TV I PowerPoint Design

Cameras

Chapter 5

The highest reward for on onestoil is not what one gets for it,but what one becomes by it.

John Ruskin

I. Television Formats A. The Video Scanning Process 1. Pixels 2. Persistence of vision 3. Interlace vs. progressive

B. Video Formats 1. NTSC (analog) 2. ATSC (digital) a. aspect ratio b. standard definition vs. high definition

II. Principles Of Video Color A. Hue B. Saturation C. Luminance

III. Lens Characteristics A. Focal Length B. Focus C. F-stop Aperture D. Depth of Field E. 3D

IV. Production Use Of The Zoom A. Lens Ratio B. Movement Control C. Macro Lens

V. Camera Controls A. Viewfinder Visual Indicators and Controls B. Filters C. White Balance D. Camera Control Unit E. Prompter

VI. Camera Mounting and Movement A. Camera Head Movement 1. Pan a. left b. right

2. Tilt a. down b. up

B. Camera Mounts 1. Tripod

2. Pedestal a. field-studio b. counterweighted studio 3. crane (jib) 4. dolly

C. Camera Mount Movements 1. Dolly a. in b. out c. dolly versus zoom i. pre-set focus ii. on-air zooms

2. Truck a. left b. right 3. Arc 4. Craning/booming 5. Crab/tongue

6. Pedestal a. down b. up 7. Handheld cameras 8. Robotic camera control

VII. Field of View A. The Viewpoint of the Camera* 1. Reportorial (Presentational) 2. Objective 3. Subjective

B. Field of View 1. The long shot (LS) a. wide shot b. establishing shot 2. The medium shot (MS)

3. The close-up (CU) a. extreme close-up (ECU) b. extreme long shot (XLS)*

VIII. Picture Composition A. Framing 1. Body terms 2. Persons in view 3. Over-the-shoulder shot (O/S or OTS)

B. Headroom (One-Third Rule) C. Lead Room D. Depth Composition 1. Placement of objects 2. blocking of talent 3. use of angles

E. Angle of Elevation F. Balance 1. Symmetrical balance 2. Asymmetrical balance 3. Rule of thirds G. Other Composition Problems

IX. Production Techniques A. Standard Procedures 1. Put on headsets 2. Remove lens cap 3. Use pan and tilt locks 4. Be alert for accidents

5. Avoid stepping on the cable 6. Lock down the camera and cover the lens when finished 7. Return the camera to storage and coil the cable

B. Operating Hints 1. Camera setup 2. Rehearsals a. PL line (intercom) b. rehearse movements c. shot sheet

3. On-the-air production a. be alert b. preset focus c. be ready for your next shot i. wait for directors cue ii. avoid shot dictation

iii. watch talents movement