James R. Lenz

Bristol Compressor International

Som Shrestha

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

For AHRI Alternative Refrigerants Evaluation Program (AREP)

January 21, 2016

Compressor Calorimeter Test of R-410A Alternatives

L41-1, DR-5A, ARM-71a, D2Y-60 and R-32 in Air Conditioners

REFRIGERANTS TESTED

Low-GWP R-410A Alternatives

Compositon GWP100

(AR4)Glide

at 45 ⁰FR-32 R-125 R-1234yf R-1234ze R-600

R-410A 50% 50% 2088 0.2 ⁰F

R-32 100% 675 0 ⁰F

L41-1 68% 29% 3% 461 8.4 ⁰F Honeywell

DR-5A 68.9% 31.1% 466 2.9 ⁰F Chemours

ARM-71a 68% 26% 6% 482 3.5 ⁰F Arkema

D2Y-60 40% 60% 272 8.6 ⁰F Daikin

GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL

Low-GWP R-410A Alternatives

CALORIMETER

36,000 BTU/hr Capacity

Secondary Refrigerant Type

Mass Flow Meter Confirming

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

ACCURACY OF TEST INSTRUMENTS

Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Instrument Measured Parameter MeasurementRange

Accuracy

RTD’s (tolerance class A) Temperature -58 ⁰F to 572 ⁰F ±0.40 ⁰F

Micro Motion Elite CMF025 Coriolis Mass Flow Meter

Refrigerant mass flow 25 lbm/min 0.10%

Honeywell Pressure Transmitter 060-F444-02 High side refrigerant pressure 750 psi 0.25% F.S.

Omega Pressure Transmitter 060-F409-250-AI Low side refrigerant pressure 250 psi 0.08% B.S.L

Yokogawa Power and Energy Meter PR300 Compressor power 26000 watts 0.50% F.S.

Yokogawa Power and Energy Meter PR300 Compressor capacity 7500 watts 0.50% F.S.

TEST STANDARDS AND CONDITIONS

A. Calorimeter tests performed according to ANSI/ASHRAE 23.1-2010

B. Rating Conditions taken from ANSI/AHRI 540-2004

C. SuperheatA. Compressor suction gas temperature - evaporator dew point temperature

B. = 20 ⁰F

D. SubcoolingA. Liquid temperature into expansion device - bubble point at condenser

pressure

B. = 15 ⁰F

E. Compressor rating pointA. 45 ⁰F evaporator dew point temperature

B. 130 ⁰F condenser dew point temperature

LOW-GWP R-410A ALTERNATIVES

A. All data is calorimeter data taken at Oak Ridge National Laboratory on an H84B223ABCA compressor

B. Motor was not optimized for alternative refrigerants, EER could be improved.

C. Valves not optimized for alternative refrigerants.

D. Oil used with R-410A was the production ISO 32 POE

E. Oil used with alternative refrigerants was an ISO 68 advanced POE with a higher viscosity designed for R-32 and refrigerant blends with a high percentage of R-32. May need optimizing.

F. Lower compressor EER does not necessarily mean lower system EER.

Notes

TEST COMPRESSOR

Bristol 2-Ton Air Conditioning Compressor

Model Number H84B223ABC

Capacity 22,220 BTU/hr @ AHRI 45/130 Rating Point

Motor Input 2150 watts

EER 10.3 BTU/W-hr

RLA 9.5 amps

Displacement 1.862 cu.in/rev

Voltage 230/208-1-60hz

Oil 32BCE (an ISO 32 POE)

SUMMARY

Capacity Comparison

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

35,000

40,000

50/110 F 30/110 F

CA

PAC

ITY

–B

TU/h

r

CONDITION

R-410A

R-32

L41-1

DR-5A

ARM-71a

D2Y-60

SUMMARY

EER Comparison

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

50/110 30/110

EER

-B

TU/W

-hr

CONDITION

R-410A

R-32

L41-1

DR-5A

ARM-71a

D2Y-60

SUMMARY

Discharge Gas Temperature Comparison

0

50

100

150

200

250

50/110 30/110

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

ERA

TUR

E -⁰F

CONDITION

R-410A

R-32

L41-1

DR-5A

ARM-71a

D2Y-60

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

1. Cooling and Heating Capacity1. R-32 gives the largest capacity

2. Other blends are slightly lower

2. Cooling Mode EER’s1. Very little difference, ARM-71a and DR-5A are very close to R-410A

3. Discharge gas temperatures1. Highest with R-32

2. L-41-1, DR-5A and ARM-71a are slightly higher

Summary

Questions ?

Extra Slides Detailed Comparisons

R-32

Capacity Relative to R-410A

0.80

0.90

1.00

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.50

1.60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

CA

PAC

ITY

: R-3

2 /

4-4

10

A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-32

EER Relative to R-410A

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

EER

: R-3

2/R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-32

Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

DIF

F -

⁰F

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

Positive• 7%+ gain in capacity

• Low Cost

• No Glide

Negative• Higher GWP > 500

• Higher discharge temperatures

R-32 Pros and Cons

L41-1

Capacity Relative to R-410A

0.60

0.65

0.70

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

CA

PAC

ITY:

L4

1-1

/ R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

L41-1

EER Relative to R-410A

0.75

0.80

0.85

0.90

0.95

1.00

1.05

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

EER

: L4

1-1

/ R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

L41-1

Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

DIF

F -

⁰F

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

Positives• Low GWP < 500

• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A

Negatives• Capacity is low requiring a ~15% larger displacement compressor

• EER’s slightly lower.

• Glide = 8 ⁰F

Summary of L41-1 compared to R-410A

DR-5A

Capacity Relative to R-410A

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

CA

PAC

ITY:

DR

-5A

/ R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

DR-5A

EER Relative to R-410A

0.94

0.95

0.96

0.97

0.98

0.99

1.00

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

ATI

VE

EER

: DR

-5A

/ R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

DR-5A

Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

DIF

F -

⁰F

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

Positives• Good drop-in replacement for R-410A

• Capacity about the same

• EER about the same

• Low GWP < 500

• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A

Negatives• Glide = 3 ⁰F

Summary of DR-5A compared to R-410A

ARM-71a

Capacity Relative to R-410A

0.80

0.82

0.84

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1.00

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

CA

PAC

ITY:

AR

M-7

1a/

R-4

10

A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

ARM-71a

EER Relative to R-410A

0.94

0.96

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.04

1.06

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

EER

: AR

M-7

1a/

R-4

10

A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

ARM-71A

Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

DIF

F -

⁰F

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

Positives• Good drop-in replacement for R-410A

• Capacity about the same

• EER about the same in cooling mode

• Low GWP < 500

• Discharge pressures and temperatures are only slightly higher than with R-410A

Negatives• Glide = 3.5 ⁰F

Summary of ARM-71a compared to R-410A

D2Y-60

Capacity Relative to R-410A

0.60

0.62

0.64

0.66

0.68

0.70

0.72

0.74

0.76

0.78

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

CA

PAC

ITY:

D2

Y-6

0/R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

D2Y-60

EER Relative to R-410A

0.86

0.88

0.90

0.92

0.94

0.96

0.98

1.00

1.02

1.04

1.06

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

REL

EER

: D2

Y-6

0/R

-41

0A

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

D2Y-60

Discharge Temperature Relative to R-410A

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

DIS

CH

AR

GE

GA

S TE

MP

DIF

F -

⁰F

EVAPORATOR TEMPERATURE - °F

90 ⁰F Cond

110 ⁰F Cond

130 ⁰F Cond

150 ⁰F Cond

R-410A ALTERNATIVES

Positives• Lowest GWP of all alternatives < 300

• Lowest discharge pressures and temperatures of all alternatives

Negatives• Significantly lower capacity – will require a larger displacement compressor

• Slightly lower EER

• Glide = 9 ⁰F

Summary of D2Y-60 compared to R-410A

Questions ?

Extra Slides for Possible Oil Discussion

LUBRICANTS FOR R32

Miscibility

• Current POE is miscible with R410A down to -20 C• HATCOL (Chemtura) 32BCE

• Need an “Advanced POE” which is miscibility with R-32 to -20 C• 68 Cst Chemtura formulation with the additives used in current R410A POE

• Advanced POE Molecule is narrow and long and supports more refrigerant before phase separation

Solubility• Need a higher viscosity oil due to higher R32 solubility

• Working viscosity of oil/refrigerant mixture is still higher that with R410A oil blend

• Advanced POE has higher load levels per Falex Pin and Vee Block Test (ASTM D 3233)

Miscibility and Solubility

-60-50-40-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Te

mp

era

ture

(ºC

)

Volume% Lubricant in Refrigerant

Two Phases

Single Phase Single Phase

MISCIBILITY OF “STANDARD” POE WITH R-32

-60-50-40-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Te

mp

era

ture

(ºC

)

Volume% Lubricant in Refrigerant

Single Phase

Two Phases

Two Phases

MISCIBILITY OF “ADVANCED” POE WITH R-32