cloud computing and virtualisation

Security in Cloud Computing & Virtualization

LRP BASED ON

Speeches & Workshops attended

Computer Society of India

Institution of Engineers

White Papers & Friends

Institute of Electronics &

Telecommunications

Engineers

If you can't explain it simply……

….you have not UNDERSTOOD it well enough

Basic Introduction

Types & Applications

SECURITY

Conclude

20 – 25 Min drive

CLOUD COMPUTING

• Offers Computing as a Service

• Provisions service in a timely on demand manner

VIRTUALISATION

• Provisions running multiple OS on a single Physical System and share underlying hardware resources

Traditional Server

speed

performa

nce

Security in Virtualisation & Cloud Computing

slow

efficiency

Purana

zamana?

APPLN

OS STORAGE

HW PLATFORM

APPLN

OS STORAGE

HW PLATFORM

APPLN

OS STORAGE

HW PLATFORM

APPLN

OS STORAGE

HW PLATFORM

EMAIL WINDOWSEXCHANGE

WEB SERVERWINDOWS IIS

APP SERVERLINUX

GLASSFISH

DB SERVERLINUXMYSQL

SYSTEM ADMINISTRATORS

• Servers taken as a whole unit that incl Hardware, the OS,the Storage and the Applications

SERVERS

• Often referred to by their functions ie the Exchange server, the SQL Server or the File Server etc.

OVERTAXED?

• If any of the servers is overtaxed,then the System Administrator must add in a new server.

MULTIPLE SERVERS

• Unless there are multiple servers,if a service experiences a HW failure, then the service is down.

CLUSTERING ?

• Clustering can be implemented to make them more fault tolerant. However, even clusters have limits on their scalability and not all applications work in a clustered environment.

-Easy to Conceptualize

- Fairly easy to deploy

-Easy to backup

-Virtually any appln /

service can be run from

this type of setup

-Under utilized HW

-Vulnerable to HW

outrages

-Not Very scalable

-Difficult to replicate

-Redundancy issues

-Expensive

Virtual servers seek to encapsulate theserver software away from hardware

Servers end up as mere files stored on aphysical box

Can be serviced by one/more hosts & onehost may house one/more virtual servers

If built correctly,not affected by the loss ofhost

Host may be removed and introduced atwill to accommodate maint

-Resource Pooling

- Highly reduntant

-High Avail

-Rapid and easy dply

-Reconfigurable

-Optimisation

-Harder to conceptualise

-Slightly costly

Offerings from many companies

Hardware Support

Fits well with the move to 64 bit

Virtualization is now a well establishedtechnology

Platform Virtualization

Desktop Virtualization

Network Virtualization

Storage Virtualization

Resource Virtualization

No need to own the Hardware

Rent as needed

Option of Public Cloud

Can go for a Private Cloud

Types of Cloud Models

Private

Public


Hybrid

Based on the standard cloud computing model

Service provider makes resources, such as applications andstorage, available over the Internet

Services may be free or offered on a pay-per-usage model

Limited service providers like Microsoft, Google etc own allInfrastructure at their Data Center and the access allowedthrough Internet mode only

Cloud infrastructure operated solely for a single organization

Users "still have to buy, build, and manage them"

Designed to offer the same features and benefits of cloudsystems

Removes a number of objections to the cloud computingmodel including control over enterprise and customer data,worries about security

• Setup with a Credit Card

Various Providers let u create VirtualServers

• Choose the OS

• Choose the Software

• Instant start/Instant Close

U can create a Virtual Server

U Get the Bill

• Many systems have variabledemands

• Web sites at peak Hours

Cost Control

• No need to buy HW

Reduce Risk

• Business Expansion

• Business change

Scalability@Business Agility

• Scaling Back =Scaling Up

Elasticity

Stick to Business

Y should TOI worry about IT

Avoid getting into NW Problems &issues

Deployment Models

IaaS

SaaS


PaaS

CaaS

MaaS

Communication as a Service

Infrastructure as a Service

Monitoring as a Service

Platform as a Service

Software as a Service

Crime Ware as a Service

IT as a Service

Many cloud deployments are build onvirtualised platforms

However it is not a requirement

Some SaaS dply are not virtualised

Virtualization is not a requirement of cloud computing, its ability toefficiently share resources makes it an excellent foundation.

Hypervisor, also called Virtual MachineManager (VMM)

One of many hardwarevirtualization techniques allowingMultiple Operating Systems

Conceptually one level higher than aSupervisory program

Manages the execution of the guestoperating systems

Used to describe the interface provided bythe specific cloud computing functionalityinfrastructure as a service (IaaS)

100% SECURITY IS A MYTH COL S K KAPOOR

…..Off course our answer sheets also came out to be myth

Crime as a Service (CaaS) is just like Software as a Service (SaaS)

……………but instead of offering legal and helpful services though the Internet,criminal syndicates are offering illegal and detrimental services

…such as infecting large quantities of computers, sending spam and even launching

direct denial of service (DDoS) attacks

Infrastructure As (Crime) Service or Iaa(C)S, in which the criminals offer malicious services (or infrastructures) to attack specified targets, services may include complex “traditional”

infrastructures such as botnets

….but also “innovative” large scale fashioned services such as DDoS or also sharper services such as password cracking. Try to surf the web and you will discover how easy it is to purchase such a criminal kind of services.

Security in the Cloud – Dealing with AAS HOLES

Software As a (Crime) Service or Saa(C)S, in which the criminals offer malicious software (and the needed support) as a service.

An example? The latest Zeus Variant dubbed Citadel provides the purchaser with help desk and even a dedicated Social Network

Loose Control Over Assets

Trust ur data to Cloud Service Provider?

Loose control over Physical Security

In a Public Cloud u share with others!!!!

No knowledge of what runs where?

Sticky Services!!!!@incompatibility

Control over Encryption/Decryption Keys

No Stds yet!!!@OCC is there working

Internally developed Code in cloud?

Loose control over Physical Security

Msn critical applications in public cloud?

Audit Logs accessible to service provider

PCI DSS

Constant up gradation!!!

Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard

Data Residency in SaaS

Banking data to reside within country!!

Citizen data not on shared servers

Easier for attackers!!!

Double edged- Cloud & Virtualization

Patch Maintenance

Bharosa & Trust

Privileged User Access

• Inquire about who has spl access to data

• Who are the administrators and how r they hired?

Regulatory Compliance

• Is vendor willing to undergo external audits

• Security classification?

Data Location

• Does the provider allow any control over loc of data

Data Segregation

• Encryption policy, schemes and design

Recovery

• What happens in case of disaster

• Restoration Policies and Business Continuity Plans

Investigative Support

• Vendor’s ability to investigate any inappropriate or illegal activity ?

Long term Viability

• What happens if company goes out of Business?

• Risk Management

Security Monitoring and IR

• Notification of Sec Vulnerabilities

• IR Teams?

Data in Transit

Data at Rest

Data in Processing

Data Lineage@mapping

Data Remanence

Few Cases.....u should know

AWS

Google

Docs


Cevin

Internet Assigned Numbers Authority & RIR

Stealing keys to access and manage hosts

Attacking unpatched,vulnerable services

Hijacking accounts with weak pwds

Weak Firewalls

Deploying Trojans

Langot’s@Microsoft, Windriver

CSI

IETE

Institution of Engineers,Kolkatta

cloud computing and virtualisation

Technology