cnsx dầu thực vật_ thứ 4_ tiết 4-6

7/23/2019 Cnsx Du Thc Vt_ Th 4_ Tit 4-6

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TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP THC PHM TP. HCM

Lp: 03DHTP3

Mn h: Cn! n!h" #$n %&'( )*& (h+ ,-(

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T1n 2 (45:

CNG NGH 67N 8/9T D/ / PH;NG NG PH?P @P NHIT

Nhm thc hin:

Gio vin hng dn: Nguyn Vn Chung


2/47

DANH 6?CH NHBM 6INH IN THC HIN

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3/47

MOC LOC

PHN M /

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$5!5 .Fnh hFnh Bn uHt 89u h;ng I Vit Nam

$5+5 Cc gi=ng 89u h;ng I Vit Nam

$5%5 .hAnh h3n Binh ha cJa ht L9u h;ng

$5&5 Gi t2M inh t0 cJa c7y 89u h;ng

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$5&5+5 Gi t2M cQng nghi

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8S DNG / TRUNH CNG NGH

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&5+5+5 Nh4ng ?i0n 8`i y 2a t2ong Yu t2Fnh chng BHy:


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&5+5%5 )h*ng h vA thi0t ?M chng BHy:

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'5$5 .2ung ha:

'5!5 .Py mAu> Dc:

'5+5 Khe m-i:

5 R c= thi0t ?M:

TVNH TW?N NG/N LI/


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6/47

DANH MOC HUNH 7NH

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DANH MOC


8/47

PHN M /

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9/47

PHN TQNG /AN

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8Ec dHu di 8Ht5

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10/47

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11/47

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12/47

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13/47

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14/47

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16/47

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18/47

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19/47

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20/47

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21/47

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)h vI v] nguyn Diu do ma Bt vi ?6 mrt nhm> h*ng h nAy da

t2n c* BI DA hi nguyn Diu vAo my vi v9n t=c c 8Mnh> y 2a B ti0 c

vi gi4a ?6 mrt nguyn Diu vi ?6 mrt nhm cJa thi0t ?M> t 8 hFnh thAnh Dccn hm B chuy_n 8;ng cJa nguyn Diu DAm v] ?M t2c 2a h]i nguyn Diu5 )h vI v] nguyn Diu do 0t Yu cJa B va 89 Dn m;t ?6 mrt 2n>

h*ng h nAy da t2n c* BI nguyn Diu chuy_n 8;ng vi v9n t=c nAo 8 va89 Dn m;t ?6 mrt 2n csng 8ang chuy_n 8;ng5 )h vI v] nguyn Diu da vAo Dc ct ?^ng cc c* cHu dao> nguyn Df c*

?n cJa h*ng h nAy DA hi nguyn Diu vAo hw gi4a cJa cc dao chuy_n8;ng vA dao tqnh> cc DOi dao ?= t2@ t2n cc 8qa B t v]> gii hng nh7n5

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)h vI v] nguyn Diu ?^ng Dc nn t2ong cc hw cJa cc t2Sc Yuay5

Nguyn Df c* ?n I 87y DA hi nguyn Diu 2*i vAo hw cJa cc t2Sc Yuay> ht ?Mnn> v] ?M nt vA tch 2a h]i nh7n5

Cc thi0t ?M ?c tch v] thTng 0t hE $>! hay + nguyn tc t2n5 Rau hi ?c

v]> ta 8Ec m;t hn hE g 8_ h7n chia hn hE nAy> ngTi ta thTngd-ng BAng> h*ng h h@ 8;ng hc horc 0t hE c hai h*ng h nAy5 ;t B=thi0t ?M ?c tch v] thTng d-ng nh Bau:

m.. N!h5n

.-y thu;c vAo nguyn Diu cha d3u mA 8=i tEng 8a vAo nghi6n c th_ hc

nhau: DA ht nguyn> n0u nguyn Diu cha d3u hQng c3n hi ?c v]> DA nh7n hthorc hQ d3u n0u d3u hai D3n> m;t D3n t nh7n ht vA m;t D3n t hQ d3uX horcnguyn Diu 8a vAo nghi6n c th_ I dng mnh nh c-i da hQ555

Nghi6n nguyn Diu nh^m cc mSc 8@ch Bau:

)h hJy t2it 8_ nh4ng t0 ?Ao nguyn Diu nh^m gii hng d3u 2a I dng

t do5 Khi @ch thc cc ht ?;t nghi6n cAng nh]> cc t0 ?Ao cha d3u cAng8Ec gii hng5 .o cho nguyn Diu c @ch thc th@ch hE cho cc cQng 8on ch0 ?i0n

ti0 thwo> hi @ch thc cc ht ?;t nghi6n cAng nh]> chi6u dAi hu0ch tn cJanc vA thTi gian t2uy6n nhit vAo h=i ?;t nghi6n t2ong Yu t2Fnh chng BHycAng ngn> ?6 mrt ti0 c gi4a cc h7n te ?;t nghi6n vi nc> h*i t2c ti0>h*i gin ti0 cAng Dn> do 8 hiu Yu cJa Yu t2Fnh chng BHy B tng Dn5 .o cho nguyn Diu c hFnh dng vA @ch thc 8 t 8> ?;t

nghi6n Bau hi chng BHy ?;t chng BHyX B c chHt DEng 8 hi d3uB thot 2a d dAng vA 8


25/47

.uy nhin> n0u @ch thc cc ht ?;t nghi6n Yu nh]> hi chng BHy ?;t hQng8J = DAm nhit> nc h ti0 c nn d Binh 2a vn cSc DAm cho vic chng BHyhQng 8 nc cha M hu0ch

tn vAo vAo t2ung t7m nn 8; Pm cJa ?;t chng BHy B hQng 8 my B DAm victhwo nhm c @ch thc chi0m tU D nhi6u nhHt5 L=i vi cc h3n te nAy d3u B

thot 2a nhi6u> cn 8=i vi cc h3n te cn Di c @ch thc Dn horc ? h*n BhQng c 8Ec ch0 8; th@ch hE> vF v9y> hiu BuHt thot d3u 8=i vi cc h3nte nAy B m5

.2ong hi nghi6n> cHu t2c t0 ?Ao ?M h hJy nn DAm cho ?6 mrt t do cJanguyn Diu tng Dn 2Ht nhi6u to 2a h nng ti0 c 2;ng Dn gi4a d3u t2n ?6 mrtht nghi6nX vA oy> ngoAi 2a t2n ?6 mrt ht nghi6n cn c B ht t2i_n mnh m cJacc h VRV5 Li6u nAy DAm nh hIng Hu 80n Yu t2Fnh ch0 ?i0n Bau nAy> do 8> ?;tBau hi nghi6n c3n 8a 8i chng BHy ngay5 .2ong Yu t2Fnh ch0 ?i0n cn y 2a B ?i0n

8`i m;t B= t@nh chHt ha hc> Binh hc cJa nguyn Diu do Dc nghi6n tc 8;ng Dnnguyn Diu> 2otit> d3u B ?M ?i0n t@nh do Yu t2Fnh to nhit hi nghi6n5 Cc thAnhh3n hc nh gDuit csng ?M ca2amwn ha DAm cho d3u c mAu BPm> 8 ngTi ta thTng d-ng cc Doi my nghi6n nh nghi6n?a> nghi6n t2Sc> nghi6n 8qa5

.2ong R thTng 8; Pm 89u h;ng nh7n hi 8a vAo nghi6n DA %>& &>& 5

Hnh . MFE n!h5n c

m.3. Chfn! #'E c_( n!h5n

.2c h0t ta c3n h7n ?it m;t B= tn gi: nguyn Diu cha d3u Bau hi nghi6nthAnh ?;t gi DA ?;t nghi6n> ?;t nghi6n Bau hi chng BHy gia Pm> gia nhitX gi DA ?;t

chng BHy> ?;t chng BHy Bau hi 2a h]i thi0t ?M chng BHy cn c th_ gi DA ?;t n0u 8wm DHy d3u horc gi DA ?;t t2@ch Dy n0u 8wm t2@ch Dy ?^ng dung mQi 8_ DHy d3u5

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,;t horc ?;t t2@ch Dy Bau hi 8 DHy d3u gi DA hQ d3u n0u X vA ? d3u n0u t2@chDyX5 u=n hiu Yu tch d3u cao> t2c hi 8wm horc t2@ch Dy> ?;t nghi6n hi YuacQng 8on chng BHy5

m.3.. Chfn! #'E c_( n!h5n nh x 2dh #&: .o 8i6u in cho ?;t nghi6n c B ?i0n 8ì v6 t@nh chHt Df hc> tc DA

DAm thay 8ì t@nh chHt v9t Df cJa h3n ho nc vA h3n M nc d3uX DAm cho?;t nghi6n c t@nh 8An h hi d3u d dAng thot 2a5 (Am cho 8; nht cJa d3u gim 8i> hi d3u d dAng thot 2a5 (Am cho m;t B= thAnh h3n hQng c DEi m-i> 8;c t=55X mHt tc dSng> t

8 DAm tng chHt DEng cJa thAnh hPm vA hQ d3u5 (Am vQ hot h th=ng wnym hQng chMu 8Ec nhit 8; cao t (Am cho 8; Pm cJa ?;t nghi6n 8Ec 8i6u chUnh t + & t-y thwo tngDoi nguyn Diu> to 8i6u in thu9n DEi cho cQng 8on ti0 thwo horc t2@chDyX5

.-y thwo cc h*ng h DHy d3u horc t2@ch DyX mA t@nh chHt cJa ?;t chngBHy B hc nhau> v@ dS ?;t chng BHy d-ng 8_ d3u hi do> => t2ong hi 8 ?;tchng BHy d-ng 8_ t2@ch Dy hi = vA c ?6 mrt t do Dn5

m.3.. Chfn! #'E c_( n!h5n s (h )n! h5 hk 2_: Chk 2_ hfn! #'E f(:

.2ong Yu t2Fnh chng BHy ti0n hAnh DAm Pm 80n 8; Pm th@ch hE chngX choB t2*ng nI h3n ho nc cJa ?;t 2 ?;t nghi6n 8Ec DAm Pm ?^ng nc horc hn hE cJanc vi h*i nc t2c ti0> I giai 8on BHy> ?;t Bau hi chng thTng 8Ec BHy hQ

?^ng h*i nc gin ti05 L7y DA ch0 8; 8Ec dSng 2;ng 2i hin nay vF 8 to 8i6uin cho cc thAnh h3n cJa ?;t ?i0n 8ì 80n mc t=t nhHt5

ChU tiu 8rc t2ng cho ch0 8; chng BHy DA mc 8; DAm Pm ?;t> nhit 8; chng

vA BHy> thTi gian chng BHy vA 8; Pm ?;t Bau hi chng BHy5.-y thu;c vAo cHu to> thAnh h3n cJa nguyn Diu> chJ y0u DA thAnh h3n ho

nc vA thAnh h3n d3uX> 8; Pm ?an 83u cJa nguyn Diu mA mi Doi nguyn Diu cch0 8; chng BHy hc nhau> hQng 8Ec DAm Yu Pm hay Yu nhit vF ?;t B t2I thAnhm;t h=i chy do> d3u B hQng thot 2a hi 5

Chk 2_ hfn! #'E Jh:

.2ong Yu t2Fnh chng BHy hQng gia Pm cho nguyn Diu mA chU 8*n thu3n BHy5Ch0 8; nAy @t 8Ec Be dSng vF hiu BuHt tch d3u thH do ?;t hQng 8Ec t2*ng nI5

m.3.3. Nhn! c5kn 25 %$E j (jzn! r&F (jnh hfn! #'E:19


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NhFn chung> hi 8a nhit vA Pm vAo ?;t nghi6n> h3n ho nc hi DiitX Bt2*ng nI> t 8 DAm thay 8ì t@nh do cJa ?;t vA t2ng thi cJa d3u 8 ha hc cc chHt c t2ong h=i ?;t5 C hai Yu t2Fnh ?i0n8ì chJ y0u nh Bau:

6+ c5kn 25 q ph*n hFz nf: .2ong hi chng BHy> cc h3n ho nc B ht nc vA t2*ng nI> ?an

83u> B ht nc y 2a 2Ht mnh> Bau 8 thF gim d3n> t 8 DAm cho ?;t t2I nndo vA 8An h di tc dSng cJa nhit vA Pm> 2otit ?M ?i0n t@nh DAmcho ?;t cAng do> Din 0t gi4a h3n ho nc vA M nc y0u 8i5 .2ong hi chng BHy> c B ?i0n 8ì v6 mrt ha hc nh 2otit gDuit

to hn ng mwDanoidin DAm d3u Bau c mAu BPm> gDuit hothatit tothAnh cc hE chHt ha tan t2ong d3u5 V6 mrt Binh ha> nh4ng ?i0n 8ì chJ y0u do hot 8;ng cJa cc wnym c

t2ong nguyn Diu> di tc dSng cJa nhit 8; vA 8; Pm> cTng 8; hot 8;ngcJa cc wnym cAng tng> 8rc ?it DA Diaa thJy h7n d3uX DAm tng chU B= aitcJa d3u thAnh hPm vA gDucoydaa thJy h7n tinh ?;tX> hi nhit 8; Dn cao>cTng 8; hot 8;ng cJa cc wnym gim d3n5 6+ c5kn 25 q ph*n J nf t)*&v: .2ong Yu t2Fnh chng BHy> d3u t t2ng thi h7n tn chuy_n thAnh dng

t9 t2ung t2n ?6 mrt cc h7n te ?;t5 ki tc dSng cJa nhit 8;> 8; nht cJa d3u gim> d3u t2I nn Dinh 8;ng>

87y DA ?i0n 8ì 2Ht c DEi cho Yu t2Fnh Bn uHt5 ki tc dSng cJa nhit 8; cao> d3u c th_ ?M oy ha to 2a w2oit

oit ait ?o t do> t 8 DAm tng chU B= a@t cJa d3u~ nn 8=i vi m;t B=nguyn Diu c nhi6u ait ?o hQng no t2ong thAnh h3n cJa d3u thF c3n hic ch0 8; chng BHy I nhit 8; thH 8_ t2nh DAm tng chU B= ait cJa d3u5m.3.. Phfn! phFp ,4 (h5k( c hfn! #'E:

Chng BHy c th_ ti0n hAnh thJ cQng hay c* gii> chng BHy thJ cQng 8Ec thchin I nhit 8; BQi cJa nc> thc t0 chU c Yu t2Fnh chng> t2ong hi 8 chng BHy c*gii g n0u 8; Pm ?an 83u cJa nguyn Diu t $$ $! > Bau hichng 8; Pm Dn 80n ! !! > n0u 8; Pm ?an 83u DA 1 thF Bau hi chng 8;Pm DA $ $! > cn 8; Pm cJa ?;t Bau BHyX thF hS thu;c vAo c* cHu cJa my vA t@nh chHt cJa nguyn Diu5

.2ong cQng nghi d3u> ngTi ta thTng d-ng hai Doi thi0t ?M chng BHy> Doin! hay + th-ng5

N`5 hfn! #'E nh5& (*n!:

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N nhi6u t3ng 8y ?^ng5 .2ong n nguyn Diu 8Ec cho vAo n 8_ DAm Pm nguyn Diu> I t3ng t2n c-ng c ?= t2@ h th=ng hunh*i vA nc t2c ti0> 8_ 8un nng vA BHy> v] n


29/47

,;t chng BHy hi 8 8; do> 8; 8An h dn 80n hiu Yu thot d3u hQng cao5 u=n 8t 8Ec 8; 8 vic hai thc d3u I Yui mQ t2ung ?Fnh vA Yui mQ Dn thTng Be dSngcc Doi my v@t vi c* cHu hc nhau5 L_ DAm Bng t] Yu t2Fnh hai thc d3u ?^ng

h*ng h > ta nghin cu cc vHn 86 Bau:

m... C hk q r&F (jnh p:

Khi > di tc dSng cJa ngoi Dc> t2ong h=i ?;t y 2a B Din 0t ?6 mrt?n t2ong csng nh ?n ngoAi cJa cc h3n te> ta c th_ chia 2a DAm hai Yu t2Fnh chJy0u:

\u t2Fnh y 2a 8=i vi h3n D]ng

L7y DA Yu t2Fnh DAm d3u thot 2a h]i cc hw vch gi4a cc ?6 mrt ?n t2ongcsng nh ?n ngoAi cJa t0 ?Ao5 Khi ?t 83u > do Dc nn cc h3n te ?;t ti0n Di g3n

nhau> hi Dc nn tng Dn> cc h3n te ?;t ?M ?i0n dng5 Cc hong t2=ng cha d3u ?Mthu h Di vA 80n hi D d3u c chi6u dAy nhHt 8Mnh> d3u ?t 83u thot 2a5 .=c 8;thot d3u hS thu;c vAo 8; nht cJa D d3u vA hS thu;c vAo Dc > 8; nht cAng

?> Dc cAng Dn thF d3u thot 2a cAng nhanh5

\u t2Fnh y 2a 8=i vi h3n 2n

Khi Dc nn tng Dn> B ?i0n dng y 2a cAng mnh cho 80n hi cc h3n teDin 0t chrt ch vi nhau thF B ?i0n dng hQng y 2a n4a5 N0u nh t2ong cc hwvch hQng ?M gi4 Di m;t @t d3u vA Dc cn c th_ ti0 tSc tng Dn thF t cc h3nte ?;t 2ing ?it B to thAnh m;t h=i chc d@nh Di6n nhau5 .2n thc t0> Dc

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csng chU 8t 80n m;t gii hn nhHt 8Mnh> c m;t DEng nh] d3u cn n^m Di I nh4ngch ti0 gi nhau> cho nn hQ d3u vn cn c t@nh =5 Lrc ?it hi 2a h]i my >t@nh = cJa hQ d3u Di tng Dn hi hQng cn tc dSng cJa Dc nn n4a5

;t 8i6u Yuan t2ng nh hIng 80n hiu Yu DHy d3u DA n0u t=c 8; tng Dc

Yu nhanh thF B DAm ?Mt @n cc 8Tng thot d3u DAm d3u hQng thot 2a 8Ec> 8i6unAy thHy 2Ht 2 I cc my mA t2ong 8 nguyn Diu hQng 8Ec 8o t2;n my thJ cQngX5

NgoAi 2a> n0u chU t 8*n thu3n v6 B chuy_n dMch cJa d3u Yua cc hw vch>cc h =ng mao Yun cJa t0 ?Ao nguyn Diu> ta c th_ 2t 2a nh4ng 8i6u in 8_ 8m

?o vic tch d3u 8t hiu Yu Bau 87y:

BuHt chuy_n 8;ng cJa d3u t2ong cc hw vch vA cc =ng mao Yun

cJa t0 ?Ao nguyn Diu cAng Dn> d3u chy 2a cAng nhanh> mu=n nh th0 thF

ngoi Dc tc dSng Dn d3u hi Dn5 Ngoi Dc tc 8;ng Dn nguyn Diu ?;t Xg 8_ cho Dc tc 8;ng Dn d3uDn> ta c3n hi thay 8`i t@nh chHt c* Df cJa cc h3n te 2n Yua cQng 8onchng BHyX 8_ DAm gim h3n Dc DAm cho cc h3n te ?i0n dng> nhT 8> Dc tc 8;ng Dn h3n d3u B tng5 .uy nhin> vic tng ngoi Dc csng thchin 80n m;t gii hn nAo 8> n0u vEt Yu gii hn nAy B dn 80n B co hcc =ng mao Yun dn d3u horc cc hw vch cha d3u m;t cch nhanh chng

DAm hiu Yu thot d3u gim5 LTng @nh cc =ng mao Yun cha d3u c3n hi 8J Dn t2ong Bu=t Yu

t2Fnh 8_ t2nh vic d3u thot 2a Yu ch9m horc hQng thot 2a 8Ec5 .2nthc t0> hin tEng nAy thTng y 2a vA 8_ hc hSc c3n hi tng Dc t t nh^m 8m ?o 8J thTi gian cho DEng d3u chJ y0u M chy 2a5 N0u Dc tng 8;t ng;t> cc =ng mao Yun cha d3u nhanh chng ?M h Di horc ?M ?Mt@n> d3u B chy 2a ch9m5 rt hc> n0u Dc tng mnh t2ong giai 8on83u B DAm 2=i Don B chuy_n 8;ng cJa nguyn Diu t2ong my do d3u chy2a mnh Dit o thwo nhi6u crn d3u5 Chi6u dAi cc =ng mao Yun cha d3u hi ngn vF B thot d3u hi

thTng 8i thwo m;t h*ng chung vA v6 h@a c 8on 8Tng ngn nhHt5 N0u8Tng chy d3u cAng dAi thF thTi gian chy Yua 8on 8Tng Hy cAng Dn5 NgoAi2a> hi 8Tng chy d3u ngn> B= =ng mao Yun ?M tc t2ong Yu t2Fnh csng @th*n5 VF th0> 8_ thc hin vic d3u m;t cch t2it 8_ thF D nguyn Diu t2ongmy hi 8J m]ng5 .hTi gian hi 8J Dn> n0u thTi gian Yu ngn> d3u chy 2a cha

h0t> ngEc Di> n0u thTi gian Yu dAi B nh hIng 80n nng BuHt my 5

Vic ci ti0n c* cHu my csng c th_ 2t ngn 8Ec thTi gian 5

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L; nht cJa d3u hi ? 8_ t2I Dc hi d3u chuy_n 8;ng ?> t 8 thTi

gian 8_ d3u thot 2a h]i nguyn Diu B ngn5 L_ 8; nht cJa d3u ?> ?;t hi c nhit 8; cao vA t2ong Yu t2Fnh nhit 8; hi `n 8Mnh5 Khi ?;t ?Mngu;i> 8; nht cJa d3u tng vA t@nh do cJa ?;t gim nh hIng 80n B thotd3u5 .uy nhin> hi nhit 8; ?;t Yu cao> d3u B ?M oy ha mnh> d3u B ?MBPm mAu vA hQ d3u B ?M chy ht5 VF th0> vic d-ng nc horc d3u ngu;i 8_DAm mt Dng DA vic DAm 2Ht c3n thi0t> t2nh 8Ec hin tEng ht nhit himy DAm vic5

m... CF Ek& (a $nh hfon! 2kn h5"& #&'( p: Lrc t@nh c* hc cJa nguyn Diu nh hIng 2Ht Dn 80n hiu BuHt >

8rc t@nh nAy do cc cQng 8on chuPn ?M> 8rc ?it DA h7u chng BHy Yuy0t 8Mnh5NgoAi 2a> mc 8; nghi6n ?;t> nhit 8;> 8; Pm cJa ?;t csng DA nh4ng y0u t= c

nh hIng t2c ti0 80n hiu BuHt 5 Cc 8i6u in hFnh thAnh t2ong Yu t2Fnh nh Dc > nhit 8; >

c* cHu my m..3. Th5k( c p:

Hnh m. MFE p ,d(

L_ ti0n hAnh d3u> ngTi ta c th_ d-ng my v@t horc my thJ cQngmy thJ cQng hQng gii thiuX5 y v@t g Dct2ung ?Fnh vA Dc cao> my v@t DAm vic Din tSc> ?n t2n DA cc t3ng n vF th0 Bau hi chng BHy ong> c th_ ti0n hAnh ngay5

Dc t2ong Dng my v@t 8Ec to thAnh DA do B nn nguyn Diu vA Bchn hng cJa nguyn Diu> Dc nAy Dn hay ? t-y thu;c vAo cHu to Dng vAt2Sc v@t5

ko ti0t din hw cQn ti cea 2a hQ ? h*n ?Ht c 8i_m nAo t2ong Dng > vF th0

nn nguyn Diu chuy_n 8;ng B ?M nn t2I Di tc DA to cho my c Dc5 rt

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hc> do t2Sc v@t c B thay 8`i ?c v@t ngn d3n v6 h@a 2a hQ d3uX> 8Tng @nh cJaDng csng thay 8`i> nh] d3n v6 h@a 2a hQ d3u> cho nn mu=n cha 8Ec DEngnguyn Diu t 8on Bau chuy_n ti ?u;c hi y 2a B nn> tc DA to nn Dc5

.2n thc t0> n0u ta cho vAo my m;t DEng ?;t Yu nho> hi t2Sc v@t Yuay

h3u nh hQng c m;t Dc nAo5 Li6u nAy chng t] 2^ng 8rc t@nh cJa ?;t Yuy0t8Mnh B to thAnh Dc t2ong my 5 Lrc t@nh cJa ?;t Di do cQng 8on chng BHyYuy0t 8Mnh> vF v9y c th_ ni 2^ng Dc t2ong my do h7u chng BHy ?;t Yuy0t8Mnh5

Khi DAm vic vi my v@t> c3n ch f m;t B= 8i_m Bau:

KhQng cho my chy t2ong 8i6u in Yu ti> hQng 8_ cc t chHt nh

im Doi> B]i> 8 2*i vAo my 5 .hTng uyn Yuan Bt vM t2@ cJa d3u chy 2a t ?n di my > n0u

d3u chy 2a nhi6u nhHt I gi4a Dng > chng t] ?;t 8t yu c3u> cn n0u d3uchy 2a I 83u horc cu=i my > chng t] ?;t Yu t horc Yu hQ5 (c 8c3n hi 8ng cea cH ?;t u=ng my vA 8i6u chUnh Di ch0 8; chng BHycho th@ch hE5 .hTng uyn Yuan Bt 8Tng 2a cJa hQ d3u> t2ong 8i6u in ?Fnh

thTng> hQ d3u 2a thAnh tng mng nh]> chi6u dAy 8 hQng nt vSn>m;t mrt h*i g< gh6 c nhi6u v0t 2n> m;t mrt nhn ?ng5 Au cJa hQ d3ut*i> hQng c m-i chy ht> hQng c v0t d3u Doang D5

y chy m> d3u hQng thwo hw cQn thot 2a ngoAi5

m.m. L4 #ih:

k3u thot 2a Bau hi > mrc d- 8 Yua D Di Dc nhng vn cn nhi6u tchHt> chJ y0u DA cc mnh nguyn Diu5 ko 8> 8_ ?o Yun d3u 8Ec D7u h*n c3n hiti0n hAnh Dng Dc5 L3u tin cho d3u chy vAo ?_ cha Dng B* ?; cc t chHt Dn> Bau8 ?*m Dn my Dc hung ?n 8_ tch crn huy6n h-5

L; nht cJa d3u nh hIng 2Ht Dn 80n t=c 8; Dc> nh v9y> t=c 8; Dc hSthu;c vAo nhit 8; cJa d3u5 Nhit 8; cAng cao> 8; nht cAng thH> Dc cAng nhanhnhng I nhit 8; cao m;t B= crn Dc Di tan vAo d3u nn d3u hQng 8Ec Dc Bch> do8> nhit 8; Dc th@ch hE hong %& '&C5

Crn Dc cn cha nhi6u d3u> c th_ 8a t2I Di my horc d-ng dung mQi t2@chDy thu h+ > hAm DEng ncvA cc chHt d ?=c hc >+ > chU B= ait &mg KZ/ chU B= ait:mg KZ/ 8_

t2ung ha h0t cc ait ?o t do t2ong $g d3u ?oX5

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Hnh . Th5k( c e Jh&n! c$n

N!&E1n eK ,-n h4nh q (h5k( c

,*m ht $ B ht d3u t ? d3u B t t 8iYua mAng Dc thQng Yua 8Tng @nh D => cc t chHt c* hc c 8Tng @nh Dn h*n8Tng @nh D = cJa mAng Dc thF ?M gi4 Di5

k3u ti0 tSc chy u=ng mng vA d hQ cJa n c th_ BedSng DAm nc chHm horc DAm thc n gia Bc5 L_ ?o Yun hQ d3u nh^m hSc vScho cc mSc 8@ch t2n> t2c tin c3n hi DAm ngu;i hQ d3u> vic DAm ngu;i c th_thc hin ?^ng cch cho hQ d3u ti0 c vi hQng h@ Bau hi 2a h]i my > t2nhJ 8=ng5 L=i vi hQ d3u Bn uHt ?^ng h*ng h thJ cQng> do c 8; Pm cao nn 2Htd ?M m=c nn c3n hi ay nh]> h*i hQ 2 h*ng

h nAy chJ y0u d-ng 8_ tch hothoDiit vA 2otit t2ong d3u hothoDiit vA 2otitDA hai thAnh h3n ho ncX5 .2ong thAnh h3n cJa hai chHt nAy hQng c nc t do>tc DA chng I dng han nc> ha tan t2ong d3u to thAnh dung dMch thc I 8i6u inthTng5 Khi 8a nc I dng h7n tn vAo d3u c Dn cc Doi crn ho nc> I 8i6uin c 8Mnh nhit 8;> thTi gian> huHy t2;n555X> chng B to thAnh 0t tJa vA tch 2ah]i d3u5 \u t2Fnh thJy ha ?ao g


34/47

)h7n tn nc vAo t2ong d3u> h3n a nc cJa cc crn ho nc B hH thS

nc to 2a cc hc dng hid2at5

Cc chHt ho nc mHt t@nh tan t2ong d3u> chuy_n v6 dng dung dMch wo5

.o thAnh cc ht wo 8Qng tS DAm cho d3u vn 8Sc

)h7n Dy d3u 2a h]i cc hc hid2at ?Ang h*ng h Dng horc Di t7m5

\u t2Fnh thJy ha 8Ec thc hin nh Bau: 83u tin 8un nng d3u 80n nhit 8;%& &C> Bau 8 va huHy t2;n va cho nc nng c c-ng nhit 8; vAo5 (Engnc cho vAo t-y tng Doi d3u nhng thTng chi0m >& ! Bo vi h=i DEngd3uX5 Rau hi cho nc vAo ti0 tSc huHy t2;n thm $ ht n4a> Bau 8 8_ yn t2ongvng $ giT5 Crn Dng u=ng di 8y> tho crn 2a t2c vA tho d3u 2a Bau5

\u t2Fnh thJy ha DA DA cQng 8on hQng th_ thi0u 8=i vi vic tinh ch0 d3u vF

hothoDiit c dinh dOng cao nn d to 8i6u in cho VRV ht t2i_n DAm nhhIng 80n chHt DEng cJa d3u thAnh hPm5 k3u Bau hi thJy ha c chU B= ait nh]h*n d3u t2c hi thJy ha hong >$ >% > do cc thAnh h3n ho nc c t@nhait 8 8Ec Doi 2a5

NgoAi 2a> t2ong Yu t2Fnh ?o Yun d3u thQ> Yu t2Fnh t thJy ha csng c th_y 2a do cc h3n ho nc t2ong d3u hn ng vi Pm cJa hQng h@ t2n ?6 mrtthongX vA vi m;t h3n nh] Pm I t2ong d3u5 \u t2Fnh t thJy ha to 2a m;t DEngcrn Dng t2ong d3u thQ> t2ong 8 hothoDiit chi0m hong %& > d3u %& nc !

+ > cc chHt hQng tan t2ong d3u ! + Bo vi h=i DEng crnX5

\u t2Fnh thJy ha 8Ec thc hin t2ong nh4ng thi0t ?M hFnh t2S 8y cQn c D?; h9n gia nhit i_u =ng on 2u;t gA vA c cnh huHy5

m.. Tj&n! hm... Mx 2dh: \u t2Fnh t2ung ha chJ y0u DA Doi ?] cc acid ?o t do5 NgoAi 2a> t2ong Yu t2Fnh t2ung ha thF chHt A hng ha Binh 2a5 ChHt nAy

c h nng hH hS vA o thwo m;t B= t chHt nh: chHt mAu> chHt nha>

2otid vA m;t B= t chHt hc5 Nn d3u Bau hi t2ung ha 8 Doi ?] 8Ec h3nDn t chHt vA cc acid ?o t do5m... N!&E1n (: ka vAo B hn ng t2ung ha acid ?^ng ?ao5 ki tc dSng cJa dung

dMch i6m cc acid ?o t do vA cc t chHt c t@nh acid B to thAnh mu=ii6m> chng hQng tan t2ong d3u mO nhng c th_ tan t2ong nc nn c th_

h7n Dy 2a h]i d3u ?^ng cch Dng hay 2ea nhi6u D3n5 \u t2Fnh hFnh thAnh acid?o t do thwo hn ng:

jCZZ/ NaZ/ jCZZNa /!Z

27


35/47

.2ong thc t0> hi t2ung ha d3u> i6m c th_ A hng ha c d3u mI t2ung

t@nh B DAm gim hiu BuHt thu h Bau 8 mIcnh huHy vA cho t t DEng Boudw 8 8Ec 8Mnh DEng vA n tt cnh huHy>8_ Dng t2ong !h5 crn A hng> Bau 8 ti0n hAnh 2ea 8_ Doi h0t A hng vAt chHt 2a h]i d3u5 .i0n hAnh 2ea ?^ng cch hun dung dMch nc mu=i c n mI van nc 8_ tch Doi A hng5 N0u Bau hi huHt thHu A hng hFnh thAnh di dng nhJ t*ng thF t2c

hi Dng cho thm dung dMch mu=i vAo 8_ h vO h nhJ t*ng> tng t=c 8;Dng cho A hng5 /iu Yu cJa Yu t2Fnh t2ung ha 8Ec 8nh gi ?^ng chU B= lV5 N0u lV

t2ong hong >&lV>$ thF d3u 8 8t yu c3u5 N0u lV>& thF ta thm BoudwvAo ti0n hAnh t2ung ha ti0 cho 80n hi lV 8t yu c3u5

28


36/47

Hnh . Th5k( c (j&n! h

m.. R}b 6'E )*&L_ Doi h0t A hng c t2ong d3u Bau t2ung ha> c3n ti0n hAnh 2ea d3u

Din tSc nhi6u D3n + W ' D3nX> DEng nc hong $&p! Bo vi d3u5 L3u tin hi 2ea?^ng dung dMch mu=i NaCD n nhit 8; hong #p#&oC> Bau 8 2ea ?^ngnc nng #&p#oC5 C3n thi0t hi huHy 86u Din tSc> Bau 8 8_ yn cho crn Dngu=ng5 .i0n hAnh tho nc> tch DHy A hng vA thu h c3n ti0n hAnh 2ea d3u Din tSc nhi6u

D3n5 \u t2Fnh 8Ec thc hin t2ong thi0t ?M t2ung ha5 Nc 2ea c th_ 8Ec t9

t2ung Di 8_ thu h


37/47

.hTi gian BHy: %& W ' ht5 BuHt $mm/g

[u c3u d3u Bau hi BHy: 8; Pm cho h t=i 8a >$ W >&m.0. &F (jnh (yE 4&:

ka vAo h nng hH hS cJa cc chHt c$ h nng hH hS ?6 mrt> B hH

hS nAy c t@nh chn Dc 8=i vi d3u thTng DA hH hS cc hE chHt mAu5 ChHthH hS thIng 8Ec Be dSng DA than hot t@nh5 Rau hi hH hS ong chHt hH

hS 8Ec tch 2a h]i d3u Yua Yu t2Fnh Dc5 k3u Bau hi t2ung ha 8Ec ?*m Bang ? than hot t@nh 8Ec 8a vAo

? t3ng + c ! c7y

8in t2I5 /*i 8Ec d-ng I t3ng + vA & DA h*i tinh hit h*i hQX5 Khi 8i Yua ?;h9n Yu nhit h*i B 8Ec DAm hQ hoAn toAn 8_ t2nh cho d3u ?M nhim nc5

.3ng %: chU c vi hun h*i DAm nhim vS 8=t nng d3u> nhit 8; ! oC5 .3ng !: I t3ng nAy d3u 8 8Ec gi DA d3u 8t yu c3u cJa d3u thAnh hPm5 .3ng $: DA t3ng gii nhit> n^m I di c-ng cJa th he m-i5 t3ng nAy c

thm h th=ng 2u;t gA DAm ngu;i ?^ng nc I nhit 8; thTng 8_ gim nhit 8;cJa d3u t $' u=ng cn hong &poC5 L


38/47

+ k3u Bau t2ung ha> tPy mAu d3u ?n tinh DuynX 8Ec 8a vAo h th=ng he

m-i & t3ngX> BuHt ch7n hQng 8t 'mm/g5 Khi hot 8;ng thi0t ?M hiDuQn I t2ng thi ch7n hQng> hQng h@ t2ong ?


39/47

Hnh . H" (han! (yE 4&m.. &F (jnh Jh} 5:

k-ng h*i Yu nhit ti0 c t2c ti0 vi d3u t2ong 8i6u in mQi t2Tng ch7n

hQng vA nhit 8; cao5 Cc chHt g7y m-i t2ong d3u B ?=c h*i vA 8Ec DQi o2a ngoAi ?Ii h*i nc5

k3u Bau hi tPy mAu 8Ec ?*m Bang th he m-i nhT ch7n hQng5 .i 87y d3u

8Ec gia nhit Dn hong $!p$+oC5 k3u ti0 tSc 8Ec gia nhit Dn hong

$1p!oC5 Khi 8t nhit 8; yu c3u vA ch7n hQng DA 'mm/g> thF h*i Yunhit 8Ec hun t2c ti0 8_ he m-i d3u5 k3u di chuy_n t t2n u=ng cn h*ihQ 8Ec th`i t di Dn> din tFch ti0 c cJa ! ha cAng Dn thF h nngDoi ?] m-i cJa d3u cAng cao5

k3u Bau hi 8 he m-i 8Ec 8a vAo ?


40/47

Hnh . ThFp Jh} 5. 6+ a n! n!h" ,4 Fh Jh phx

.. Tj&n! h:+ Nhs d3u+ k3u Dn crn A hng

+ /ao hSt nhi6u d3u Khc hSc:

+ ,*m dung dMch nc mu=i Dn 8_ h nhs+ .ng DEng nc 2ea> tng B= D3n 2ea+ nc 2ea t t.. TyE 4&b e:+ .hi0t ?M Dc ?M 2 2q 8Ht Dc horc nght Dc+ k3u Bau Dc 8Sc

Khc hSc

+ .hay Di Dc vA ngng cH d3u> d-ng d3u Bch 8_ 2ea Dc+ Cho h 86u hi 8Ec Bea ch4a M thTi5Nh4ng nguyn nh7n g7y hao hSt d3u t2ong Yu t2Fnh tinh Duyn:

/iu BuHt Yu t2Fnh tinh Duyn cJa doanh nghi DA 15 .2ong Yu t2Fnh tinh Duyn> DuEng d3u hao hSt toAn ?; ?ao g DEng d3u mO ?M A hng ha> DEng d3u

Dn t2ong cc Doi crn vA nc 2ea> DEng d3u cn Di t2ong cc huy changuyn Diu vA t2ong cc ? he m-i do?*m hQng t2it 8_5

NgoAi B tiu hao cc acid ?o t do> cc h3n tiu hao cn Di gi chung DA B

tiu hao d3u mO t2ung t@nh5 .hwo inh nghim cJa cc doanh nghi> t{ D d3u hao hS t2ung t@nh thTng

t2ong hm vi nh Bau:+ ko tinh Duyn i6m: &+ ko 2ea nc: &+ ko tPy mAu: &

33


41/47

+ ko Bai B= ngu nhin:& c hao hSt d3u t2ung t@nh nh v9y DA do: Ch0 8; thu9t vA thao tc chJ y0u

da vAo inh nghim cJa cQng nh7n5

34


42/47

TVNH TW?N NG/N LI/ 8_ DAm nguyn Diu cho cQng nghi vA 8_ uHt

hPu DA >&> >&5 . chHt> t@nh thwo h=i DEng> hQng Dn h*n >& 8=i vi 89u h;ng 8 tch

v] hng !> . >&5 L; Pm cJa t chHt t $$ L; Pm cJa d3u d >! L; Pm hQ d3u & /Am DEng d3u t2ong hQ k '>! /Am DEng crn t2ong d3u Cd >! L; Pm Bau chng c !&

Nhit 8; chng BHy t 1

C L; Pm Bau BHy B !>& Nhit 8; BHy tB $$&C /iu BuHt thu hQ d3u thwo Df thuy0t:

K=100(D0+W0+T)+T .Wt

100(Dk+W

k)

100=53,49

.`n thHt cJa d3u thwo hQ d3u

D'

K=

K . Dk

100 =3,3

(Eng d3u thQ nh9n 8Ec thwo Df thuy0t

k kW k %'> (Eng d3u thQ nh9n 8Ec thwo thc t0

ktt100.D

100(Cd+Wd) %'>#

35


43/47

TVNH TW?N LXNG YIZM

.2ong 8i6u in cQng nghi> NaZ/ d-ng 8_ t2ung ha hQng hi DA DEng

tinh hi0t $X> mA nh] h*n #!X> do 8 hi t@nh hi _ 80n h B= hiu chUnh v6i6m tinh hi0t> f hiu DA > v9y cQng thc d-ng 8_ t@nh DEng i6m c3n d-ng 8_t2ung ha acid ?o t do:

X=40.10 . D . A

56.X'

.2ong 8:

+ : DEng NaZ/ c3n d-ng t@nh cho $ tHn d3u gX5+ %: h=i DEng h7n te NaZ/5+

l: chU B= ait cJa d3u 8wm t2ung ha5+ &': h=i DEng h7n te cJa KZ/5+ k: B= DEng d3u 8wm t2ung ha5

36


44/47

TI/ CH/N CH9T LXNG C[A D/. Ch (51& $ r&n: Au Bc cJa d3u: d3u Bau hi tinh ch0 hi c mAu Bng> t2ong> hQngvn 8Sc>555vA hQng thay 8`i mAu Bc t2ong Bu=t Yu t2Fnh ?o Yun vA Be dSng -i cJa d3u: c m-i ?Fnh thTng> 8rc t2ng 2 2t cJa d3u 89u h;ng>hQng Qi> hQng hQi> hQng h> hQng c m-i ht> m-i D h chMu VM cJa d3u: d3u c vM ?Fnh thTng> hQng ?M 8ng> hQng ?M cha>555. Ch (51& hzF eK: ChU B= ait: nh] h*n >!mg KZ/"g d3u 8=i vi d3u 89u h;ngX ChU B= w2oit: hQng Dn h*n % miDi 8*ng DEng w2oit oy"g d3ud3u 89u h;ngX5 ChU B= A hng: $#p$#&mg KZ/"g d3u ChU B= iot: $!p$%! iBX

/Am DEng nc: >$p>+3. Ch (51& ,5 #5nh ,-(:p KhQng c vi huPn g7y ?nhp KhQng c vi huPn hi0u h@ $"gp KhQng c vi huPn coDi

CH\ TI/ CH9T LXNG C[A D/ TH /Am DEng crn d3u >! /Am DEng nc vA cc chHt ?ay h*i >+ k3u c chU B= ait &mg KZ/ CF (h4nh ph*n q )*& (h Cc t chHt _ c dung mQi d tha Bau t2@ch DyX: hothoDid> B > chHt mAu>

acid ?o t do Cc chHt hc c DEi: .2igDyw2it vA cc vitamin tan t2ong chHt ?o nh > >

ca2otwn ti6n vitaminX DA chHt ch=ng oy ho t nhin c t2ong d3u mO CF h (51&

ChU tiu acid: %p& /Am DEng hothatid thwo oDwoBtw2inX: $>+ W $>1 L; mAu: %p%&

L_ c d3u thAnh hPm cao hi ti0n hAnh Yu t2Fnh tinh Duyn d3u nh^m Doi ?]

nh4ng t chHt nhHt 8Mnh thwo yu c3u5k3u thc v9t Bau hi tinh Duyn hi 8t tiu chuPn v6 chHt DEng> 8m ?o

8Ec Bc ho cho ngTi Be dSng vA an toAn v6 v Binh thc hPm> Bn hPm 8t chHtDEng DA Bn hPm hi c hAm DEng chHt dinh dOng vA m;t B= chHt hS gia t2onggii hn cho h Bau:

Au Bc cJa d3u: mAu Bc hi Bng> t2ong> hQng vn 8Sc5555vi nh4ng hPm

mAu Bau 87y 8Ec cho h d-ng vi mSc 8@ch hQi hSc Di mAu Bc 8 ?M mHtt2ong ch0 ?i0n horc tiu chuPn ho mAu Bc ,wtapca2otwn

!&mg"g

37


45/47

Cc chHtchi0t annatto !mg"g

Cu2cummin hay tu2mw2ic &mg"g ,wtapap#pca2otwnat !&mg"g

-i cJa d3u: d3u c chHt DEng t=t c m-i ?Fnh thTng> 8rc t2ng cJa tng Doi

d3u DA hQng Qi> hQng c m-i D> m-i h chMu gF hc5 .a c th_ dJng cch8*n gin 8_ i_m t2a m-i cJa d3u nh Bau: 2ea tay th9t Bch> hQng d-ng Ahng th*m 8_ t2nh m-i D> g7y nhiu hi nh9n t5 (Hy m;t chi0c 8sa th9tBch chHm vAo d3u> 2 d-ng ngn tay t2] di mi0t> dAn 2;ngd3u 2a Dong ?An tay 2 h*ng vM B ?Fnh thTng> c vM

hQng chat> hQng 8ng> hQng chua> mA c h*ng vM 8rc t2ng cJa d3u 89uh;ng5 .a c th_ i_m t2a vM cJa d3u ?^ng cch 8*n gin nh Bau: d-ng m;tchi0c 8sa chHm vAo d3u nh] $p! git d3u vAo hm ?An tay5 k-ng DOi n0m wm

d3u c m-i vM D hQng> d3u c m-i 8rc t2ng5 N0m ong nh` ?] vA c mingq

38


46/47

NHN 8@T

/in nay t2n th0 gii g3n # Bn DEng d3u thc thc v9t 8Ec Bn uHt ?^ng

h*ng h do h*ng h nAy c u 8i_m vEt t2;i: thao tc 8*n gin> chi h@thH vA 8; an toAn cao5 rt hc> h*ng h it hai D3n h- hE vi t2Fnh 8;cQng ngh vA thi0t ?M I Vit Nam5 VF v9y> t v6 hiu Yu inh t0> h*ng h ithai D3n DA h*ng h th@ch hE nhHt cho vic hai thc d3u 89u h;ng> 89u h;ngcn v] d-ng 8_ d3u d-ng t2ong cQng nghi> 89u h;ng ?c v] d-ng 8_ d3u DAmd3u n5

b d3u Be dSng h*ng h nhit c u 8i_m Be dSng @t thi0t ?M> Yu t2Fnhthi0t ?M v9n hAnh 8*n gin> nng DEng Be dSng cho cc Yu t2Fnh thH5 Nhng Yu

t2Fnh nhit c nhEc 8i_m DA hiu BuHt thu h DEng d3u cnt2ong ? cao h*n Bo vi vic Be dSng h*ng h t2@ch Dy> m;t B= chHt c hot t@nhBinh hc cao t2ong d3u d ?M mHt 8i

39


47/47

T]I LI/ THAM YH7W$5 Cc Yu t2Fnh c* ?n t2ong Bn uHt thc hPm W ( ,ch .uy0t p NhA uHt ?n

gio dSc!5 Gio t2Fnh CQng ngh Bn uHt d3u thc v9t W .2Tng 8i hc cQng nghi thc

hPm .)5/C+5 am (ovw p at and ZiDB in ood%5 Nh4ng c7y c d3u ?o I Vit Namp )hm Vn Nguynp N, Khoa hc vA

thu9t $#1$&5 .Ai Diu q thu9t W CQng ty d3u thc v9t Vit Nam'5 httB:""vi5iiwdia5o2g"ii"($,ll$c5 htt:""Bocongthuong5huywn5gov5vn"dwauDt5aB

agwnwBdodwtaiDcatwgo2yid$#%nwBid###%15 httB:""BitwB5googDw5com"Bitw"yBuhodhinhhai"cayphopdhau"caypdhauphong
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BA%A1chttp://socongthuong.phuyen.gov.vn/default.aspx?page=news&do=detail&category_id=194&news_id=9994http://socongthuong.phuyen.gov.vn/default.aspx?page=news&do=detail&category_id=194&news_id=9994https://sites.google.com/site/kysuhodhinhhai/cay-ho-dhau/cay-dhau-phonghttps://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BA%A1chttp://socongthuong.phuyen.gov.vn/default.aspx?page=news&do=detail&category_id=194&news_id=9994http://socongthuong.phuyen.gov.vn/default.aspx?page=news&do=detail&category_id=194&news_id=9994https://sites.google.com/site/kysuhodhinhhai/cay-ho-dhau/cay-dhau-phong

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