coexistence of lc - hoofed game in slovenia · 2019. 4. 16. · tourism from period between...

SLOVENIA FOREST SERVICE

COEXISTENCE OF LARGE CARNIVORES

&

HOOFED GAME IN SLOVENIA SLOVENIA FOREST SERVICE

Marko Jonozovič

Head of Wildlife and Hunting Department at Slovenia Forest Service


• all three Large Carnivore species (brown bear, grey wolf, Eurasian lynx) are present in Slovenia nowadays;

• from 2004 they are no longer game species, but protected species;

• Ministry responsible for nature conservation and protected species is Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning;

• Brown bear is in good, favourable condition – stable population, cca. 500 animals, year increment of 80-120 new born cubs, above the highway Ljubljana – Gorica (Alpine and Pre-alpine region) min. 30 animals, at least 5 bears were in 2009 roaming not so far from the border to Austria, ROŽNIK crossed the border spontaneously, but …;

• Wolf population is in progress - an increasing trend, 70 – 100 animals, above the highway at least 5 animals (one pack?) were recorded, one single male in 2008 & 2009 very high to the border with Austria;

• Lynx population is in stagnation – decreasing trend, only 25-40 animals, above the highway only few animals were recorded, there is slight communication between both sides of the highway.

Current situation with LC in Slovenia


Brown bear

Model of bear population growth in last 50 years

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

LETO YEAR

MO

DE

LNA

ŠT

EV

ILČ

NO

ST

PO

PU

LAC

IJE

(N

)M

OD

EL E

ST

IMA

TE

D P

OP

ULA

TIO

N S

IZE

(N

)

Source: SLO LIFE project on brown bear 2003-2005


Brown bear


Wolf

2008/09


Lynx


• 7 hoofed species are present in Slovenia (roe deer, red deer, wild boar, chamois, ibex, fallow/dama deer, mouflon);

• According to the Hunting act from 2004 they are all game species;

• Ministry responsible for game and hunting is Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food;

• All game species are included in hunting plans – produced for broader “hunting management regions” by Slovenia Forest Service (10 year, 1 year) and for concrete hunting area by hunting manager (club-family & state hunting area with special purpose) for 1 year;

Current situation with Hoofed Game in Slovenia


Current situation with Hoofed Game in Slovenia

Roe deer Red deer Chamois

Wild boar MouflonDama deer


• One Hunting act for whole Slovenia;

• 15 Hunting Management Districts;

• 415 Hunting Families and 12 State Hunting Grounds with Special Purpose;

• Average hunting ground occupies 5000 ha and includes 50 hunters (without SHGSP;

• Clear division (but also deep connection) between 3 crucial and independent levels:

• Planning• Execution of plans• Controlling

Organisational structure of hunting in Slovenia


Organisational structure of hunting in Slovenia


• Key point lays in regulations, rules and hunters’ consciousness:

• “Rules on the content of plans of game management” issued in 2004 by Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food

• All hunting management plans have the same rule: issued culling quotas must be fulfilled with prescribed tolerances and realization includes all proved mortality (from hunting and losses of all kinds – including losses from Large Carnivores);

• Hunting families have no negative side effect out of such planning – they are obligated also to record all mortality among big and small game, finding a proof of dead game and notifying this to data base is “one worry less” in prescribed quotas;

• There is no direct connection between this system and concession – it is paid on the basis of calculated share from real income from game meat selling and hunting tourism from period between 2004-2008 for next 20 years;

Coexistence of LC & Hoofed Game



• All mortality is kept in data base – with geo-coordinates;

• Darker is the colour – more densed is the population of the certain species according to the mortality data



Game speciesTotal outcome

2004-2008Losses - LC 2004-2008

%

Roe deer 216.060 906 0,42Red deer 24.776 1.234 4,98Dama deer 665 0 0,00Mouflon 3494 22 0,63Chamois 13.123 45 0,34Wild boar 34.327 37 0,11Ibex 86 0 0,00

Registered mortality and proved losses done by LC in Slovenia for period 2004 – 2008:


• Slovenian hunters are proud on their natural heritage, on tradition of LC management and they were always deeply involved in all possible matters concerning LC.

HOWEVER!!!

• Competition between hunter and “LC-hunter” (wolf, lynx) always EXISTS!!!

• Philosophy of hunters is very clear – when they notify that influence on hoofed game is to big, than they will use all methods to eliminate that influence;

• This philosophy in Slovenia is also connected with LC management – If the regular culling is allowed as an active tool to control also the populations of LC than according to the hunting system in Slovenia all illegal actions among hunters will be reported to inspectors or Police. If not, illegal killings will be the pattern of individual hunters, whole hunting clubs or even further – capitol city and state organs are to be blamed for such situations!!!




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FILLEN DANK FFILLEN DANK FÜÜR IHRE AUFMERKSAMKEITR IHRE AUFMERKSAMKEIT!!!!

FRAGEN?FRAGEN?

coexistence of lc - hoofed game in slovenia · 2019. 4. 16. · tourism from period between...

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