complexities in government support for the … library/winelands... · for the agricultural sector:...

15th International Winelands Conference

STIAS, Stellenbosch Troskie, Mandondo & Kelly

COMPLEXITIES IN GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

FOR THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR: PROGRAMME EVALUATION FINDINGS ANALYSIS

30 March 2016

© Western Cape Government 2012 |

Complexities in Government Support: Agricultural Sector

WCG-PPT Slide Gallery-01112012.pptx 2

• POLICY ENVIRONMENT

• EVALUATION FINDINGS

• EVALUATION PROCESS

• CONCLUSION


The policy environment: UN Directive

3

UN General Assembly 2030 Agenda for

Sustainable Agriculture Development

Goal 2 : Promote sustainable agriculture to:

• Enhance environmental quality and the

natural resource base upon which the

agricultural economy depends

• Sustain the economic viability of farm

operations


The policy environment: AU Directive

4

Comprehensive African Agricultural

Development Programme (CAADP)

Africa’s Food Challenge: The

world’s population will likely reach

nine billion by 2050, and Africa

could help feed it.

• Allocate at least 10% of the

national budget to agricultural

development.

• Achieve at least 6% annual

growth in the Agricultural Sector


National Development Plan: Vision 2030

5

NDP Chapter 6: An integrated and inclusive rural economy

Agricultural sector must create 1million jobs by 2030

• Export-led, labour intensive irrigation farming the core

• Expand irrigated agriculture (new irrigation and water-use

efficiency)

• Whole value chain approach (i.e. agri processing)

• Support those industries and regions with the highest potential

• Strategies that give new entrants access to value chains

• Creative combinations between private and public sectors


National Development Plan: Vision 2030

6

Pick and support those industries with the highest potential


Provincial Strategic Plan (2014 - 2019)

7

Five Provincial Strategic Goals

STRATEGIC GOAL 1:

Create opportunities for growth and jobs

STRATEGIC GOAL 2:

Improve education outcomes and

opportunities for youth development

STRATEGIC GOAL 3:

Increase wellness, safety and tackle

social ills

STRATEGIC GOAL 4:

Enable a resilient, sustainable, quality and inclusive living

environment

STRATEGIC GOAL 5: Embed good governance and integrated service

delivery through partnerships and spatial alignment


The Joint Planning Initiative (JPI)

Joint planning between all WC provincial departments and 29 municipalities

8 PG MTEC 1 Engagement

The WCDoA is involved in 64 strategic interventions of as identified during

the JPI engagements.

• Dept was nominated as lead Department: 18

• Specifically mentioned as supporting department: 27

• Included in “All” in the supporting column: 19

Certain themes has emerged where Agriculture is to lead:

• Land reform

• Agri-processing

• Support alternative industries

– Including aquaculture

• Share specific information

• Supporting programmes

• Skills development

During a Departmental Workshop on 22-23 January 2015 these themes

were discussed interventions/activities/responsible officials and D-dates

were identified.


Departmental Strategic Goals


Evaluations: are we barking up the wrong tree?



Complexity in practice: farm people

National

Provincial

Local

Small Scale farming Commercial farming

Farmer

Assoc

District

Assoc

Agri

W C

Agri

SA

Farm A

Workers

People

Owner

Farm B

Workers

People

Owner

Farm …

Workers

People

Owner

Farm C

Workers

People

Owner

Farm D

Workers

People

Owner

Farm E

Workers

People

Owner

Farm F

Workers

People

Owner

Farm G

Workers

People

Owner

Farm H

Workers

People

Owner

Farm I

Workers

People

Owner

Farm J

Workers

People

Owner

Farm K

Workers

People

Owner

Farm L

Workers

People

Owner

Farmer

Assoc

Industry

Org 1

Workers

assoc.

Federation A

Worker

union 1

Industry

Org 2

NAFU

W C USAAA

Agri

Mega

BUSA

AFASA

W C

FBO

1

ANC

FBO

2

NGO

1

FBO

...

NGO

...

SBO

1

SBO

...

FBO

WC

Farm M

Workers

People

Owner

TAU

SA

Federation B

Worker

union 2

Industry

Org 1

Industry

Org 2

Federation A

Worker

union 1

NAFU

S A

FBO

S A

Federation B

Worker

union 2

AFASA

S A


Gross Farm Income of commercial farmers in South Africa

12

Source: Own calculations of income structure reported in StatsSA (2005) applied to StatsSA (2009) and WCDOA (2010).

One size does not fit all…

GFI Category Number % Distribution Cumulative % %GFI

< R 373 251 20 436 51,1% 51,1% 13,9%

< R 1 244 172 10 297 25,8% 76,9% 10,0%

< R 2 488 345 4 548 11,4% 88,3% 13,8%

< R 4 976 691 2 653 6,6% 94,9% 9,5%

< R 12 441 730 1 445 3,6% 98,5% 19,4%

> R 12 441 731 587 1,5% 100,0% 33,5%

Total 39 966 100% 100,0%

9 844 smallholder farmers in the Western Cape

• ≥ 1 Hectare of land

• ≥ 1 Large Stock Unit


Official farmer categories

13

Source: MinTech (2013).

CATEGORY SUB-CATEGORY

Subsistence Urban/peri-urban

Survival

Smallholder Lifestyle

Commercial aspirations

Commercial

Small

Medium

Large


Evaluation: Service needs of industry and farmer categories

(Diagnostic and design)

14

PURPOSE KEY QUESTIONS

To provide a

scientific

foundation

for

determining

the service

needs of

farmers and

the

appropriate

service

providers

1) What support services will

ensure the long term

sustainability of farmers?

2) Which actors are best placed

to provide these services?

3) Which key services will be

provided by the WCDOA?

4) Which structures should be put

in place for comprehensive

service delivery?

5) How should the Department

change to deliver these

services?


Complexity in practice: Government services

15

PROVINCE

PROVINCIAL DEPARTMENTS

Agriculture

Treasury

Economic Development

and Tourism

Environment and

Development Planning

Health Education Etc....

NATIONAL DEPARTMENTS WITH PROVINCIAL

BRANCHES

Water Affairs

Etc.... Rural Development

and Land Reform

NATIONAL DEPARTMENTS WITH

PROVINCIAL OFFICES

Agriculture, Forestry

and Fisheries Etc....

Trade and

Industry

PROVINCIAL STATUTORY BODIES

WESGRO CASIDRA Etc.... SPVs

NATIONAL STATUTORY BODIES WITH

PROVINCIAL PRESENCE

Agricultural Research

Council

PPECB

Medical

Research

Council

Etc.... TELKOM TRANSNET

TERTIARY TRAINING

University of:

Stellenbosch

University of

Cape Town

University of

Western Cape

Saasveld Campus

NMMU

Boland

College

Cape Peninsula University of Technology

Etc....

LOCAL GOVERNMENT

DISTRICT MUNICIPALITY 1

MUNICIPALITY A

Waste

Management

Local Economic Development

Potable

Water

Traffic Housing Roads

Transport and

Public Works

MUNICIPALITY ......

Environment Library Corporate

District Roads

Housing

Regional Development and planning Rural and Social Development Infrastructure

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

NATIONAL DEPARTMENTS

Trade and Industry

NATIONAL STATUTORY BODIES

Water Affairs Agriculture, Forestry

and Fishing Rural Development

and Land Reform Etc.... International Cooperation

Research

Councils

Universities

Etc....

Economic

Agents /

Agencies

Police

Defence

Justice Prisons

Health Education

DISTRICT ....

MUNICIPALITY X

MUNICIPALITY Y

Functions Etc..

Functions Etc..

Functions Etc....

Etc....

Etc....

CAPE TOWN

METROPOLE

Etc....

Waste

Management

Economic

Development

Traffic

Housing Environment

Infrastructure

Water

Police


Evaluation: Legislative Environment (Diagnostic)

16

PURPOSE KEY QUESTIONS

To

understand

the collective

impact

(intended

and

unintended;

positive and

negative) of

the legislative

environment

on farming in

the Province

and propose

ways to

ameliorate/str

engthen

1) What is the spectrum of policy,

legislative and administrative

factors faced by farmers and

industries involved in the

different sectors of food

production in the Western

Cape?

2) To what extent is the current

policy regime and legislation

impacting on the long term

sustainability of farming?

3) What steps can be taken to

minimise the negative impacts

and maximise the positive

aspects of the various pieces of

policy/legislation?


Evaluation findings



Services

Markets

18

Topic Sub-

sistence

Smallholder Commercial

Life 1 Life 2 Asp Small Medium Large

General - what to plant X X

Informal X

Local fresh produce X X

Local wholesalers X X

Local retailers X X

Exports - existing X X X

Exports - new X X X X

Market compliance X X X X

Meat hygiene X

Market protection X X


Top ten needs:

Subsistence farmers (n=65)

19

Service %

Equipment and tools 23%

Bore hole and water 20%

Compost / Manure 20%

Fencing 20%

Seed 14%

Electricity 12%

Financial services / capital budget 6%

Breeding stock 5%

Feeding 5%

Better living and health, more security and jobs 5%


Top ten needs:

Commercial large (n=15)

20

Service %

Market access : grow current markets and access new

markets 40%

Strategic info: impact of government regulations 33%

Water rights 27%

Social upliftment: Training and literacy 27%

Labour services and regulations 27%

Research: crop production 27%

Market info: general 27%

Research: reliable vaccinations 20%

Social upliftment: General for farm workers 20%

Social upliftment: schooling 20%


Group sessions – Smallholder Com consolidated Tree

21 2014 PG MTEC 2 Meeting: Department of «insert name»

PRIORITY PERFORMANCE

1 - 10 (1=Low; 10= High) 1 - 10 (1=Weak; 10= Good)

6. Established markets to which we can deliver

continuously;

9. Marketing of produce by WCDOA 10 3

8. Provide Social Services - Transport for farm

learners 10 5

5

4

10

1. WCDOA to provide Soil Analysis services

2. Access to irrigation water (bore-holes)

3. Continuing Farmer Support & Development

assistance

6

10

8

4. Access to CASP grant funding to be provided

5. Provision of Breeding Stock LSU & SSU

6. Land Tenure Security Rights to be provided

7. Provision of "On-farm" Infrastructure

10

10

CORE

FOCUS/PURPOSE

(Tree trunk)

1. Land Tenure Security;

2. Economic Progress and Prosperity;

3. Effective and productive land-use practices;

5

6

4

4

OUTCOMES

(Fruits/Branches)

ACTIVITIES (Root

System)

4. Agricultural development in the area;

5. Food Security;

"To engage in commercial agricultural production

in a sustainable manner, with the right degree of

passion in order to achieve self-development,

service to the broader community and food

security for all inhabitants."

7

10


Group sessions general remarks – Shared views

22

The lack of a coordinated approach to agricultural transformation was

identified by all cases.

Uncoordinated activities by government agencies were also noted,

leading to time delays, red tape and ineffective action.

The “negative image” of agriculture was generally noted with concern;

The need for an United Agricultural Industry Forum was strongly supported

by all cases; to include all players in the value chain, including labour and

the trade.


Legislative environment: prioritisation of recommendations

23

47 priority issues

71 Recommendations

• Recommendations put forward by project team

• Influenced by focus group suggestions

• Focus group suggestions verbatim in Focus Group report

• Likely to yield results in less than 2 years

• Directly related to a rule, regulation or administrative process

Short-term filter

Legislative filter

16 priority issues 25 recommendations

Significance filter

5 priority issues

11 Recommendations

• More focused list of recommendations

• But still too many to effectively prioritise

• Issues raised at 2 or more focus groups identified (Top 10 issues)

• 5 of the 16 filtered issues meet this criteria

• Short list of recommended actions


Legislative environment: Recommended actions

24

Actions which will:

• Likely to yield results in short term

• Relates directly to legislative environment

• Address one of Top 10 issues prioritised for action

• Quick wins useful to support ongoing programme of regulatory reform

Issue Departmental actions

Burden for housing falling on Farmers/issues with ESTA Guidance

Complexity, Cost & delays in Accessing Water Rights Information & research

Expensive & Cumbersome Approval Process (EIA) Information & engagement

Preferential procurement - smallholder farmer Guidance (2) & information

Restrictive labour laws Guidance (2) & information

11


Conclusions



Conclusions

26

We live in a complex environment

Complexity is in both:

• Government

• Society

A structured approach towards programme evaluation can help

us to make sense out of this complex environment.


Thank you

Dankie

Enkosi

Tel: Fax:

www.elsenburg.com

Contact Us

Dirk Troskie

Director: Business Planning and Strategy

+27 (0)21 808 5190 +27 (0)21 808 5382

[email protected]

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