Computational analysis of Seyir

Barış Bozkurt, Nilgün Doğrusöz Dişiaçık

THE MAKAM CONCEPT

Powers, 1980

Built with certain ajnas that consist of certain pitches, degrees and intervals, ”makam” is defined as a melodic structure that is formed by starting from certain notes, following a certain melodic direction, stopping at certain pitches and finally staying on a certain pitch. (Yalçın Tura)

Makam Features Scale, intervals and intonation of specific notes in the

scale (intervalic structure) Overall melodic progression

(ascending, descending, etc.) Typical phrases, emphasis on certain scale degrees Hierarchy of tones and their frequency of occurrence

in a piece, karar, güçlü, yeden, etc.

Seyir

Cem Behar, Saklı Mecmua, YKY, İstanbul, s.142 Turc 292 yazmanın 179b sayfasında dört makamda (Hüseyni, Dügah , Neva ve Bayati) seyir örnekleri

Ali Ufkî (1610-1675)

Uşşak-Beyati-Isfahan

Hüseyni – Muhayyer - Gülizar

SCALES (single octave)

Discriminating features for makams with the same scale are mainly the seyir characteristics. We want to be able to track those characteristics on data.

Ascending: begins around the tonic, gradually rises to the dominant, and eventually returns to the same tonic. Descending begins around the upper tonic, descend to the dominant and finally make a cadence on the tonic. Ascending-descending direction begins around the dominant, then explores the regions both above and below that point before making another stop on the same tonal center, and then proceeds to the final cadence on the tonic.

ascending(cikici)ascending(cikici)

descending(inici)

descending(inici)

ascending-descending(inici-cikici)

ascending-descending(inici-cikici)

Main categories for the overall melodic progression

Pitch hierarchy can be studied with pitch histograms

Segah

Dügah

Neva

Çargah

Hüseyni

Muhayyer

A4 C5 D5 E5 G5 A5

Time dimension is lost in histogram

Analysis of the overall progression for a collection of data Scores

Resampling

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Time (percentage)

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Long term melodic progression analysis

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Time (percentage)

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Time (percentage)

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Ascending-descending

Mid-range progression Ascending

Descending

Overall histogram

Number of files

International naming Perde names

Time index Pitch/interval info

Hüseyni (57 eser) Muhayyer (45 eser)

Bestenigar (8 eser) Saba (27 eser)

Uşşak (72 eser) Beyati (26 eser)

Mesauring progression on audio signals

Uşşak

Hüseyni

Muhayyer