ComputerComputer

Computer EssentialsComputer Essentials HardwareHardware

Computer Computer HardwareHardwareMemory

OutputInput Processor

Hard disk

Flash memory

CD or DVD

Storage

Temporary Data Holding

Data Data

DataD

ataDat

a

Software Software Program TypesProgram Types System Software: all the programs that

help the computer function

operating system (OS) - including user interface

Application Software: all the programs you can use to perform a task

productivity software special-purpose programs

The Physical The Physical ComponentsComponents

Input devices

Processing

Output devices

Storage devices

Communications devices

Input Input DevicesDevices Keyboard

Mouse, Touch pad, Joystick

Touch screen

Digital Camera, Digital Video

Microphone, Sound card

Scanner

Barcode Reader

Output Output DevicesDevices

Monitor, Video Adapter Card Printer, Laser or Inkjet Loudspeakers, Audio Output Tactile Feedback, Braille

Bits and BytesBits and Bytes bit = binary digit

the basic unit of information

1 or 0

byte = 8 bitsenough combinations (28 =

256) to store essential characters

Extended ASCII Extended ASCII character codescharacter codes

But modern computers use Unicode, which is a much greater encoding system. It allows for encoding of all the languages in the world.

Big & Way Big Big & Way Big BytesBytes Byte a grouping of eight bits

for instance --> 0110 0001 Kb (kilobyte) about 1000 bytes Mb (megabyte) about one thousand Kb

or one million bytes Gb (gigabyte) about one thousand Mb

or one billion bytes Tb (terabyte) is about one thousand Gb

or one trillion bytes

Port TypesPort Types Serial -bits flow in a single line

Parallel -several bits flow at once

SCSI - can connect up to 8 devices, fastUSB - data transfer, found on all Macs

FireWire - can connect many devices, has hot swapping capability

IrDA - like USB, higher speed & more $ infrared, line of sight

MotherboardMotherboard Printed circuit board with connectors

slots foradapter cards

slots forRAM chips

ROM chip

CPU

Memory - RAMMemory - RAM Stores part of operating system Stores part of the application

programs Stores your files as you work on

them

“Never too rich, never too thin, never too much RAM”

What kind of What kind of memory?memory?

Recommendation:

Get DDR memory. It will give better performance because it allows for 2 channels between CPU and other parts.

Primary Storage – Primary Storage – Hard diskHard disk Size in Gigabytes

Magnetic technology

Fast access

Secondary Storage Secondary Storage - CD/DVD- CD/DVD

*-R - recordable burn once *-RW - rewritable

erase and burn again 650 MB for a CD 4.7 GB for a DVD 8.5 GB for Dual Layer DVDs In-expensive

Flash memory – Flash memory – USB stickUSB stickFlash memory is a non-volatile computer memory

that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.

It is a technology that is primarily used in memory cards and USB flash drives for general storage and transfer of data between computers and other digital products.

Easy to use and fairly inexpensive.

Nostalgic Storage - Nostalgic Storage - Floppy DisksFloppy Disks

write protection tab

liner

disk

spindle hole

sector hole

plastic casing

sliding metal shutter

read/write opening

Then and NowThen and Now1982 - ABC 80

Made in Sweden

2007 – Macbook Pro

Made in China

SpecificationsSpecificationsThe ABC80

3 MHz CPU

16 kb memory

No hard disc

Two big floppies for storage instead

Monochrome monitor

What’s next?What’s next?“When man and machine merge”

http://www.slideshare.net/kingp143