CLOUD COMPUTIING

By KRISHNALAL K JS5 MCA

Introduction

Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software, and information are provided to computers and other devices on demand, like the electricity grid.

Cloud computing is a paradigm shift following the shift from mainframe to client–server in the early 1980s. Details are abstracted from the users, who no longer have need for expertise in, or control over, the technology infrastructure "in the cloud" that supports them.

What Is Cloud Computing?

Cloud computing is Internet based computing where virtual shared servers provide software, infrastructure, platform, devices and other resources and hosting to customers on a pay-as-you-use basis.

All information that a digitized system has to offer is provided as a service in the cloud computing model. Users can access these services available on the "Internet cloud" without having any previous know-how on managing the resources involved.

History

Concept originated from telecommunication companies changing to VPN

1999:Salesforce. com ‐ Delivery of applications via web 2002: Amazon launches Amazon Web Services (AWS) 2006: Google Docs, Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) 2008: Eucalyptus 2009: Microsoft Azure

Why cloud service is popular?

Reduce the complexity of networks. Do not have to buy software licenses. Customization. Cloud providers that have specialized in a particular area (such as e-mail) can bring

advanced services that a single company might not be able to afford or develop. scalability, reliability, and efficiency. Info. at cloud are not easily lost.

Datacenter

It is collection of servers where application is placed and is accessed via internet.

HOW YOUR DATA IS STORED

Essential characteristics of Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing

On-demand self-service

Ubiquitous network access

Resource pooling

Rapid elasticity

Flexible pricing - Pay per use

Advantages of Cloud Computing

Lower Computing Cost Improved Performance Reduced Software Cost Instant Software Updates Unlimited Storage Capacity Increased Data Reliability Device Independence and the “always on!, anywhere and any place” Free From Maintenance and the “no-need-to-know”

Disadvantages of Cloud Computing

► Cloud computing is impossible if you cannot connect to the Internet.

► Since you use the Internet to connect to both your applications and documents, if you do not have an Internet connection you cannot access anything, even your own documents.

► A dead Internet connection means no work and in areas where Internet connections are few or inherently unreliable, this could be a deal-breaker.

► When you are offline, cloud computing simply does not work.

Virtualization

Virtual workspaces: An abstraction of an execution environment that can be made dynamically

available to authorized clients by using well-defined protocols, Resource quota (e.g. CPU, memory share), Software configuration (e.g. O/S, provided services).

Implement on Virtual Machines (VMs): Abstraction of a physical host machine, Hypervisor intercepts and emulates instructions from VMs, and allows

management of VMs, VMWare, Xen, etc.

Provide infrastructure API: Plug-ins to hardware/support structures

Hardware

OSApp App App

HypervisorOS OS

Virtualized Stack

Virtual Machines• VM technology allows multiple virtual

machines to run on a single physical machine.

Hardware

Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) / Hypervisor

Guest OS(Linux)

Guest OS(NetBSD)

Guest OS(Windows)

VM VM VM

AppApp AppAppAppXenVMWareUMLDenalietc.

Performance: Para-virtualization (e.g. Xen) is very close to raw physical performance!

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Virtualization in General

Advantages of virtual machines: Run operating systems where the physical hardware is unavailable, Easier to create new machines, backup machines, etc., Software testing using “clean” installs of operating systems and software, Emulate more machines than are physically available, Timeshare lightly loaded systems on one host, Debug problems (suspend and resume the problem machine), Easy migration of virtual machines (shutdown needed or not). Run legacy systems!

Cloud Service models - Characteristics

• Scalable; Multi-tenant; Metadata driven configurability

• Sometimes free; easy to use; good consumer adoption; proven business models

Software as a Service (SaaS)

• Highly scalable; multi-tier architecture; Multi tenant environments

• Developers can upload a configured applications and it “runs” within the platform’s framework

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

• Offers full control of a company’s infrastructure; not confined to applications or restrictive instances

• Sometimes comes with a price premium; can be complex to build, manage and maintain

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Cloud Service models - Containing

Cloud Service models - Examples

Cloud Operating Systems

► Eye OS► Amoeba OS► Glide OS► Start force► myGoya► CorneliOS► Lucid Desktop► Cloudo, Ghost, Zimdesk, Start force etc.,

eyeOS

Glide OS

Types of Cloud Computing

Private Cloud

Owned and managed by service provider Made available to the general public or a large industry group Operated solely for an organization May be managed by the organization or a third party Limits access to enterprise and partner network Retains high degree of control, privacy and security E.g. : HP data center, IBM, Sun, Oracle, 3tera

Community Cloud

shared infrastructure by several organizations which have shared concerns May be managed by the organizations or a third party Costs are spread over fewer users than a public cloud but more than a

single tenant Eg;Amazon, Google, Microsoft, Sales force

Hybrid Cloud

Composition of two or more clouds (private, community, or public) bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability

Is Cloud Computing reduces E-Waste?.

► Green IT Cloud Computing

► Cloud Computing is Eco-Friendly.

► We can reduce E-waste by using Cloud Computing i.e. by Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

► Cloud Computing Helps to Accelerate Green IT

► Can reduce Global Warming too..

F aceb o o k D ateC enter

G o o gle S erver

Commercial Clouds

Commercial Clouds

The Future

Many of the activities loosely grouped together under cloud computing have already been happening and centralised computing activity is not a new phenomena

Grid Computing was the last research-led centralised approach However there are concerns that the mainstream adoption of cloud computing could

cause many problems for users Many new open source systems appearing that you can install and run on your local

cluster should be able to run a variety of applications on these systems

Conclusion

Cloud Computing is the fastest growing part of network based computing . It Provides tremendous benefits to customers of all sizes: simple users, developers, enterprises and all types of organizations.