comparative study of lizard populations in mt. makiling, laguna

8/14/2019 Comparative Study of Lizard Populations in Mt. Makiling, Laguna

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A Comparative Study of

Lizard Population betweenMahogany Plantation and

Secondary Old Growth Forest

at Mt. Makiling ForestReserve, Los Baños, Laguna

Fabunan, M.A.B.1, Gerardo, M.A.O.1, Maguslog, J.O.1,Salumbre, R.L.1, Surquia, J.M.S.1,

Diesmos, M.L.L.1,2

1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Santo Tomas2Research Center for the Natural Sciences, Thomas Aquinas

Research Center, University of Santo Tomas

January, 2008



Introduction



Background of the Study

• Earth’s biodiversity is rapidly disappearing

• Habitat fragmentation

• Exploitation

• Pollution

• The Philippines has been identified as a

biodiversity hotspot• Reptiles are represented by about 235 species

• Some 160 species are endemic



Introduction

•5.4 million hectaresof the country’sland area remainsforested out of

15.88 millionhectares of thedeclaredforestlands.

•Americanadministratorsinitiatedreforestation of the

school grounds of UP Los baños,

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are needed to see this picture.



Objective • To compare the diversity of lizard

populations in mahogany plantationand secondary old growth forest.

• To assess the effect of habitat

fragmentation on lizards populations.

• To generate an honest evaluation of lizard populations.

• To provide a credible view of lizardpopulations with respect tobiodiversity, especially in terms of conservation, assessment and

management of species at risk.



Statement of the Problem

•Assessment of the state of lizardpopulation abundance and

diversity patterns in a modifiedhabitat (mahogany plantation) andan older habitat (secondary old

growth forest) using statisticalmethods employed in similarstudies



Significance of the Study

•Further understanding of lizards,and in general, reptilian diversitypatterns and abundance

•Sound information regarding thehabitats of lizards for use inecosystem management

•Evaluate the effect of habitatmodification for better ecologicalconservation practitioners



Scope and Limitation

• Lizard occurrence at mahoganyplantation and secondary old growthforest is the subject of this study

•Data that was gathered from June toNovember was subjected to Mann-Whitney U Test, Simpson’s index of diversity and the Sorensen

quantitative index•Graphical analysis was achieved using

sampling effort curve with valuesgenerated using EstimateS 8.0



Methodology



Schematic Diagram of Methodology



Study Area

Geographical map of Mt.Makiling (L) and Location

map of the Makiling ForestReserve (R)



Study Area

•Forest Reserve (MFR) is located at14O08’ N and 121O11’ E lying 65kmof Metro Manila and covers 4224ha extending across 80% of the

mountain.



Study Area

• The mahoganyplantation is aresult of earlyreforestationefforts in MFR



Study Area

•Secondary oldgrowth forest

•Only 55% of the MFR canbe

considered aclose canopyforest



Sample Preparation

•Lizards were captured and

temporarily placed in Ziplocs.Afterwards, collected species werephotographed and then released

•Photographs of lizards wereidentified using field guides



Experimental Methods

•Sampling was done from June toNovember 2007

•Opportunistic search

•Random strip transect distancesampling method



Random Strip TransectDistance Sampling Method

10m

50m

10m

5m

*Transect not drawn to scal



Statistical Analysis of Data

•Mann-Whitney U Test for TwoIndependent Samples

•U= ni(ni +n2 + 1) - Ti

•Simpson’s Measure of Diversity

•D= (ni *( ni -1)/(N*(N-1)

•Sørensen Quantitative Index

•Cn= 2jN / (ni +n2)



Results andDiscussion



Lizard Sampling Effort Curve

•Mahogany Plantation species effort curve

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0 1 2 3 4

Transect




•Secondary Old Growth Forest species effortcurve

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 1 2 3 4 5

Transect




•Comparative species effort curve of Mahogany Plantation () and Secondary OldGrowth Forest ()

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0 1 2 3 4 5

Transect



Species Account of Lizards inMahogany Plantation and






•A total of 12 species of lizards were

found in the two habitats• The total count for species in the

mahogany plantation is 26

• The total count for species in thesecondary old growth forest is 39




Secondary Old Growth Forest•Mann-Whitney U Test

•Critical Value at α0.05 : 14

•P-value: 31

•Statistically indicates that asignificant difference in thediversity between the two sitesexists



Comparison of LizardPopulation using Relative

Frequency

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Lizards

•Mahogany Plantation ()

•Secondary Old Growth Forest()



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are needed to see this picture.

Sphenomorphuscumingi

Lipiniavittigera

Eutropismulticarinata



Species Diversity

•Simpson’s index of diversity

•DMAHOGANY: 0.21 (1-D= 0.79)

•Low diversity; strongerdominance

•D

SECONDARY

: 0.14 (1-D=0.86)

•Higher diversity; weakdominance



Species Diversity

•Sorensen Quantitative Index: 0.05

• (1-Cn= 0.95)

•High diversity

•Little commonalities between thetwo sites



Conclusion

andRecommendation



Conclusion

•It was found that lizard population found insecondary old growth forest are much more

diverse than lizards inhabiting the mahoganyplantation.

•It can be inferred that the decrease in the

diversity of lizard population can be attributedto the fact that few species tend to live in amodified habitat.



Recommendation

•More intensive sampling effort

•Alternative statistical tools

•Alternative distance sampling methods

comparative study of lizard populations in mt. makiling, laguna

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