common test revision slides
TRANSCRIPT
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Common Test
3 SBQ Questions
Inference Question
Compare and Contrast Question
2 SEQ Questions
(4marks and 6marks)
Chapter 6 and Maria Hertogh Riots
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WHAT
****SQUEEZE THE EVIDENCE FOR
MEANING.****
Eg, Whatcan you tell from this source?
You will be required to answer in this format; Inference (Using your own words and using of
the key words) (If they asked about Japanese
soldiers, talk only about the Japanese soldiers)
Support with evidence (Quote)
Explain
Link
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Types of Questions
How similar (both similarities and differences)
start with similarities first
How different(both similarities and differences)start with difference first
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Practice Slides
Study Sources C and D. How different are Sources C and
D? Explain your answer. [5m]
Source C: A cartoon about the use of water torture on a
man by the Kempeitai.
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Practice Slides
Source D: A historians account of what life was like for
the POWs during the Japanese Occupation.
Working parties of prisoners were formed and made to do long hours of
manual work. For example, they were asked to clean up the city, burydead bodies, restore water and electricity supplies. Large numbers of
POWs were also sent to Thailand, where they were made to construct the
Death Railway. These POWs had to work under extremely severe
conditions. The men were given simple tools to fell huge trees and cut
through rocks. They were made to work long hours and were not givenenough food to eat.
Taken from Understanding Out Past. Singapore: from colony to Nation
By Curriculum Planning and Development Division
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Practice Slides
Difference:
Sources C and D are different on the type of punishment
by Japanese during the Japanese Occupation. [Commoncriteria] Source C shows a man was brutally treated by
Kempeitai (Japanese military police). Source C shows the
POW being tied up by the Japanese and he was helpless
when given the water torture. [Evidence] However,Source D talks about POWs being sent to Thailand as
forced labour to construct the railroad linking Thailand to
Burma. Source D says "Some were sent to Thailand
where they were made to construct the death railway."
[Evidence]
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Practice Slides
Similarity:
Both Sources C and D are similar about the
cruelty of Japanese during the Japanese
occupation. [Common criteria] Source C shows
the Japanese Kempeitai was smiling when he
was using water torture on the man [Evidence]
and Source D says "They were made to work
long hours and were not given enough food to
eat." [Evidence]
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Practice Slides
Question : In what ways are sources A and B similar in
depicting the Maria Hertogh riots of 1950?
Source A :Excerpt from an academic research paper
From December 11 to 13 December 1950, Singapore
witnessed one of its most intense outbreaks of mass violence.
Europeans and Eurasians became the targets of Muslims (who
were mostly Malays) and other opportunists. Coupled with
the passivity of the Malay policemen who resented the unfairtreatment of their co-religionists, the rioters engaged in
widespread destruction public property, looting, murder and
arson. Eighteen persons were killed, 173 others injured and
close to 1,000 Muslims were arrested.
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Source B: Photo of the riots from a history textbook
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They are similar in depicting the negative impact
of the Maria Hertogh riots.
In Source A, it shows a vehicle that has beenburnt as a result of the riots. It also shows the
roads to be deserted because people are afraid
to come out as result of the riots.
In Source B, it shows the damage it has caused
to people and properties. In the Source, it states
that widespread destruction public property and
Eighteen persons were killed. This implies thatthere was damage to lives and property.
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They are different in depicting if the policemen
assisted in alleviating the situation during the Maria
Hertogh Riots
Source A states that the policemen did not help
while Source B shows that the policemen did help.
In Source A, it states that passivity of the Malay
policemen who resented the unfair treatment of
their co-religionists
In Source B, it shows that the policemen were
helping to extinguish the fire with the usage of the
fire hose.
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Source Based Question 1
Key Word Sook Ching Operation.
Evidences: The soldier was sweeping away the heads.
There were a lot of Japanese flags
There was the Keep Syonan Clean Campaign.
What can you infer?
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Source Based Question 2
Key word: life during the Japanese Occupation
Evidences: Regardless of whether you are a Chinese, Malay orIndian, they will beat you up or chop off your head if you do
something wrong
You did what the Japanese told you to and you were spared.
The Japanese Imperial Army would conduct regular spot-
checks at road blocks, in cinemas, and even work places andhomes.
What can you infer?
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Source Based Question 3
Keyword: How different
Evidences in Source C: The Japanese Soldier was seen smiling as hedistributed rations over to the Malays.
The Japanese Soldier proclaimed No problem, we are Asians toowhen the Malay thanked him.
Evidences in Source D: The Sook Ching destroyed Japanese hopes ofgetting the local Chinese in Singapore to cooperate.
they had been seen as saviours when they first entered
What can you infer?
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Source Based Question 4
Keyword: impact of the Maria Hertogh riots on the lives of thepeople.
Evidences:Many dark streets were lit with burning of vehicles,mostly military-type and police trucks.
Roads were blocked by the wreckage of burn-out vehicles and filledwith broken bottles.
All shops in the affected areas put up their shutters, and businessstopped.
Public transport was *paralysed as it was impossible for buses tooperate on streets blocked by rioters.
What can you infer?
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Source Based Question 5
Keyword: impact of the Maria Hertogh riots on the economy
of Singapore.
Evidences: All shops in the affected areas put up their
shutters, and business stopped.
Looting was also reported in some places.
Public transport was *paralysed as it was impossible for busesto operate on streets blocked by rioters.
What can you infer?
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Tackling TheStructured Essay
Question
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Structured Essay Question
2 parts to a question:
Part a (4 marks): List 4factors
Part b (6 marks):List + elaborate + Link 2
factors
Common Test: 2 sets of questions.
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Revision Package Q1
Explain the weaknesses of the British that
resulted in the Japanese victory during the
battle for Malaya and Singapore. [6m]
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Answer to Q1
The British military looked down on the Japanese military
which caused their military preparations to slacken even
before the attack.
The British military left too much valuable supplies behindfor the Japanese military which enabled them to have
resources to continue the battle.
The British military had planes that were backward, causingthem to have a weak airforce to guard the air space.
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Answer to Q1
The British were too complacent and over-confident.
They believed that Singapore was well-defended.
They had underestimated the Japanese and made fatal
assumptions about their strategies.
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Answer to Q1
The British placed priority on the war in Europe.
Because of their involvement in the war in Europe and North
Africa, they could not afford to send more battleships and
fighter planes to Singapore.
The over-confident attitude of the British led to the lost to the
Japanese
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Answer to Question 1
The Japanese were resourceful and well-prepared for war.
The Japanese Soldiers, who were willing to die for their
emperor, were well trained in jungle warfare that enabled
them to move swiftly down Malaya.
The well-preparedness and the resourcefulness of the
Japanese secured their victory.
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Answer to Question 1
The Japanese had already set up intelligence services in
Malaya and Singapore to gather information on British
defence and readiness.
The modern airforce and naval fleet that they possessed alsohelped them to gain victory against the British.
The modern Japanese Zero Fighter Planes destroyed half of
the outdated 130+ Brewster Buffaloes.
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Revision Package 2: Describe 2 ways in which the Japanese used
propaganda during the Japanese Occupation to cause locals to be
loyal to Japan? [4m]
The Japanese used radio stations, Japanese
movies and films to influence the minds of the
locals and to remove the western influence.
The local people were told that the Japanese arefighting for the independence of the local Asiatic
population and that the Japanese are focused on
driving the white man away from Asia.
Furthermore the Japanese also made use of false
truths and exaggerations so as to project the
Japanese as true saviors of the Asian people.
R i i P k Q ti 3 H
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Revision Package Question 3: How
did the Japanese treat the different
races? (Page 111) The Japanese treated the Chinese harshly as
they helped China during the Sino Japanese
War. The Eurasians were also treated harshly
and sent to build the Death Railway or sentto be Prisoners of Wars.
The Malays and Indians were treated well
and promised benefits if they were toadhere to Japanese rule. However, if theydisrespected the Japanese, they would be
punished as well.
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Revision Package Question 4: Why did the Japanese treat the Chinese
harshly during the Japanese Occupation?
The Chinese were regarded by the Japanese as a
threat to their rule during the Japanese
Occupation because Japan met with strong
Chinese resistance including those outside ofChina when Japan invaded China in 1937. [1]
The Chinese community in Singapore also
contributed funds to the anti-Japanese war
effort in China [1] and some even returned toChina to join in the fight against the Japanese.
[1]
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Q5: Describe 2 problems encountered by the locals during post-war
times under the BMA. [4 marks] [pg 120]
Locals experienced the problem of having a
shortage of food and essential items. They
lacked main sources of food like rice and
sugar.
They experienced the shortage of housing
and many lived in horribly overcrowded living
conditions.
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Quiz- Question 6
Evaluate 2 measures that the
BMA put in place to solve their
problems. [4 marks]
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Answer to Question 7
For problem of food shortage
By clearing the harbours.
This allowed ships transporting foodstuffs to enter
the ports. They also had to remove the shipwrecks and mines
that had been laid in the sea by the Japanese.
Docks were also repaired.
Hence, by clearing up the harbours, ships that
carried food supplies from other countries could
easily reach Singapore.
The food supplies can then be stored at the
warehouses and sold to the local people.
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Answer to Question 7
The BMA also decided to ration the amount of food
given to each person to try and solve the problem of
food shortage.
People could only buy enough food for themselves andtheir family members.
They were not allowed to buy too much food to store
for themselves.
Hence through the rationing, the British were able toeffectively allocate food to the people.
This prevented people from buying too much food.
This ensured that there were no hoarding and that the
people had enough food for survival.
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Question 8
Name four ways that the Japanese used to
punish the Prisoners of War.
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Answer to Q8
Forced to march 22km from the Padang to SelarangBarracks.
Imprisoned at prison camps such as Changi Prison.
Some were sent on a death march to build the Thai-Burma railway (The railway of death)/used them as forcedlabour
They were tortured (pulling off their nails/water
treatment) They executed/shot those suspected of being anti-
Japanese
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Question 9
What did the Japanese do to
promote the Japanese spirit? List
fourmethods
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Answer to Question 9
Morning assembly at schools, government buildings
companies.
Mass drills
Teachers and students had to learn Japanese
Controlled radio stations.
Only Japanese propaganda films/movies were
shown in Cinemas.
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The Kempeitai carried out the Sook Chingor the cleansing
operation.
Aim: remove anti-Japanese members within the Chinesecommunity
How were the prisoners of war being punished?
Water treatment/sent to build death railway/pulling out of
fingernails
They had to march 22km from the Padang to Selarang Barracks
and they were imprisoned at the Changi Prison (pg 109)
How did the Japanese get rid of their enemies at the
beginning of the Japanese Occupation?
d d h d f h h
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Process: All Chinese men aged 18 to 50 years old had to report to
mass screening centres to be examined.
Hooded informers were used to point out anti-Japanese elements.
Those who passed the screening were given a piece of paper, or a
chop, that read Examined in Chinese and allowed to go home.
Those identified as anti-Japanese were taken away to Changi and
other beaches and executed.
How did the Japanese get rid of their enemies at the
beginning of the Japanese Occupation?
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Over 5,000 Chinese were estimated to have been killed.
How do you think the people felt as they saw men
taken away, never to return?
What did the people think of the promises Japanese
made when they conquered Singapore?
What was the impact of Sook Ching?
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Students had to
Sing the Japanese anthem, Kimigayo during morningassembly.
Learn Japanese language & read Japanese books Learning Japanese etiquette: Learn how to bow properly
Be a part of the Japanese militarist culture: go for morningexercises & mass drills
Whydo you think the Japanese made students do theabove?
How was school like for a student during the
Japanese Occupation? (Pg 114)
How did the Japanese represent
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They represented themselves using media:propaganda posters, films, radio broadcasts
& movies.
They controlled the media such asnewspapers, radio, publications and film.
How did this impact the lives of the people?
How did the Japanese represent
themselves to the people? (pg 113-114)
How did the Japanese represent
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They portrayed Japanese as powerful andthe British as weak.
They portrayed Japanese as kind people
who genuinely cared for the locals.Do you think the people believed in
Japanese propaganda? Why?
How did the Japanese represent
themselves to the people? (pg 113-114)
How did the Japanese make use of the
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Kempeitai arrested, tortured & removed every person who
were suspected to be anti-Japanese.
Encouraged ordinary people to be informants.
What was the impact of this on the lives of the people?
How did the Japanese make use of the
Kempeitai to rule the people?
FEAR MISTRUST
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Video
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