Basic Concepts Basic Concepts of of

Computer Networks Computer Networks and and

Communications Communications Network TopologyNetwork Topology

Presented by-Presented by-

Pawar ParmeshwarPawar Parmeshwar

EE (3EE (3rdrd Semester Semester))

Presentation Contents

Definition of Computer Definition of Computer NetworksNetworks

Different Network MethodsDifferent Network Methods LANLAN

Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies Summary Summary

Definition: Computer networking is the

engineering discipline concerned with the communication between computer systems or devices.

A computer network is any set of computers or devices connected to each other with the ability to exchange data.

Computer Networks

Different Network Methods are:

Local area network (LAN), Metropolitan area network (MAN) Wide area network (WAN) Wireless LANs and WANs

Different Network Methods

Local Area Network(LAN),

which is usually a small network constrained to a small geographic area. An example of a LAN would be a computer network within a building.

Local Area Network (LAN)

DEFINITION

What is a Topology ?

The physical topology of a network refers to the configuration of cables, computers and other peripherals.

TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

Three commonly used network topologies are:-

Bus Topology

Ring Topology

Star Topology

BUS TOPOLOGY

All computers and devices connected to central cable or bus.

Consists of a main run of cable with a terminator at each end.

Popular on LANs because they are inexpensive and easy to install.

BUS TOPOLOGY

RING TOPOLOGY

Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all computers and devices arranged along ring.

Data travels from device to device around entire ring, in one direction.

Primarily is used for LANs, but also is used in WANs.

RING TOPOLOGY

STAR TOPOLOGY

All devices connect to acentral device, calledhub.

All data transferredfrom one computer toanother passes through hub.

STAR TOPOLOGY

STAR TOPOLOGY

In the mesh topology each computer are connected with each other by separate cable. Create point to point connection to every device on network. If one cable fail data always has alternative path to get to its destination.

On a large scale, you can connect multiple LANs using mesh topology with leased line.

This type topology generally use in military area.

MESH TOPOLOGY

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY

WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE THREE

OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY?

SUMMARY

BUS TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

DEFINITION

•All computers and devices

connected to central cable

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to connect a computer or

peripheral to a linear bus.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

•Requires less cable length than

a star topology.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

DISADVANTAGE

•Entire network shuts down if

there is a break in the main cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Terminators are required at both

ends of the backbone cable.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

•Difficult to identify the problem

if the entire network shuts down.

SUMMARY

RING TOPOLOGY

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

DEFINITION

•Cable forms closed ring or loop, with all

computers and devices arranged

along ring.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

ADVANTAGE

•Data is quickly transferred without a

‘bottle neck’.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

•The transmission of data is relatively

simple as packets travel in one direction

only.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

DISADVANTAGE

•Data packets must pass through every computer between the sender and recipient therefore, this

makes it slower.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•If any of the nodes fail then the ring is broken

and data cannot be transmitted successfully.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

•It is difficult to troubleshoot

the ring.

SUMMARY

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

DEFINITION

•All devices connect to a

central device, called hub.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

ADVANTAGE

•Easy to install and wire.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

•Security can be implemented

in the hub/switch.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

DISADVANTAGE•Requires more cable

length than a linear topology.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

If the hub or concentrator fails,

nodes attached are disabled.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

More expensive than linear bus topologies because of the cost of

the concentrators.

STAR TOPOLOGY

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

•Easy to detect faults and to

remove parts

1.Provide redundant path between device.

SUMMARY

DEFINITION

•In the mesh topology each computer are

connected with each other by

separate cable..

DEFINITION

•In the mesh topology each computer are

connected with each other by

separate cable..

ADVANTAGE

•1.Provide redundant path between device..

ADVANTAGE

•1.Provide redundant path between device..

The network can be expanded without disruption to current user..

The network can be expanded without disruption to current user..

DISADVANTAGERequire more cable then other topology .

DISADVANTAGERequire more cable then other topology .

Complicated implementations.

Complicated implementations.

MESH TOPOLOGY