community needs-based approach to diaspora philanthropy
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Community Needs-Based Approach to Diaspora Philanthropy. Dr. Celia M. Reyes CBMS Network Leader and PEP Co-Director. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Community Needs-Based Approach to Diaspora PhilanthropyDr. Celia M. ReyesCBMS Network Leader and PEP Co-Director
This work was carried out by the PEP-CBMS Network Coordinating Team of the Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI) of De La Salle University, Manila with financial support of the Government of Canada through the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA).
Outline of PresentationCBMS: Background, Design and Key Features
Data Generated From CBMS
CBMS Core Indicators
CBMS Process
Current Uses and Applications of CBMS
Coverage and Status of CBMS implementation
Diaspora Philanthropy and CBMS
Sample outputs
Background: CBMS in the Philippines
CBMS was developed in the early 1990s to provide a good information base for policymakers and program implementers for monitoring the impacts of economic reforms or policy shocks to the vulnerable groups in the society
CBMS addresses the lack of the necessary disaggregated information for poverty analysis and design of appropriate interventions, for targeting of program beneficiaries, and for program-impact monitoring
It is envisioned to be a tool for improving local governance and accountability in managing resources while empowering communities to participate in the process
CBMS: Design
It is designed as an organized process of data collection, processing, validation, and integration of data in the local development processes
A tool intended for improved governance and greater transparency and accountability in resource allocation
CBMS generates a core set of indicators that are being measured to determine the welfare status of the population. These indicators capture the multidimensional aspects of poverty.
It uses freeware customized for CBMS-data encoding, processing and poverty mapping
Key Features of CBMS
Involves a census of all households in a community
LGU-based while promoting community participation
Taps existing LGU-personnel/community members as monitors
Has a core set of indicators but system is flexible enough to accommodate additional indicators
Establishes database at each geopolitical level
Data generated from CBMS
Core set of indicators which covers the multidimensional nature of poverty
Other LGU-specific indicators relating to: Disabilities, natural calamities, migration, waste management, access to programs, electoral participation, community organization
Data can be disaggregated across population sub-groups and geo-political levels (by barangay, municipality/city)
Survival
Security
Enabling
•Health•Food & Nutrition•H20 & Sanitation
•Shelter•Peace & Order
•Income•Employment•Education
1. Child deaths (0-5 yrs. old)2. Women deaths due to pregnancy -related causes 3. Malnourished children (0-5 yrs. old)4. HHs w/o access to safe water5. HHs w/o access sanitary toilet
6. HHs who are squatters7. HHs living in makeshift housing8. HHs victimized by crimes
9. HHs w/income below poverty threshold10. HHs w/income below food threshold11. HHs who experienced food shortage12. Unemployment13. Elementary school participation14. High school participation
CBMS Indicators Dimensions of Poverty Core Indicators
CBMS Core Indicators
Data that can be generated from CBMS
Areas VariablesDemography households in a purok, barangay, municipality/city and province
population by age, sex, religion and civil statusEducation school participation rate, type of school, highest educational attainment, literacyNutrition nutritional status of childrenEmployment employment and unemployment rates, job, occupation, type of business,
place of work, class of worker, nature of employment, job search method,reason for not looking for work, availability and willingness to work
Previous HH members sex, age, and cause of deathVictims of crime type of crime: murder, theft, abuse othersWater and sanitation source of water, distance of source of water, type of toilet facilityHousing tenure status, imputted rent, source of electricity, average electricity bill,
assets/appliances, materials used on walls and roofIncome type of entreprenuerial activities, income in cash and in kind, salary/wages,
other sources of incomeFood adequacy number of hh who have experienced hunger, number of days and months
hh experienced hunger
Data that can be generated from CBMS
Are a s Va ria blesDemography indigenous people and tribeMigration length of s tay in barangay, plac e of res idenc e before trans ferring to brgyC ommunity organiz ation involvement in c om org; type of c om orgOF W c ountry where OF W is , job/oc c upation of OF WOther family members not in HH population by age, s ex , reas on for being away from the HHS ingle parent population by age, s ex , reas on for being s ingle parentDis ability type and c aus e of dis ability, k ind of as s is tanc e rec eived and from whoS enior C itiz ens s enior c itiz en's id and where it is us edB oard/B ar pas s ers type of profes s ionHealth availment of treatment for any s ic knes s , type of medic al fac ility, number of
c ouples , family planning method us edA gric ulture F arming agri land tenure, volume and type of c rops harves ted, agric ultural equipments
us ed/owned, L ives tock rais ing number and type of lives toc k rais ed, volume of produc tion F is hing location of fis hing ac tivity, s iz e and number of fis hpond and fis hc ages , type
and volume of aquatic animals catc hed, pos s es ion of motorboats , fis hingequipment us ed/owned
Was te management s ys tem of garbage dis pos al, who c ollec ts and frequenc y of garbage collec tionC alamities types of c alamitiesA c c es s to programs ac c es s to s everal programs s uc h as C A R P , P hilhealth for indigents , health
as s is tanc e, s c holars hips , s upplemental feeding, s kills and livelihood, hous ing,c redit and other programs , by implementing G O/NG O s /P os , effec t of program
CBMS ProcessStep 1
Advocacy / Organization
Step 2Data Collection
and Field Editing
(Training Module 1)
Step 4Processing and
Mapping(Training Module 3)
Step 5Data validation
and Community Consultation
Step 7Plan Formulation
(Training Module 4)
Step 8Dissemination/Implementation
andMonitoring
Step 3Data Encoding
and Map Digitizing(Training Module 2)
Step 6Knowledge (Database)
Management
Current Uses and Applications of CBMS
Local development planning and budgeting
Monitoring the achievement of the millennium development goals (MDGs)
Poverty diagnosis, design and targeting of interventions
Program impact monitoring
Monitoring the impacts of shocks
Other Specific Uses of CBMS
Ten provinces have used CBMS data for the preparation of their provincial MDG reports which would serve as guide for its efforts towards achieving the MDGs by 2015.
CBMS has provided basis for evaluation of development grant proposals for poverty reduction projects at the local level funded by UNDP since 2006 to present.
CBMS has been used to monitor the impact of UNDP-development grant projects at the local level
Other Specific Uses of CBMS
CBMS has been used by local government units as basis for its project proposals to other development agencies (e.g. ADB and JICA) to fund development projects in their localities.
CBMS is currently being used in monitoring the impacts on poverty of the global financial crisis
CBMS Data Repositories
CBMS databases have been established at the national and local levels
At the national level, the CBMS database is installed at NAPC, DILG, LMP and the PEP-CBMS Network Office
Regular capacity building workshops on the use and updating of the said CBMS databases have been conducted by the PEP-CBMS Network
With Technical Assistance from:
DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from WB-ASEM
DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from UNFPA
DILG-BLGD, DILG Regional offices and CBMS Team
Eastern Visayas CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team with support from Spanish Government
MIMAROPA CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
NAPC and CBMS Team with support from UNDP
Dawn Foundation and CBMS Team
Social Watch Philippines and CBMS Team
SRTC, SUCs and CBMS Team
Kagabay and CBMS Team
SRTC, NEDA IV-A and CBMS Team
CBMS Team
Coverage of CBMS implementation in the Philippines
18, 706 barangays in 710 municipalities and 46 cities
in 61 provinces (32 of which are provincewide)
CBMS and Diaspora Philanthropy
Diaspora Philanthropy and CBMS: Convergence
• Internationally, migration had been recognized as a significant contributor to development and poverty reduction
• There has been an increasing role of diaspora associations as development partners
• Diaspora philanthropy had been gradually shifting away from short-term projects to long-term and income generating activities
• Information from CBMS can be used as basis for priority projects that can be funded by diaspora organizations
• CBMS fosters community participation in identifying problems, devising solutions, and monitoring progress
• Robust link with local and national government translates to policy implications
Diaspora Philanthropy and CBMS: Convergence
Sample outputs for CBMS Core Indicators:
Brgy. Villa Angeles, Orion, Bataan, 2006
Location of Households with OFWsVilla Angeles, Orion, Bataan, 2006
88 OFW households out of a total of 284 households
Health and Nutrition
Proportion of children aged 0-4 years old w ho died
0.0
Proportion of w omen w ho died due to pregnancy related causes
0.0
Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old w ho are malnourished
1.7
Over-all, level of child and maternal health in the barangay is very good.
• No under-5 and maternal deaths reported.
• Only 2 out of 95 children aged 0-5 are malnourished.
Housing problems in the barangay
are not that significant.• Only 4 households
are living in makeshift housing.
• No informal settlers in the barangay.
Shelte r
Proportion of households living in makeshift housing
1.4
Proportion of households that are squatters
0.0
Access to safe water is still a concern for some households in the community.
• There are 17 households that do not have access to safe water.
• Almost all households have access to sanitary toilet facilities.
Water and Sanitation
Proportion of households w ithout access to safe w ater supply
6.0
Proportion of households w ithout access to sanitary toilet facilities
0.4
School participation is very high. Access to education poses no challenge.
• Only 7 children aged 6-16 are not attending school. 3 of these are 6 years old children who are not yet attending school. Ages of remaining 4 children are 11, 14, 15 and 16.
Education
Proportion of children aged 6-12 years old w ho are not attending elementary school
16.2
Proportion of children aged 13-16 years old w ho are not attending secondary school
14.1
Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old w ho are not attending school
3.0
Location of households with members 6-16 years old not in school, Villa Angeles, Orion,Bataan, 2006
The poverty situation is modest.• Poverty incidence in the
barangay is around 18.7%.
• Subsistence poverty is 9.5% of all households.
• No household experienced hunger.
Income
Proportion of households w ith income below the poverty threshold
18.7
Proportion of households w ith income below the food (subsistence) threshold
9.5
Proportion of households that experienced food shortage
0.0
Location of households who are income poor Villa Angeles, Orion,Bataan, 2006
Local unemployment is a major issue. Security is good.
• About 1/4 of the labor force is unemployed.
• There are only 10 reported cases of crime in the barangay.
Employment
Proportion of persons w ho are unemployed
24.3
Peace and Order
Proportion of persons w ho w ere victims of crimes
0.8
Households without OFW are more likely to be multi-dimensionally poor!Deprivation All HHs OFW HHs Non-OFW HHsNone 57.4% 62.5% 55.1%1 dimension 31.0% 33.0% 30.1%2 dimensions 10.9% 4.6% 13.8%3 dimensions 0.7% - 1.0%
Being income poor is more likely associated with having no jobForm of deprivation (%) All HHs OFW HHs Non-OFW HHsincome poor and employment poor 5.3 - 7.7income poor and water poor 2.8 2.3 3.1income poor and housing poor 0.7 - 1.0employment poor and crime poor 0.7 1.1 0.5employment poor and education poor 0.7 1.1 0.5employment poor and water poor 0.4 - 0.5education poor and water poor 0.4 - 0.5income poor, employment poor, and education poor 0.4 - 0.5income poor, employment poor, and nutrition poor 0.4 - 0.5
Qatar4%
North Korea4% Hong Kong
4%
Others25%
China4% Australia
4%
Saudi Arabia5%
UAE8%
USA33%
J apan9%
CountryNo. of OFWs
USA 35Japan 9UAE 8Saudi Arabia 5Australia 4China 4Hong Kong 4N. Korea 4Qatar 4Others* 26TOTAL 103
• A large proportion of OFWs are working in the United States of America
Location of OFWs
•*Others consist of countries: Canada, Denmark, Singapore, Guam, Italy, United Kingdom, Bahamas, Brunei Darussalam, India, Israel, S. Korea, Mexico,. Oman, Nigeria, Norway, Sudan, Thailand
**there are 103 OFWs in 88 households.
•On the average, 58 percent of total income is derived from remittances
Source: CBMS Survey, 2006
Dependency on OFW Remittances
Remittances as % of income No. % 0 5 5.71-20 11 12.521-40 15 17.041-60 17 19.361-80 15 17.081-100 25 28.4Total 88** 100
Source: CBMS Survey, 2006
Most of the households with OFW belongs to the highest income quintile in the barangay
Income Quintile No. of HHs
HHs with OFW
No. %1 57 6 10.52 58 11 19.03 56 17 30.44 57 21 36.85 56 33 58.9
Total 284 88 31.0
Number of and percentage of households with OFWs by Income quintile
CBMS Core Indicators Magnitude ProportionWater and SanitationProportion of households without access to safe water supply 141 15.03
Proportion of households without access to sanitary toilet facilities 3 0.32
EducationProportion of children aged 6-12 years old who are not attending elementary school 173 38.27
Proportion of children aged 13-16 years old who are not attending secondary school 114 42.70
Proportion of children aged 6-16 years old who are not attending school 197 27.40
IncomeProportion of households with income below the poverty threshold 252 26.87
Proportion of households with income below the food (subsistence) threshold 158 16.84
EmploymentProportion of persons who are unemployed 288 17.02
Barangay Maligaya, Mariveles, Bataan
Further inquiries about the PEP-CBMS Network may be forwarded
to:
PEP-CBMS Network Office (Asia)Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies
10th Floor, Angelo King International Center, Estrada corner Arellano Streets, Malate, Manila
Telefax (632) 5262067/ 5238888 loc. 274
Email at: [email protected];[email protected]
Website: www.pep-net.org