarter alternative to LEED as a way to advance the overall environmental performance and sustainability of commercial buildings. The program has modules supporting new construction - Green Globes for New Construction (NC), existing buildings – Green Globes for Continual Improvement of Existing Buildings (CIEB), existing healthcare buildings – Green Globes CIEB for Healthcare, and interiors - Green Globes for Sustainable Interiors (SI).

4 http://www.thegbi.org/green-globes/ 5 http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-12-16/business/os-cfb-cover-green-globes-1217-20121216_1_leed-certification-energy-efficient-buildings-green-globes

http://www.thegbi.org/green-globes/

http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-12-16/business/os-cfb-cover-green-globes-1217-20121216_1_leed-certification-energy-efficient-buildings-green-globes

http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2012-12-16/business/os-cfb-cover-green-globes-1217-20121216_1_leed-certification-energy-efficient-buildings-green-globes


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31


32

Comprehensive Procurement Guide

Comprehensive Procurement Guideline (CPG) The Comprehensive Procurement Guideline (CPG) program is part of EPA's continuing effort to promote the use of materials recovered from solid waste. Buying recycled-content products ensures that the

materials collected in recycling programs will be used again in the manufacture of new products. Currently there are 61 products designated in eight categories.6 The CPG program is authorized by Congress under Section 6002 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and Executive Order 13423. EPA is required to designate products that are or can be made with recovered materials, and to recommend practices for buying these products. Once a product is designated, procuring agencies are required to purchase it with the highest recovered material content level practicable. Purchasing products with recycled content is also part of the Executive Order (EO) 13514, "Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance" requirements and Federal Agency Strategic Sustainability Performance Plans. Executive Order 13514 requires Federal agencies to measure, report, and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) pollution from agency operations to reduce waste, increase efficiency, and cut costs. Product categories There are currently eight product categories covered by the Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines: • Paper and paper products • Vehicular products • Construction products • Transportation products • Park and recreation products • Landscaping products • Non-paper office products • Miscellaneous products

6 http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/cpg/

http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/cpg/


33

Construction products Most of these products are purchased through construction contracts. It is important, therefore, that architect and engineer and construction contracts direct the contractors to identify and use these products, as appropriate:7

• Building insulation • Carpet (polyester) • Carpet cushion • Cement and concrete • Consolidated and reprocessed latex paint • Floor tiles • Flowable fill • Laminated paperboard • Modular threshold ramps • Nonpressure pipe • Patio blocks • Railroad grade crossing surfaces • Roofing materials • Shower and restroom dividers/partitions • Structural fiberboard • Proposed: Nylon carpet and nylon carpet backing

Effect upon A-E contracts The A-E firms will be responsible for writing the plans and specifications for the construction contracts. The A-E firm must be aware which construction products are required to be materials that have been recycled, recovered, etc. Somewhere in the contract documents, this requirement must be stated. Additionally, Executive Order 13101 requires any contractor submitting reports to print or copy those reports of 30 percent post-consumer content paper. This applies to the A-E contract itself.

7 http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/cpg/products/construction.htm

http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/tools/cpg/products/construction.htm


34

Example of Environmental and Conservation incorporated into a Design

The San Antonio Medical Complex was designed by RKTL from Dallas, Texas. Many stakeholders originally wanted to replicate the existing architecture, ponderous brick façades with punched windows on every façade, regardless of orientation. The design team proposed to complement rather than mimic the existing aesthetic—to evolve from a military “fortress” toward an architecture of transparency and lightness. The design makes a very large building feel smaller in scale while responding to solar orientation and environmental context to create a positive environment for healing.


35

Published on AIA Top Ten (https://www.aiatopten.org) - Source URL: https://www.aiatopten.org/node/358

Architect – RTKL Dallas, Texas

San Antonio Military

Medical Hospital Project

Overview

South entrance.

The challenge of the San Antonio Military Medical Center (SAMMC) was to create an inviting, state-of-the-art hospital that doesn’t feel “military.”

The campus, located at Fort Sam Houston, contains many centers of excellence, including the military’s only Level 1 Emergency Trauma Center, its only American Burn Association verified Burn Unit, and the world-famous Institute of Surgical Research. At nearly two thirds the size of the existing facility, the 750,000-square-foot knits together a sprawling series of imposing, fortress-like structures to present a new face that is open, airy, light, and welcoming.

Many stakeholders originally wanted to replicate the existing architecture, ponderous brick façades with punched windows on every façade, regardless of orientation. The design team proposed to complement rather than mimic the existing aesthetic—to evolve from a military “fortress” toward an architecture of transparency and lightness. The design makes a very large building feel smaller in scale while responding to solar orientation and environmental context to create a positive environment for healing.

Location: 4241 George Beach Avenue Fort Sam Houston San Antonio Texas 78234 United States Project Owner: US Army Corps of Engineers Submitting Architect: RTKL Project Completion Date: September, 2011 Project Site:

https://www.aiatopten.org/

https://www.aiatopten.org/node/358


36

Previously Developed Land Project Type: Health Care – Hospital Inpatient


37

Project Site Context/Setting: Suburban Other Building Description: New Building or Project Gross Floor Area: 750,000 square feet BOMA Floor area method used?: No Hours of Operation: 24/7, 365 days Total project cost at time of completion, land excluded: $517,000,000.00

Design & Innovation

South facade.

Terra cotta brise soleil. SAMMC is home to a world-class burn treatment and recovery unit, and the design both accommodates this function and draws its architectural inspiration from it. During skin grafting, surgeons remove thin, healthy skin samples from a donor and perforate and stretch them to form a mesh that allows small samples to cover larger areas. Similarly, the brick skin of the existing building is reinterpreted in the skin of the new building as a lighter, terra-cotta mesh sutured onto the new façade. The dense screening protects burn patients from direct sun exposure while providing positive views and breaking down the scale of the exterior with striations of light and shade. A long trellis canopy spans the length of the south elevation, throwing dappled shade on the building and presenting the welcoming image of a large veranda. Under this umbrella, the footprint of the façade varies to break down the scale of a very long elevation while self-shading the building as the sun moves toward the west. Surfaces at the front edge have no fenestration, avoiding heat gain, while the surfaces at the back of the trellis are extensively glazed and shaded. These simple architectural gestures humanize the scale and image of the medical center while aiding environmental performance.


38

Regional/Community Design

SAMMC is easily accessed by alternative transportation and commuter routes. Two bus lines and multiple bicycle paths pass within a quarter mile of the entrance. Bike storage and shower/changing facilities are provided for staff. The site sits within half a mile of ten community services and a residential district with a density of 12.9 units per acre. The project consolidates multiple functions previously located in remote and separate locations, which improves accessibility for the community and commute times for staff. The client’s goal of creating a more inviting presence for the medical center was motivated in part to address community perceptions of the existing facility as a “fortress” or “bunker,” an uninviting military presence in the region. The soaring canopy, visible from outside the campus, offers the community welcoming image, which the client has described as “an icon of hope and healing.” This strategy also aims to give greater pride of place to the staff, which represents a sizeable portion of the regional population. Finally, SAMMC is the first military medical center to locate a helipad on the roof, allowing patients can be transported into the facility much more quickly due to this departure from standard military hospital design.

Metrics Estimated percent of occupants using public transit, cycling or walking: 25%

Land Use & Site Ecology

Typical landscape.

.

After the addition and renovation, SAMMC enjoys over 575,000 square feet of new dedicated open space, 15% more than the building footprint (just under 500,000 square feet). The new open space includes a stormwater retention pond, vegetated park areas, and landscaped courtyards. A central outdoor courtyard provides a buffer between the addition and the existing hospital, giving the outpatient lobby/atrium a captured garden view. The retention pond captures all rainwater that falls onto the primary site. The new landscape design creates a much-needed oasis around the new addition. Composed of drought-resistant native species, it surgically inserts a bit of the South Texas Brush Country into an otherwise barren military complex.


39

Bioclimatic Design

Canopy, brise soleil, and stepped footprint, south facade.

.

San Antonio can be brutally hot and humid in summer (ASHRAE Climate Zone 2A). The addition has nearly optimal solar orientation: facing south/southeast, it turns away from the hotter western light. The deep overhangs of the umbrella and the terra cotta baguettes allow extensive glazing on selective surfaces to provide views and let in light while controlling heat. The deep indentations of the plan shade the building as the sun moves toward the west.

New outdoor gathering areas are positioned strategically around sun and wind. The healing garden and the entry forecourt capture prevailing summer breezes from the south/southeast. The central courtyard is shaded in summer and protected from colder winds in winter, so it makes for a very comfortable place of respite off the new outpatient lobby and atrium.

Glazing was limited to about 40% of façade surface area, and high-performance windows achieved an SHGC of 0.24. High surface reflectance (83%) mitigates solar loads on the roof. An 18.3% reduction in interior lighting load (versus ASHRAE 90.1 baseline) was designed to reduce cooling loads while passively heating the building in winter.


40

Light & Air

.

Much of the program is irregularly occupied clinical and diagnostic space that the client preferred to have little or no connection to the outdoors, so only about 13% of the total program is appropriate to use daylight as the dominant light source. However, the design pays careful attention to natural light in the patient areas and public and gathering space, particularly for the burn unit. As noted above, the terra-cotta brise soleil, which covers the entire façade of spaces dedicated to patient rooms and burn treatment, reflects light while protecting patients from direct sun exposure, which can be extremely harmful and painful. Patients and staff enjoy light and views without heat or discomfort. Thermal comfort and indoor air quality were priorities, and the project meets or exceeds all ASHRAE and LEED benchmarks.

The existing medical center is a sprawling campus with extensive parking lots and bunker-like buildings, an unpleasant visual experience. In the new wing, views from the patient rooms, public spaces, and other frequently occupied areas are carefully choreographed around new landscape. The healing garden fills the views from the new patient wing, and other primary views to the outdoors are designed around landscapes of native plantings and the new retention pond.

Metrics Daylighting at levels that allow lights to be off during daylight hours: 13% Views to the Outdoors: 32%

Water Cycle

.

100% of rainwater on the primary SAMMC site is captured and managed on site. Mechanical


41

loop water is recycled for irrigation, so no utility-fed water is used directly for the landscape. The existing campus, a sea of asphalt and concrete, deals with stormwater poorly. The addition site carefully composes a new landscape system that includes a healing garden, bioswales, and marsh-like retention pond. Drought-resistant native plantings avoid the need for much irrigation.

The building itself houses a program that is extremely water-intensive, so advanced water conservation systems were prohibitive in cost and scope, but efficient plumbing and mechanical strategies, such as recovery of AC condensate, reduce the use of potable water by 20% below the baseline.

Metrics Percent reduction of regulated potable water: 20% Is potable water used for irrigation: No Percent of rainwater from maximum anticipated 24 hour, 2-year storm event that can be managed onsite: 100%

Energy Flows & Energy Future

SAMMC houses an energy-intensive program (a hospital operating 24/7) in an extremely challenging climate (hot, humid San Antonio, ASHRAE Climate Zone 2A). Yet, the project achieved nearly a 23% energy reduction below the baseline (slightly better than the LEED average for all hospitals), resulting in a costs savings of nearly 25%.

As a result of the bioclimatic study, many climate-specific design strategies emerged to reduce loads and peak electric demand for the building, resulting in smaller HVAC equipment. Studying the local climate and sun path led to a number of passive design strategies to mitigate heat gain, including extensive fa ade shading (terra cotta baguettes), strategically placed overhangs, shade-inducing massing, and high-albedo cool roofs (83% reflectance). Other energy efficiency measures included a high-performance HVAC system, increased roof and wall insulation, reduced lighting power (by 18%), and low-flow fixtures that cut domestic hot water needs.

With building loads reduced, high efficiency water-cooled chillers and boilers were selected to handle peak loads. Systems integration and controls strategies were incorporated to dynamically reduce energy during part-load or changing ambient conditions. These strategies included lighting controls, variable-speed drives on chillers, and fans and pumps. Among the various lighting controls were time-of-day, occupancy, and daylight controls for interior lighting, and fa ade-specific controls for exterior lighting.


42

Metrics Total pEUI: 161 kBtu/sf/yr Net pEUI: 161 kBtu/sf/yr Percent Reduction from National Median EUI for Building Type (predicted): 23% Lighting Power Density: 1.23 watts/sf Upload Energy Data Attachment:

LEED EA c1 Results Summary.pdf

Materials & Construction

Natural materials such as stone, wood, and terrazzo are used through the project to create a warm, inviting atmosphere and keep the embodied energy relatively low. Relatively few metal and other energy-intensive materials are used, which is unusual for an institutional project. The primary material story of the project is the extensive use of terra cotta tiling and brise soleil in the façade, chosen to echo the existing brick buildings in a lighter, more diaphanous expression. Used in hot climates for millennia, terra cotta is a natural material (clay) with low embodied energy, low maintenance, and high durability. Terra cotta tiles are easily removed, replaced, reused, and recycled, and reuse commonly saves about 95% of embodied energy that would otherwise be wasted. The material also uses few chemicals in its finishing, so its health profile is excellent, compared to many other products.

Long Life, Loose Fit

The MEP interstitial space between floors dramatically improves flexibility over time.

The chief purpose of the addition was to make the medical system better prepared and more adaptable to changing needs. Base Realignment and Closure legislation spurred the renovation and expansion of the existing medical center at Fort Sam Houston. The new facility incorporates services previously located elsewhere, so the project’s very commission represents an effort to improve flexibility, efficiency, and longevity for both the SAMMC campus and the entire regional military system. The medical planners used state-of-the-art, proprietary modeling and simulation techniques to analyze program needs and planning efficiencies to anticipate long-term performance and avoid unnecessary, costly, and wasteful renovations or additions.

https://www.aiatopten.org/sites/default/files/LEED%20EA%20c1%20Results%20Summary.pdf


43 Lesson 3 –Performance Work Statements

In the building, an innovative design feature dramatically improves flexibility over time. The floor-to-floor height of SAMMC is a generous 19.5 feet, in order to include a 7-foot interstitial mechanical space in order to accommodate future changes without disrupting patient care or requiring costly and wasteful renovation.

The position of the new wing was chosen specifically to allow space for expansion. For example, the new courtyard between the new and existing buildings could easily be filled in with new program or become an enclosed atrium.

Collective Wisdom & Feedback Loops

A post-occupancy evaluation is pending, but preliminary reports from the client indicate improvements in both patient recovery time and staff productivity. The 2012 TRICARE Inpatient Satisfaction Survey Report, SAMMC ranked in the 90th percentile for Overall Hospital Rating and Recommend the Hospital. Public comments from social media have referred to SAMMC as an absolute marvel positively state of the art.

SAMMC was one of the first major medical projects procured by the Department of Defense (DoD) under an Integrated Design-Bid-Build (IDBB) approach, which included early collaboration between the design team and the contractor and leveraged early use of BIM modeling and energy analysis. This process facilitated quicker evaluation and testing of building systems and sustainable design strategies. As a result of SAMMC s success during design and development, the DoD has moved towards using full Design/Build procurement strategies on other medical projects to foster even greater designer and contractor collaboration.

SAMMC also demonstrates the government use of a disciplined process for incorporating lessons learned into their codes and standards referred to as the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC). Unlike other model codes, the UFC goes through more frequent updates and improvements based on feedback received on recently completed projects.

Other Information Cost and Payback Analysis:

Calculated annual energy cost savings of $219,000. Process and Results:

See Measures 9 and 10.


Lesson 3 –Performance Work Statements 44

Additional Images



LEED-

NC 2.2 Submittal Template EA Credit 1: Optimize Energy Performance

Table 1.8.2(b) - Energy Cost and Consumption by Energy Type - Performance Rating Method Compliance

Energy Type

Proposed Design Baseline Design Percent Savings

Energy Use

Cost

Energy Use Cost

Energy Use

Cost

Electricity 16,175,979 kWh $491,296 17,596,501 kWh $536,483 8.1 % 8.4 %

Natural Gas 680,348 therms $352,184 995,705 therms $526,730 31.7 % 33.1 % 0 0 0 % 0 % 0 0 0 % 0 %

Subtotal (Model Outputs): 123,227 (MBtu/year) $843,480 159,610 (MBtu/year) $1,063,213 22.8 % 20.7 %

On-Site Renewable Energy

Energy Generated Renewable Energy Cost

Exceptional Calculations Energy Savings Cost Savings

Proposed Design Baseline Design Percent Savings

Energy Use Cost Energy Use Cost Energy Cost

Total: 123,227 (MBtu/year) $843,480 159,610 (MBtu/year) $1,063,213 22.8 % 20.7 %

LEED-NC 2.2 Submittal Template | Last Modified: April, 2006



IDIQ Contracts

Indefinite delivery contracts (FAR subpart 16.5) There are three types of indefinite delivery contracts: This block of instruction will only address IDIQ contracts as they relate to architect-engineer contracts. IDIQ contract tools are often used for A-E work. I

ndefinite delivery indefinite quantity contracts An IDIQ contract allows the Government to have multiple projects accomplished by task orders written against the basic IDIQ contract without going through the entire A-E selection process for each individual project. The IDIQ is an excellent time saving tool for the Government and A-Es. To establish an A-E IDIQ, contract the original scope should identify the types of projects anticipated which will require designs. The A-E firms are selected using the procedures of the Selection of Architects and Engineers Statute and the contract is established with a minimum guarantee, generally the “seed” project. An IDIQ award against this single general scope of work can be written as a single award or a multiple awards. Pre-advertisement determinations Maximum and minimum amounts for IDIQ contracts are not set by dollar value in the FAR or DFARS; however, the set amounts must be made prior to advertisement so interested firms will know the maximum and minimum obligations if awarded the contract. Determinations must have a: • Not to exceed amount • Maximum task order amount (a minimum may also be stated) • Guaranteed minimum under the contract • Contract period length, including the number of options and the period for which the contract may be extended under each option, if any



Agency determinations NOTE: Some agencies have pre-set amounts used for those pre-advertisement determinations. If your agency has pre-set amounts in regulations or policy statements use those amounts. Like IDIQ contracts in other areas, A-E IDIQs give the government flexibility of creating a very general SOW, then issuing task orders against this original A-E contract, awarded originally through technical competition. Establishing Task Orders The scope of the part for Indefinite-Delivery Contracts, FAR subpart 16.5 states, the statutory multiple award preference implemented by this subpart does not apply to architect-engineer contracts subject to the procedures in Subpart 36.6. However, agencies are not precluded from making multiple awards for architect-engineer services using the procedures in this subpart, provided the selection of contractors and placement of orders are consistent with Subpart 36.6. (FAR 16.500(d)) Each new Task Order establishes a requirement for design services and a mini selection board needs to be held to determine the “best qualified” firm amongst those IDIQ contacts with similar scopes of work (either multiple award or single awarded contracts with similar scopes). The project which was originally a generic problem is now a specific requirement and requires specific skills. This is important since some of the factors are capacity and capabilities. It is highly probable that a firm’s capacity/capability will have changed from the time from original award and this new Task Order. There are no really unique requirements for an A-E IDIQ other than these contracts are dealing with A-E services and section is made on the most highly qualified firm and then price is negotiated sole source. The danger comes when we used these generic tools for a specific project scope that is fundamentally different from the original. NOTE: Under Lesson 3 and References - See USACE DPM 2020-02 - Procedures for the Selection of Task Orders on Architect-Engineer Indefinite Delivery - on USACE’s specific policy and sample task order requirement notice (TORN).



Discussion Case: Original contract provided general A-E design services for a base which has the normal selection of housing, medical clinic, dining facility, operations facilities and helicopter pad. Included in this generic is the requirement for limited seismic upgrade studies. New task order Case1: Due to a revision of seismic code all facilities in this area are to be retrofitted to the upgraded Seismic and ATFP standards. New task order Case 2: Due to regional movements of small units, you need a planning study and renovation design for the operational facilities to accommodate a new unit of 150 personnel. In addition there is a requirement to enlarge the maintenance hangar near the helicopter pad.



Options

Use of options Various options may be used in architect-engineer contracts.

Examples: • A basic contract for a concept design with an option for a final design • A basic contract for a certain time period with an option for additional time • A basic contract for design with an option for Post Construction Award Services (PCAS) • Any combination of the above examples Pricing of Options When an option is written into a contract, it becomes the unilateral right of the Government to exercise. In order for the Government to unilaterally exercise that option, it must be pre priced. Options are used in A-E similarly as used in other contracting. How a contracting officer decides to consider the project and potential options will depend on the project and the funding constraints.



1. COMPONENT 2. DATE

FY 19 ____ MILITARY CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DATA3. INSTALLATION AND LOCATION 4. PROJECT TITLE

5. PROGRAM ELEMENT 6. CATEGORY CODE 7. PROJECT NUMBER 8. PROJECT COST ($000)

9. COST ESTIMATES

ITEM U/M QUANTITY UNIT COST COST ($000)

10. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION

Base Closure: 938 EIS Facility 6,509 Supply and Equipment Warehouse SM 1,800 860 (1,548) Data Processing Area SM 88 1,740 (153) Vehicle Maintenance Bay SM 205 1,400 (287) Pre-Wired Work Stations EA 64 4,640 (297) Operations Vehicle Parking LS (596) Training Yard LS (220) AFCS Maintenance Facility SM 2,350 1,450 (3,408) Supporting Facilities 955 Utilities/Site Improve/Communications LS (955) Subtotal 7,464 Contingency (5%) 373 Total Contract Cost 7,837 SIOH (6%) 470 Total Request 8,307 Total Request (Rounded) 8,300

FY 20XX MILITARY CONSTUCTION PROJECT DATA Air Force

AFB, California Engineering Installation Squadron Facility

8.57.96 217-742 PRJYXX1023A 8,300

Concrete foundation and floor slab, masonry walls, roof system, fire protection system, utilities, and necessary support. Includes administrative space, training classrooms, warehouse storage, covered storage, shop areas, training yard, and general/special purpose vehicle parking. Air conditioning: 150KW 11. REQUIREMENT: 4,443 SM Adequate: 0 Substandard: 0 PROJECT: Engineering Installation Squadron (EIS) Facility REQUIREMENT: Closure of AFB means a facility is required to support the relocation of the EIS to AFB. An adequate facility to provide administrative space, training classrooms, equipment storage, training yard, and vehicle parking for this highly mobile unit is required. CURRENT SITUATION: The EIS is currently located on AFB which will be closed IAW the recommendation of the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. As such, a suitable facility must be provided at AFB which is slated to receive this mission. There are no existing facilities at AFB which can satisfy this requirement. IMPACT IF NOT PROVIDED: The EIS will be unable to maintain operational readiness thereby jeopardizing critical operational functions and limiting mission responsiveness. ADDITIONAL: Funding will be provided from the Base Closure Account. This project meets the criteria and scope defined in AFH 32-1084, “Standard Facility Requirements” or in Part II of the Military Handbook 1190, “Facility Planning and Design Guide.” A preliminary analysis of reasonable options for accomplishing this project (status quo, renovation, new construction) was done. New construction is the only option that can meet mission requirements.

DD FORM 1391, 1999 PREVIOUS EDITIONS ARE OBSOLETE PAGE NO.



Military construction projects require a DD Form 1391. For example:

• Block 3 - Installation and Location Self explanatory • Block 4 - Project Title Self explanatory • Block 8 - Project Cost Self explanatory • Block 9 - Cost Estimates • Block 10 - Description of Proposed Construction • Other information

Block 9 gives a cost breakout for different portions of the project, such as:

• The square footage of the construction project • Support facilities that may be required • A subtotal for the construction project • An amount for contingencies, and • An amount for supervision, inspection and overhead

The estimated cost of construction is the project cost prior to any amount for contingencies and supervision, inspection and overhead. The construction funding limitation (to be inserted in paragraph (c) of the clause at 52.236-22) is established during negotiations between the contractor and the Government. FAR 36.609-1(b)

Block 10 will usually have a general description of the project that needs to be designed and constructed. This block should be used for describing the advertisement. It may talk about construction project materials, utility requirements, fire and security systems, parking capacity, etc.

Block 10 may contain an extra paragraph, justifying why the project is needed, i.e., to replace an existing facility that is out dated, etc.



Summary Summary What is the difference between work scope and the performance work statement? When should the performance work statement for the project be written? Where is the Estimated Cost of Construction identified? Identify information sources used to develop performance work statements. What must an A-E consider to be in compliance with environmental laws? List the essential elements which should be contained in an A-E performance work statement. What process is used to award an A-E indefinite delivery contract? List the types of options which may be written into the contract.

– Additional time – Basic for Concept - Option for Final – Construction Phase Services

con 243 architect-engineering contracting lesson 3 student ......con 243 lesson 3 student guide : 9...

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