COMBINING GENETICS AND POPULATION DYNAMICS TO IMPROVE THE MANAGEMENT OF PACIFIC OCEAN PERCH (SEBASTES ALUTUS)

Katie PalofTony GharrettTerry Quinn

Funded by: PCCRC, Sea Grant, NMFS Auke Bay Laboratory, CIFAR, Rasmuson Fisheries Research Center

BACKGROUND

Marine species assumed to have

broad dispersal and movement

Significant genetic structure for POP

Limited net dispersal

Spatially limited neighborhoods

R2 = 0.4521p < 0.001

0.00

0.01

0.02

0.03

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Shelf distance (km)

FST /(

1-FS

T )

Genetic samples

GENETICS AND MANAGEMENT:

management areas mean dispersal (birth to reproduction)

LARGE MEAN DISPERSALModel 1.

Fishery

Dispersalwithin a generation

Perpetuationhabitat fully used

SMALL MEAN DISPERSALModel 2.

Fishery

Dispersalwithin a generation

Stock erosionunder used and overused habitat

QUESTIONS?

How does population sub-division influence population dynamics models?

How can we evaluate the influence of the spatial scale of harvest on population sub-division?

What is the quality of our genetic data?

DATA QUALITY ISSUE – NULL ALLELES

Incorrect scoring due to null alleles

Validate data quality

Simulations

Lab validation

Correct species ID?

Use SNP to ID POP samples

Null Alleles: 2 Chromosomes = 2 Alleles

ATTTCGACGCG

TAAAGCTGCGC ATTAATTAATTAATTA

…

TACTGCGCTG

ATGACGCGAC

ATTTCGACGCG

TAAAGCTGCGC ATTAATTAATTAATTA

…

TACTGCGCTG

ATGACGCGAC

120

142

RESULTS

Simulation

results

Threshold of detection and influence on estimates at 0.025 to 0.05 null allele frequency

Inbreeding coefficients (FIS

) >0.05 may indication the presence of null alleles

Only 1 locus is at this level, with an FIS

of 0.05

Lab results

2 new sets of primers at 13 loci suggest no significant null allele presence

Table 1. Results of lab null allele analysis# of original homozygotes

# presumptive nulls

% nulls of homozygotes

% null of all individuals

Locus New Primers 998

Sal1 1st 91 0 0 02nd 91 0 0 0

Sal2 1st 248 0 0 02nd 248 0 0 0

Sal3 1st 119 0 0 02nd 119 0 0 0

Sal4 1st 113 0 0 02nd 113 3 0.0265 0.0030

Sma

7 1st 126 0 0.0000 0.00002nd - - - -

SR7-7 1st 66 1 0.0152 0.00102nd - - - -

SR7-2 1st 52 2 0.0385 0.00202nd 52 2 0.0385 0.0020

SR7-25 1st 94 0 0.0000 0.00002nd 94 1 0.0106 0.0010

Spi10 1st 194 0 0.0000 0.00002nd - - - -

Sth3B 1st 188 1 0.0053 0.00102nd 188 2 0.0106 0.0020

Spi12 1st 275 0 0.0000 0.00002nd 275 1 0.0036 0.0010

Spi6 1st 134 0 0.0000 0.00002nd 134 2 0.0149 0.0020

Sal6 1st 215 0 0 02nd - - - -

SUMMARY OF NULL ALLELE WORK

Null alleles have low frequencies for the loci used in this study

Null alleles, if present at low levels, have little influence on estimation of genetic parameters

Quality of our data is excellent!

Continue forward with estimations from this data

MODELING APPROACH

CURRENT WORK

Literature review of spatial models & the influence of harvest

Developing simple models to explore the relationship between harvest, spatial population structure, population dynamics, geneflow, etc.

Examine the spatial breakdown of current POP data

SPATIAL STRUCTURE AND POPULATION DYNAMICS

Determine logical spatial breaks from survey data

NATURAL SPATIAL BREAKS?

SPATIAL STRUCTURE AND POPULATION DYNAMICS

Determine logical spatial breaks from genetic and survey data

Estimate population dynamic parameters for each spatial region

Are the genetic differences reflected in these estimable parameters?

DIRECTION FOR MODELING

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

PCCRC

M.S. funding sources: Sea Grant, NMFS Auke Bay Laboratory, CIFAR, Rasmuson

Fisheries

Research Center

A.J. Gharrett, T.J. Quinn II