community-based solutions: locally-funded, designed ... · from orangi to philadelphia karachi opp...
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Community-Based Solutions:Locally-funded, designed, constructed and managed
Using Lessons from the Orangi Pilot Project for West Philadelphia
Philadelphia’s Needs
More permiable surfaces
More stormwater retention
At no/low cost to city
Ongoing maintanance
Support from neighborhoods and communities
Community empowerment to improve their neighborhoods with stormwater BMPs
From Orangi to Philadelphia
Karachi
OPP
Capacity Building
Lanes
Sanitation
Philadelphia
“Philadelphia Community Water Project” (or something)
“No jobs, no hope”
Blocks or alleys
Stormwater (and other community issues)
OPP relied on a critical issue. In Phily, this could lead to two models:
1. Communities organized around water
2. Communities organized around complementary issues (gathering space, gardens, beautification, vacancies...)
Who Does What
Component Sharing
Process
Trains socialorganizers
Socialorganizershold communitymeetings
Communityorganization forms and picks a leader
Collects $from community
Construction
Monitor quality of work
Technical assistance and training
Monitorquality of work
Community/Households: -Management of money and process-Organization of neighborhood-Construction
Support Organization: -Technical staff-Expertise-Training
Qualities of a Support Organization
Community Empowerment Organization
Exploratory
Relationship with the city
Non-bureacratic
Flexible
Egalitarian
Flat salary structure, no expensive consultants
Minimal reporting requirements or overhead
Ability to collaborate and to pressure
Goals are community driven
Adapts to community needs
>>> City-wide non-profit
Division of Responsibilitiesin Implementing Community-BasedSanitation Infrastructure(OPP Example)
Responsibilities of the Actions Household Block Association OPP City Government
Organizing and Mobilizing
Identifying the Problem ·
· Research to identify low-cost technologies compatible with the
economic dynamics and capacities of local
communities.
· Accept that high-tech engineering solutions are
not the answers to everything, while
recognizing the value of existing works carried out
by communities
Organizing Lane
Associations
· Nominate or elect a Lane Association
Manager
· Nominate or elect a Lane Association
Manager
· Host meetings to mobilize and inform
individuals that interventions will only be
carried out on the initiative of the community
Lining Up Finances · Pay dues · Collect dues from
households · Assist in organization of
Lane Associations · Garner funds from
outside donors and public tenders
Planning and Mobilization of
Community
· Volunteer to carry out work needed to complete
development
· Liaise between local residents and OPP
regarding work schedules and project
deliverables
· Survey the lane, provide designs and estimates for
infrastructure · Provide technical
support and maps for Lane Associations and
city agencies
Responsibilities of Different Actors when Carrying out Specific Developments Casting
Manholes · Cast manholes · Organize manpower and finance construction
· Supervise work carried out
Construction of Box Sewers
· Pressure government agencies to carry out
specific developments and monitor development
· Consolidate individual household pressures
and monitor development
· Advocate for local community interest,
provide technical support, and monitor development
· Conversion of natural drainage channels into
box sewers
Construction of Hygenic
Sanitation Infrastructure
· Build Latrines · Develop Underground sewerage lines running
beneath lanes
· Oversight of development
· Construction of treatment facilities at the end of natural drainage
channels Capacity Building
Building Capacities of
Local Community
· Participate in training · Organize households for training
· Organize and train youth to carry out surveying, mapping, development
and maintenance
Maintenance Maintenance
Responsibilities of Sanitation Infrastructure
· Maintain latrines
· Desilt and unclogg underground sewerage lines running beneath
lanes
· Oversee and assure maintenance is carried
out
· Desilt and Unclog trunk sewer / natural nala with
excavator · Maintain treatment
plant Long-term Planning
Contributions in Long-term Planning Process
· Conduct mapping and voice concerns
· Consolidate concerns and attend meetings
with government agencies
· Provide technical asssistance and advice
· Jointly create long-term plans based upon
community-made maps and citizens needs
Starting Off in Philadelphia....
Criteria for the community for first projects:
1. Cohesive social unit -Organized around blocks, alleys or lanes
2. Clear problem that relates to water -Basement flooding -New sidewalks or distruptive street trees -Derelict open spaces -Lack of green space or community gathering space
3. High potential for sucess (for pilot phase) -Community leaders -Active self-organization -Voluntary contribution of finances or services