Index

S. No. Name of Programs Page No.

Remarks/Signature

1. Write a C program to implement the parity generator code from a give bit pattern.

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2. Write a C program to implement the parity checker from a give code (data).

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3. Write a program for implementation of bit stuffing and destuffing.

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4. Write a C program for character count generator.

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5. Write a C program for character stuffing. 10

6. Write a C program to implement CRC. 13

7. Write a C program to implement the LZW technique.

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8. Write a C program for a simple stream-oriented server uses TCP port number 3456.

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9. Write a C program for a simple stream-oriented client uses TCP port number 3456.

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10. Write a C program for a simple datagram-oriented server uses UDP port number 3456.

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11. Write a C program for a simple datagram-oriented client uses UDP port number 3456.

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Program 1

Write a C program to implement the parity generator code from a give bit pattern.

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){int a[20],n,i,flag=0;clrscr();printf("Enter No. Of Bits: \n");scanf("%d", &n);printf("Enter Data");for(i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);for(i=0;i<n;i++){if(a[i])flag++;}//printf("%d",flag);if(flag%2)a[n]=1;elsea[n]=0;for(i=0;i<=n;i++)printf("%d",a[i]);getch();}

1

Output:-

2

Program 2

Write a C program to implement the parity checker from a give code (data).

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){int a[20],n,i,flag=0;clrscr();printf("Enter No. Of Bits: \n");scanf("%d", &n);printf("Enter Data");for(i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%d",&a[i]);for(i=0;i<(n-1);i++){if(a[i])flag++;}if((flag%2) && (a[n-1]==1))printf("data received is correct");else if((!(flag%2)) && (a[n-1]==0))printf("data received is correct");elseprintf("data received has an error");getch();}

3

Output:-

4

Program 3

Write a program for implementation of bit stuffing and destuffing.

#include <stdio.h>#include <conio.h>void main(){char num[11], i, j, k, cnt=0;clrscr();printf("Enter the sequence of 10 digit binary numbers: ");for(i=0;i<10;i++)scanf("%c", &num[i]);printf("The 10 digit binary number you have entered is: ");for(i=0;i<10;i++)printf("%c", num[i]);printf("\nAfter stuffing: ");i=0;while (i<10){if(num[i]=='1'){i++;cnt++;if(cnt==5){for(k=11;k>i;k--)num[k]=num[k-1];num[i]=0;num[i]='0';}}else{i++;cnt=0;}}for(i=0;i<11;i++)printf("%c", num[i]);printf("\nAfter destuffing: ");i=0;

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while (i<10){if(num[i]=='1'){i++;cnt++;if(cnt==5){for(k=i;k<11;k++)num[k]=num[k+1];}}else{i++;cnt=0;}}for(i=0;i<10;i++)printf("%d", num[i]-48);getch();}

6

Output:-

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Program 4

Write a C program for character count generator.

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>void main(){char s[10][10];int x[50],i,n;clrscr();printf("Enter The No. Of Frames You Want To Send: \n");scanf("%d",&n);for(i=0;i<n;i++){printf("\n Enter The Frame No. %d\n",i);scanf("%s",&s[i]);}for(i=0;i<n;i++){x[i]=strlen(s[i]);}printf("\n Generated Code is:\n\n");for(i=0;i<n;i++){printf("%d%s",x[i],s[i]);}getch();}

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Output:-

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Program 5

Write a C program for character stuffing.

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){int i,n,j=0,k,flag=0;char a[40];clrscr();printf("Input No. Of Characters: \n");scanf("%d",&n);printf("Input Characters\n");for (i=0;i<n;i++)scanf("%s",&a[i]);for(i=0;i<(n-2);i++){if((a[i]=='d') && (a[i+1]=='l') && (a[i+2]=='e'))flag++;}k=n+(3*flag);while(flag){if((a[j]=='d')&&(a[j+1]=='l')&&(a[j+2]=='e')){for(i=(k-1);i>=(j+3);i--)a[i]=a[i-3];flag--;j=j+3;}j++;}for(i=(k+2);i>=3;i--)a[i]=a[i-3];a[0]='s';a[1]='t';a[2]='f';a[k+3]='s';a[k+4]='t';a[k+5]='x';for(i=0;i<(k+6);i++)

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printf("%c",a[i]);getch();}

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Output:-

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Program 6

Write a C program to implement CRC.

#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<conio.h>char xor(char,char);void main(){int i, j, l, k;char code[10], temp[15], temp2[5], div[5];clrscr();printf("\n Enter the Frame:");scanf("%s", code);strcpy(temp2,"0000");strcat(code,temp2);strcpy(temp, code);strcpy(div,"10011");i=0;l=4;while(l>0){for(j=0;j<5;j++){temp[i] = xor(temp[i],div[j]);i++;}i=0;while(temp[i]=='0')i++;l--;}printf("\n The code to be transmitted is =%s", code);for(j=i;j<(i+4);j++)printf("%c", temp[j]);getch();}char xor(char a, char b){if(a==b)return('0');

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elsereturn('1');}

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Output:-

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Program 7

Write a C program to implement the LZW technique.

#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h> #include<string.h> struct code { int in; char st[20]; }; void main() { char a[20]={""}, s[20]={""}, s1[20]={""}, c[20]={""}; struct code op[20], d[20]; int i=1,j=0,k,m=0,n=0,flag=0; clrscr(); printf("Enter the String: "); scanf("%s", &a); //Loading the Dictionary with all possible symbols d[n].in=i++; strcpy(d[n++].st,"0"); d[n].in=i++; strcpy(d[n++].st,"1"); //s = First character from the input string s[0]=a[m++]; s[1]='\0'; while(a[m]!='\0') {c[0]=a[m++]; //c = Next Character from the input string c[1]='\0'; strcpy(s1,s); //s1=s strcat(s1,c); //s1=s+c flag=0; //Assuming that s1 doesnt exist in the dictionary //Checking if s1 is present in the Dictionary for(k=0;k<n;k++) if(strcmp(s1,d[k].st)==0) {flag = 1; //s1 alredy exists in the dictionary break; }

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if(flag==1) strcat(s,c); //s=s+c; increasing the length of the entry else {//Finding the INDEX of s for(k=0;k<n;k++) if(strcmp(s,d[k].st)==0) break; //Adding the entry n its corresponding index to b sent in output strct op[j].in = d[k].in; strcpy(op[j++].st,s1); //Adding the Entry to the Dictionary d[n].in=i++; strcpy(d[n++].st,s1); //copying the ending character of the entry for next entry strcpy(s,c); } } //finding index of the last character for(k=0;k<n;k++) if(strcmpi(s,d[k].st)==0) break; //Adding the entry n its corresponding index to b sent in output strct op[j].in = d[k].in; strcpy(op[j].st,s); printf("\nDictionary"); printf("\nEntry Index\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) printf("\n%4s %2d",d[i].st,d[i].in); printf("\n\nTransmission codes"); printf("\nEntry Code Transmitted\n"); for(i=0;i<=j;i++) printf("\n%4s %2d",op[i].st,op[i].in); getch(); }

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Output:-

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Program 8

Write a C program for a simple stream-oriented server uses TCP port number 3456.

#include <stdio>;#include <stdlib>;#include <errno>;#include <string>;#include <sys/types>;#include <netinet/in>;#include <sys/socket>;#include <sys/wait>;#define MYPORT 3456 /* the port users will be connecting to */#define BACKLOG 10 /* number of pending connections */main(){int sockfd, new_fd; /* listen on sock_fd, new connection on new_fd */struct sockaddr_in my_addr; /* my address information */struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* client's address info */int sin_size;if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){perror("socket");exit(1);}my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; /* auto-fill with my IP */bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8); /* zero the rest */if (bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1){perror("bind");exit(1);}if (listen(sockfd, BACKLOG) == -1){perror("listen");exit(1);}while(1) /* main accept() loop */{

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sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);if ((new_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,&sin_size)) == -1){perror("accept");continue;}printf("server: got connection from %s\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));if (!fork()) /* this is the child process */{if (send(new_fd, "Hello, world!\n", 14, 0) == -1)perror("send");close(new_fd);exit(0);}close(new_fd); /* parent doesn't need this */while(waitpid(-1,NULL,WNOHANG) > 0); /* clean up child processes */}}

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Program 9

Write a C program for a simple stream-oriented client uses TCP port number 3456.

#include <stdio>;#include <stdlib>;#include <errno>;#include <string>;#include <netdb>;#include <sys/types>;#include <netinet/in>;#include <sys/socket>;#define PORT 3490 /* the port client will be connecting to */#define MAXDATASIZE 100 /* max number of bytes we can get at once */int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int sockfd, numbytes;char buf[MAXDATASIZE];struct hostent *he;struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* client's address information */if (argc != 2){fprintf(stderr,"usage: client hostname\n");exit(1);}if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) /* get the host info */{herror("gethostbyname");exit(1);}if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == -1){perror("socket");exit(1);}their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;their_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero), 8);if (connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) ==1){

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perror("connect");exit(1);}if ((numbytes=recv(sockfd, buf, MAXDATASIZE, 0)) == -1){perror("recv");exit(1);}buf[numbytes] = '\0';printf("Received: %s",buf);close(sockfd);return 0;}

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Program 10

Write a C program for a simple datagram-oriented server uses UDP port number 3456.

#include <stdio>;#include <stdlib>;#include <errno>;#include <string>;#include <sys/types>;#include <netinet/in>;#include <sys/socket>;#include <sys/wait>;#define MYPORT 4950 /* the port users will be sending to */#define MAXBUFLEN 100main(){int sockfd;struct sockaddr_in my_addr; /* my address information */struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* client's address information */int addr_len, numbytes;char buf[MAXBUFLEN];if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1){perror("socket");exit(1);}my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;my_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero), 8);if (bind(sockfd, (struct sockaddr *)&my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr)) == -1){perror("bind");exit(1);}addr_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr);if ((numbytes=recvfrom(sockfd, buf, MAXBUFLEN, 0,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, &addr_len)) == -1){perror("recvfrom");exit(1);

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}printf("got packet from %s\n",inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));printf("packet is %d bytes long\n",numbytes);buf[numbytes] = '\0';printf("packet contains \"%s\"\n",buf);close(sockfd);}

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Program 11

Write a C program for a simple datagram-oriented client uses UDP port number 3456.

#include <stdio>;#include <stdlib>;#include <errno>;#include <string>;#include <sys/types>;#include <netinet/in>;#include <netdb>;#include <sys/socket>;#include <sys/wait>;#define MYPORT 4950 /* the port users will be sending to */int main(int argc, char *argv[]){int sockfd;struct sockaddr_in their_addr; /* client's address information */struct hostent *he;int numbytes;if (argc != 3){fprintf(stderr,"usage: talker hostname message\n");exit(1);}if ((he=gethostbyname(argv[1])) == NULL) /* get the host info */{herror("gethostbyname");exit(1);}if ((sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) == -1){perror("socket");exit(1);}their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;their_addr.sin_port = htons(MYPORT);their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero), 8);if ((numbytes=sendto(sockfd, argv[2], strlen(argv[2]), 0,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr))) == -1)

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{perror("sendto");exit(1);}printf("sent %d bytes to %s\n",numbytes,inet_ntoa(their_addr.sin_addr));close(sockfd);return 0;}

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