PRODUCTION

Chapter 9

To do a common thinguncommonly wellbrings success.

Henry Heinz

I. A Spot Retrospect A. First Commercials Read Live B. Radio Jingle Introduced in 1926 C. Commercials Achieve Pop Status

D. Recording Commercials 1. Magnetic recording tape 2. 33 rpm LPs

II. Formatted Spots

III. The Production Room A. Production Personnel 1. Production person 2. On-air staff (combo operator)

B. Production duties 1. Dubbing spots 2. Creating spots C. Continuity Director

IV. The Studios A. Audio Console 1. Slide (linear) faders 2. Impedance* a. low b. high

3. Inputting* a. mike feed b. line feed c. trim 4. Shaping* a. equalization b. filter

c. pan knob d. compressor e. limiters f. digital delay 5. Mixing*

6. Isolating* a. solo b. mute c. cue/audition

7. Outputting* a. master faders b. dubmaster faders c. auxillary send 8. Monitoring* a. volume unit (V-U) meters

b. light emitting diodes (LED) c. peak i. decibels (db) ii. distortion iii. clip

B. Reel-to-Reel Machines* 1. Recording heads 2. Tracks a. half-track b. quarter-track stereo c. quarter-track 4-channel d. multi-channel

3. speeds 4. bias a. definition b. benefit c. signal-to-noise ratio 5. Noise reduction a. Dolby b. dbx

C. Cart Machines D. Mini-Disc Machines E. Cassette Tape Machines F. Compact Discs G. Digital Audio Tape (DAT)

H. Digital Audio Workstations (DAW) 1. Recording speeds a. 44.100 KHz b. 48.000 KHz c. 64.000 KHz d. 96.000 KHz

2. Formats a. wav b. wma c. mp3 3. Software Programs 1. Adobe Audition 2. Cakewalk Sonar 3. Pro Tools

I. Turntables 1. Dead-rolling 2. Slip-cueing 3. Speeds 4. Music transitions a. crossfade b. segue

c. music under d. back-timing J. Patch Panel K. Remotes 1. Telephone line or Marti 2. Amplifier and mixer 3. Cellular phone

M. Microphones 1. Construction a. ribbon (velocity) b. dynamic (moving coil) c. condenser

2. Pickup patterns a. omnidirectional b. unidirectional i. cardioid ii. bidirectional iii. highly directional

3. Usage a. hand-held b. clip-on 4. Using the mike a. destructive actions to avoid b. windscreen