coastal environmental geology. environmental issues and coastal geology excessive sedimentation...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Coastal Environmental Geology
![Page 2: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology
• Excessive Sedimentation
• Shoreline Erosion
• Coastal Subsidence
• Sea Level Rise
• Storm Surges
• Tsunamis
![Page 3: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Wave Motions
• Particles in a wave travel circular paths• The water in a deep-water wave does not
move forward• Below wave base, wave effects are negligible
![Page 4: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Highest Recorded Ocean Wave
![Page 5: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
When Waves Meet the Shore
When the bottom interferes with wave motion, the wave steepens and the top overtakes the bottom.
![Page 6: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Wave Refraction
• Waves change path when they reach shallow water
• Wave energy is concentrated on headlands and spread out in bays
![Page 7: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Rips
• When waves break parallel to a beach, rips occur
![Page 8: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Rips, Lake Superior
![Page 9: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Excessive SedimentationNatural Sedimentation
• Rarely an issue; Nobody complains about too much beach
• Siltation of harbors and channels
Artificial Sedimentation
• Smothering of Marine Communities and Wetlands
![Page 10: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Shoreline Retreat
Shoreline Erosion
• Sediment Starvation
Coastal Subsidence
• Compaction
• Sediment Starvation
Sea Level Rise
• Thermal Expansion
• Glacial Melting
![Page 11: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Shoreline Retreat, Wisconsin
![Page 12: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Beach Erosion, Surfside, Texas
![Page 13: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Beach Erosion, Surfside, Texas
![Page 14: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Beach Erosion, Surfside, Texas
![Page 15: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
In the long run, nothing is as futile as trying to resist
shoreline change.
Change can be resisted for a while, but when the water wants
something badly enough, it will come in and take it.
![Page 16: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Property Values and Shoreline Erosion
• If more than half the original lot is left, it’s Location, Location, Location
• After that, it becomes obvious there soon won’t be any location left
![Page 17: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Longshore and Beach
Drift
• Most Beach Sand Is Created by Weathering and Carried to Coasts by Rivers
• Beach Sand Moves along the Coast by Longshore and Beach Drift
![Page 18: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Beach Drift
![Page 19: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Beach Drift, New Jersey
![Page 20: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Catastrophic WavesStorm Surges
• Galveston 1900 (6000-8000 dead)
• Bangladesh 1970 (300,000 dead)
• Bangladesh 1991 (140,000 dead)– Operation Sea Angel
• Katrina 2005 (1300 dead)
Tsunamis
• Indian Ocean 2004 (250,000 dead)
![Page 21: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Bangladesh Annual
Flooding
![Page 22: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Bangladesh Cyclone Hazard
![Page 23: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Hurricane Evacuation
Marker
![Page 24: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Storm Waves: Galveston, Texas, September 8, 1900:
• 6000-8000 dead
• 3600 houses destroyed
![Page 25: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Raising Galveston – 6 in. to 17 ft.
![Page 26: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
“A rickety maze such as Dr. Seuss might have drawn”
![Page 27: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
The Lift in Progress
![Page 28: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Pumping in the Sand
![Page 29: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
The Galveston Seawall
![Page 30: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Seawall, Galveston, Texas
![Page 31: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Seawall, Galveston, Texas
![Page 32: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Centennial Monument
![Page 33: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Seawall Model, Galveston, Texas
![Page 34: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Raised Hotel, Galveston, Texas
![Page 35: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Seawall Buffer, Galveston, Texas
![Page 36: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Seawall, Galveston, Texas
![Page 37: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Beach Growth, Galveston, Texas
![Page 38: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Any Port in a Storm?
![Page 39: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
The Decline of Galveston• In 1900, Houston and Galveston were
comparable in size
• It took years for Galveston to recover
• The East Texas oil boom happened during the recovery and bypassed Galveston
• Business and shipping relocated to Houston
• Galveston 60,000
• Houston 1.6 million
![Page 40: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Katrina, 2005
![Page 41: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Coastal Wetland, Louisiana
![Page 42: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Mississippi River Levee
![Page 43: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Mississippi River Levee
![Page 44: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Levee and French Quarter
![Page 45: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
New Orleans
![Page 46: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Katrina Flooding
![Page 47: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Katrina Flooding
![Page 48: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
The Katrina Disaster• Could have been much worse
– Storm weakened before landfall (5 to 3+)– Eye passed east of New Orleans– Many levees failed after peak of storm
• Predictable Disaster• Poor Individual Preparedness• Unrealistic Expectations• Media Sensationalism• Insufficient FEMA Authority
![Page 49: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Coastal Subsidence in Louisiana• Compaction of sediment
– Formerly offset by new sediment– Interception of sediment by dams– Delta buildup far offshore– Atchafalaya diversion?
• Sea Level Rise
• Oil drilling?
![Page 50: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Neglected Factors in Louisiana• Atchafalaya sedimentation
– 6.5 km2 per year– Channel dredging needed– Concern over loss of wetlands
• Mississippi is long overdue to shift to the Atchafalaya– Before locks, 1/3 of Mississippi being diverted– Diversion will starve other areas of coast –
naturally• No amount of sediment will raise New Orleans
![Page 51: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
The Great Tsunami
December 26, 2004
![Page 52: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Banda Aceh
![Page 54: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Waves Approaching Sri Lanka
![Page 56: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Waves Hitting Sri
Lanka
![Page 57: Coastal Environmental Geology. Environmental Issues and Coastal Geology Excessive Sedimentation Shoreline Erosion Coastal Subsidence Sea Level Rise Storm](https://reader036.vdocuments.site/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649e4c5503460f94b41568/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Wave Height and
Travel Time