Compound and Complex Sentences Objectives: Identify independent clauses in different sentence types. Define compound sentence and complex sentence. Combine simple sentences to form compound and complex sentences. Review DIRECTIONS Label everything you can in the following sentences. Review 1.Leslie, an animal lover, adopted a puppy that she got from the pound. 2.Smoking is bad for your health, but actors in old movies did it on screen. Words that start subordinate clauses? Subordinate adj. clause D.O. appositive phrase Independent Words that start subordinate clauses? P.A.conj. D.O. Independent Sentence Types Sentences can be classified 3 ways. (Phrases do not change the type of sentence.) The type of sentence is determined by 2 factors: 1.How many clauses? 2.What type of clauses? Every clause needs 2 things: 1. Subject 2. Verb Remember Independent clauses always stand by themselves. Subordinate clauses never stand by themselves. Definitions Simple- Contains only 1 independent clause. Compound- Contains 2 or more independent clauses. Complex- Contains 1 independent clause and 1 or more subordinate clause(s). Example- The door is open. P.A. Example- The door is open, and a draft is coming into the room. P.A. Example- The door that Jonathan left open is letting a draft into the room. adv. D.O. Practice DIRECTIONS Identify the following sentences as simple (S), compound (C), or complex (CX). Practice 1.I love to ride my bike. 2.Swimming at the lake is my favorite activity in the summer. 3.Jordan did his homework, and he received an A. infinitive phraseD.O. S P.N. S D.O.conj. D.O. C Practice 4.When you mix sand and water, you make concrete. 5.The bunny jumped and hopped across the field. D.O. CX S Compound Require Coordinating Conjunctions A part of speech that connects equal things (subject with subject, independent clause with independent clause, etc.). There are 2 ways to combine sentences with coordinating conjunctions. Combining- 1 Create a compound subject, verb, D.O., etc. Examples- Stephen is a student. Rachel is a student. Stephen and Rachel are students. Create a compound subject, verb, D.O., etc. Examples- I like to kayak for fun. I like to go rock climbing. I like to go kayaking and rock climbing for fun. Combining- 2 Create a compound sentence. Examples- Turkey tastes delicious. People like to eat turkey on Thanksgiving. Turkey tastes delicious, and people like to eat it on Thanksgiving. Practice DIRECTIONS Turn the following simple sentences into compound sentences by using coordinating conjunctions. Prove that each of your sentences is now compound by identifying the independent clauses. 1 2 3 Complex Require Subordinate Clauses Refer to your list of words that commonly signal subordinate clauses. Combining Use a subordinate clause. Examples- The window is broken. The window broke last year. Austin threw a ball at the window. The window needs to be repaired. The window, which Austin broke last year when he threw a ball at it, needs to be repaired. Practice DIRECTIONS Combine the following to form complex sentences. Prove that each of your sentences is now complex by identifying the independent and subordinate clauses. 1 2 3 Compound-Complex Whats that? Definition A sentence with 2 or more independent clauses and 1 or more subordinate clause. Practice DIRECTIONS Identify the following sentences as simple (S), compound (C), complex (CX), or compound-complex (C-CX). Be able to prove your answer. Practice 1.I ate the ice cream that my mom bought me for getting good grades. 2.The classroom was messy after code red. 3.We sang songs and twirled in circles. 4.Tin brought his paper in, and he set it on the desk where the stack of papers was. CX S S C-CX Practice DIRECTIONS Use any of the methods we have discussed to combine the following sentence. Be able to explain which method you used. 1 2 Practice DIRECTIONS Identify everything you can in the following sentences. Use your knowledge to combine the sentences, and identify the type of sentence you have created. Application DIRECTIONS Use the topics we have discussed in class to create compound and complex sentences.