compact flash for coolrunner™-ii cplds. quick start training agenda introduction what is compact...
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Quick Start Training
Agenda
• Introduction• What is Compact Flash?• CoolRunner-II Implementation• Block Diagram• Applications• CoolRunner-II features and Compact Flash• Summary
Quick Start Training
Introduction• Extension of PCMCIA (PC Card) specification• Compact Flash is intended for a new class of light weight, low
power portable devices• Compact Flash concept
– Capture,retain and transport data, audio and images
• Extended operation beyond memory storage– I/O devices– Magnetic disk data storage
• Matchbook sized form factor– Type I (3.3 mm thick)– Type II (5.0 mm thick)
Quick Start Training
Compact Flash Overview• Host Bus Adapter (HBA)
– Interface between host and CF card– Host bus independent
• 8/16 bit data access– Can access these card functions:
• Memory– Attribute Memory– Common Memory
• I/O Space• True IDE Mode
Quick Start Training
Compact Flash Overview• Two types of Compact Flash cards
– Compact Flash• Memory• I/O Space• True IDE Mode (required)
– ATA Compliant
– CF+ • Memory• I/O Space• True IDE Mode (optional)
– ATA Compliant
Quick Start Training
Compact Flash Overview
• Data Bus– 8 bit HBA data bus– 16 bit HBA data bus
• I/O Space– 8 bit registers– 16 bit registers– Can have multiple I/O functions
• 5V or 3.3V
Quick Start Training
Attribute Memory• Card Information Structure (CIS)
– Base address of 0x000– Stored in non-volatile memory
• Configuration and Status Registers– Base address of 0x200 for Compact Flash cards– Base address is specified in CIS for CF+ cards– Configuration Option Register (Mandatory)
• BASE + 0x00• Enables I/O functions• Address decoding• IRQ type and status• Soft reset
Quick Start Training
Attribute Memory– Card Configuration and Status Register (Optional)
• BASE + 0x02• Status change indication and reporting• 8/16 bit I/O mode selection• Power level selection (Level 0 or Level 1)• Binary audio enable• Power down control for power conservation• Interrupt pending status
– Pin Replacement Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x04• Reports status change events • I/O Space mode replaces status change pins with other I/O specific signals
Quick Start Training
Attribute Memory
– Socket and Copy Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x06• Drive number• Socket number (ignored by CF cards)
– I/O Base Registers 0,1 (Optional)• BASE + 0x10, BASE + 0x12, etc.• Specify base address of I/O specific function registers• Can place I/O registers anywhere in the host system’s I/O space• Up to 16 bits for each base address• Required for multiple function CF+ cards• Optional for single function CF+ cards
Quick Start Training
Attribute Memory
– I/O Limit Register (Optional)• BASE + 0x18• Specifies max range of I/O addresses that can be mapped beginning at
the base address• Optional
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Common Memory
• Flash Memory for general storage• Working memory space typically used to map
memory arrays• CF cards only have 11 address lines• 2k bytes of addressable common memory
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I/O Space• May be one or more functions
– Memory only– I/O Cards– Multifunction Cards with combinations of memory and I/O functions
• Examples of I/O functions– GPS– Network– Modem
• I/O Space re-maps some pins for new functions– Pin Replacement Register has status of memory only pins during I/O
configuration– Card powers up as a memory card for HBA to read the CIS data– Card is subsequently configured as I/O function
Quick Start Training
True IDE Mode
• Mandatory for Compact Flash cards• Optional for CF+ cards • Large amounts of memory
– Disk Drives– Emulated Disk Drives using Flash memory
• Card must include an ATA Host Adapter• No drivers needed on host since ATA is standard• IBM Microdrive• Not included with CoolRunner-II implementation
Quick Start Training
CoolRunner-II Implementation
• CF+ card– Does not support True IDE Mode
• Attribute Memory– CIS as ROM within CPLD using product terms– Configuration Option Register (COR)– Card Configuration and Status Register (CSR)– Pin Replacement Register (PRR)
• Common Memory– Intel StrataFlash 28F128J3– 16 bit data bus
Quick Start Training
CoolRunner-II Implementation
• I/O Space interface– Analog Devices DSP Microcomputer ADSP-218xN– 8 bit bus, easily modified to 16 bits– 80 MHz clock to CPLD from DSP CLKOUT– DSP used in Full Memory Mode using I/O Space– 3 wait states for I/O Space bus cycles– I/O Space Registers
• Address Register (R/W)• Data Register (R/W)• Status Register (Read Only)
– /IOMS for chip select
Quick Start Training
CF+ Applications
• GPS• Network interface• Bluetooth• Modem• MP3• Data Storage
– Disk drive– Flash memory
• Digital Camera• Cell Phone• Hand held games• Home video game
consoles• Non-volatile memory• Voice Recorders
Quick Start Training
Perfect for CoolRunner-II CPLDs
• CoolRunner-II CPLDs have 3.3V I/O capability– Compact Flash sockets can be either 5.0V or 3.3V– Cards are checked for voltage capabilities– 5.0V will never reach the I/Os
• CoolRunner-II Schmitt Triggers are used as required by the Compact Flash Specification
• CoolRunner-II DualEDGE registers– For use with a slow clock and meet CF timing specifications
• Ultra low power conserves battery life• Low heat generation ideal for small form factor cards