clippership common law inferred precedent partnered elitist righteous schematics humanity induced...

7/29/2019 CLIPPERSHIP Common Law Inferred Precedent Partnered Elitist Righteous Schematics Humanity Induced Perception

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2/13

www.SapBoat.com

The ICE berghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ZgpytuC2WE

Apr. 2 2011

Titanic and the Jesuits

Sunk to kill dissenters of the Federal Reserve

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cczB8b-nP0wMar. 13 2012

Titanic sunk to kill dissenters of the Federal Reservehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmGnjTHw3wg

Nov. 7 2012

Federal Reserve Bank Jesuits

Many stories seriously told whats the truth if I may be so bold!!!

Unequivocally about GoldNot a Human Achievement

www.Aliens13.com

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzqQI3qbBkU

Aug. 6 2011

Why they sunk the Titanic

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4SZmPZ2e8U

Aug. 11 2012The Titanic did not hit an Iceberg

A bomb?

J.P Morgan insurance conspiracy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NzLIz27GqWsRothschild Federal Reserve

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=onWb_ripZ3c

Jekyll Island Group

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=STbVPLNwLRwVatican Rothschild Federal Reserve Cartel

Gold Seizure

War their money Treehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w7gokI6bQQU

Jan. 30 2013Rothschild Elite hoard Gold as puppet Obama kills the dollar

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3/13

Ultimate Deception

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kqngLeu-DsADec. 12 2010

Obama Alien Invasion

Phoenix Lights

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hAbhkeX1REUDec. 28 2010

Alien AgendaGoldilocks Planet

Third Dimension people of fear remains with the intuitive moving to Consciousness Awakening

Anti-matter

Phenix collidingGold Particles togetherH.A.A.R.P

***Mining a lot of Gold***NEO

Near Earth Objects

Real Power of Gold

Thars Gold in them thar Kills

***********************************************

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9XttXhxYIKIFeb. 25 2013

Downfall of the Vatican the Queen Prime Minister of Canada and the System

March 4 2013 to respond

Kevin Annett

www.Genocide13.com

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyk4n2lXhpE

Feb.12 2013

Pope arrest warrantWhy the Pope resigned

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWDyPsQun3QFeb. 13 2013

Last Pope

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aKWPht3fU-o&feature=related

Tesla Race to Zero Point Free Energy

Nemesis J.P. Morgan

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4/13

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icPlVPaGg_EUS has crafts Earth to Moon in 90 minutes

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vH9aP-MNwbg

The Moon your worst Enemy

Whats IT all about Alfie?

TV13.TV

Transparent Viscosity 13 Transcendental Vision

THIRTEENFiduciary Responsibly Accountable Natural Karma Triage Holistic Inalienable Ritualistic Tranquility Equilibrium Egotistic Nemesis

4
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icPlVPaGg_Ehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vH9aP-MNwbghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icPlVPaGg_Ehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vH9aP-MNwbg


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper

A clipperwas a very fast sailing ship of the 19th century that had three or moremastsand a square rig. Theywere generally narrow for their length, could carry limited bulk freight, small by later 19th century standards, andhad a large total sail area. Clipper ships were mostly made in British and Americanshipyards, though France,the Netherlandsand other nations also produced some. Clippers sailed all over the world, primarily on the traderoutes between the United Kingdom and its colonies in the east, in trans-Atlantic trade, and the New York-to-San Francisco route round Cape Horn during theCalifornia Gold Rush.Dutch clippers were built beginning in1850s for the tea trade and passenger service toJava.The boom years of the Clipper Ship Era began in 1843 as a result of the growing demand for a more rapiddelivery of tea from China. It continued under the stimulating influence of the discovery of gold in California and

Australia in 1848 and 1851, and ended with the opening of theSuez Canalin 1869.[1]

Contents [hide]

1 Origin of the nautical term "clipper"2 History3 China clippers and the epitome of sail4 Clipper ship sailing cards

5 Decline6 Modern clipper ships

7 See also7.1 People associated with clipper ships

7.2 Similar ships7.3 Clippers in aviation

8 Notes9 Footnotes10 References11 Further reading

11.1 Overview and introduction11.2 American clipper ships11.3 Clipper ships by type12 External links

[edit]Origin of the nautical term "clipper"

"Opium clipper" Water Witch, a British ship built in 1831

The term "clipper" most likely derives from the verb "clip", which in former times meant, among other things, torun or fly swiftly. Dryden, the English poet, used the word "clip" to describe the swift flight of a falcon in the 17thcentury when he said "And, with her eagerness the quarry missed, Straight flies at check, and clips it down thewind." The ships appeared to clip along the ocean water. The term "clip" became synonymous with "speed" andwas also applied to fast horses and sailing ships. "To clip it," and "going at a good clip," are familiar expressionsto this day.[1]

While the first application of the term "clipper" in a nautical sense is by no means certain, it seems to have hadan American origin when applied to the Baltimore clippers of the late 18th century. When these vessels of a newmodel were built, which were intended to "clip" over the waves rather than plough through them, the improvedtype of craft became known as "clippers" because of their speed. [1]

In England the nautical term "clipper" appeared a little later. The Oxford English Dictionarysays its earliestquotation for "clipper" is from 1830. This does not mean, however, that little British opium clippers from prior to1830 were not called "opium clippers" just as they are today. Cutler reports the first newspaper appearance wasin 1835, and by then the term was apparently familiar. An undated painting of the British Water Witch built in

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%23Clipper_ships_by_typehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#External_links%23External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Drydenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_note-clark-1%23cite_note-clark-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltimore_clipperhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_note-clark-1%23cite_note-clark-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary


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1831 is labeled OPIUM CLIPPER "WATER WITCH"so the term had at least passed into common usage duringthe time that this ship sailed.

[edit]History

ClipperSovereign of the Seasset the record for World's Fastest Sailing Ship in 1854

Hornet an American clipper ship of the 1850s

American clipper ship, painted in typical style by Chinese artist

The first ships to which the term "clipper" seems to have been applied were the Baltimore clippers. Baltimoreclippers were top sailschooners developed in Chesapeake Baybefore theAmerican Revolution, and whichreached their zenith between 1795 and 1815. They were small, rarely exceeding 200 tons OM, and modelledafter French luggers.[1]Some were lightly armed in the War of 1812, sailing underLetters of Marque andReprisal, when the typeexemplified by Chasseur, launched atFells Point, Baltimore in 1814 became known

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for her incredible speed; the deepdraftenabled the Baltimore clipper to sailclose to the wind.[2] Clippers,running the British blockade of Baltimore, came to be recognized for speed rather than cargo space.Fast speed was required for the Chinese opium trade between England, India and China. Small, sharp-bowedBritish vessels were the result. An early example, which is today known as an opium clipper, was the Transitof1819. She was followed by many more.[3]

Meanwhile Baltimore Clippers still continued to be built, and were built specifically for the China opium traderunning opium between India and China, a trade that only became unprofitable for American ship owners in1849.[4]

The first attempt at building a larger swift vessel was in America with theAnn McKim, 494tons OM, built on theenlarged lines of a Baltimore clipper, with sharply rakedstem,counter stern and square rig. She was built inBaltimore in 1833 by Kennard & Williamson.[5][6] Although the Ann McKim was the first large clipper ship everconstructed, it cannot be said that she founded the clipper ship era, or even that she directly influencedshipbuilders, since no other ship was built like her; but she may have suggested the clipper design in vessels ofship rig. She did, however, influence the building of the Rainbowin 1845, the first extreme clippership.[1]

InAberdeen, Scotland, the shipbuildersAlexander Hall and Sons developed the "Aberdeen" clipper bow in thelate 1830s: the first was the Scottish Maidlaunched in 1839.[7] The Scottish Maid, 150 tons OM, was the first

British clipper ship.[1]"Scottish Maidwas intended for the Aberdeen-London trade, where speed was crucial tocompete with steamships. The Hall brothers tested various hulls in a water tank and found the clipper design

most effective.

The design was influenced by tonnage regulations.Tonnage measured a ship's cargo capacity and was used to calculate

tax and harbour dues.The new 1836 regulations measured depth and breadth with length measured at half midship depth.

Extra length above this level

was tax-freeand became

a feature of clippers.

Scottish Maidproved swift and reliable and the design was widely copied."[8]

The earliest British clipper shipswere built for trade amongst the British Isles. Then followed the vast clipper trade of tea, opium, spices and

other goods from the Far East to Europe, and the ships became known as "tea clippers".From 1839, larger American clipper ships started to be built beginning with theAkbar, 650 tons OM, in 1839,and including the 1844-builtHouqua, 581 tons OM. These larger vessels were built predominantly for use in theChina tea trade and known as "tea clippers". Smaller clipper vessels also continued to be built predominantly forthe China opium trade and known as "opium clippers" such as the 1842 builtAriel, 100 tons OM.[1]

Then in 1845 theRainbow, 757 tons OM, the first extreme clipperwas launched in New York. These Americanclippers were larger vessels designed to sacrifice cargo capacity for speed. They had a bow lengthened abovethe water, a drawing out and sharpening of the forward body, and the greatest breadth further aft. Extremeclippers were built in the period 1845 to 1855. From 1851 or earlier another type of clipper ship was also beingbuilt in American shipyards, themedium clipper. The medium clipper, though still very fast, had comparativelymore allowance for cargo. After 1854 extreme clippers were replaced in American shipbuilding yards by medium

clippers.

[1]

Clipper ships largely ceased being built in American shipyards in 1859 when, unlike the earlier boom years, only4 clipper ships were built. That is except for a small number built in the 1860s, and the last American clipper shipfrom the East Boston shipyard ofDonald McKayin 1869, the Glory of the Seas.[9]

During the time from 1859 British clipper ships continued to be built. Earlier British clipper ships had becomeknown as extreme clippers, and were considered to be "as sharp as the American"[3] built ships. From 1859 anew design was developed for British clipper ships that was nothing like the American clippers. These ships builtfrom 1859 continued to be called extreme clippers. The new design had a sleek graceful appearance, lesssheer, less freeboard, lower bulwarks, and smaller breadth. They were built for the China tea trade and beganwith the Falcon in 1859, and finished with the last ships built in 1870. It is estimated that 25 to 30 of these shipswere built, and no more than 45 per year. The earlier ships were made from wood, though some were made

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from iron, just as some British clippers had been made from iron prior to 1859. In 1863 the first tea clippers ofcomposite construction were brought out, combining the best of both worlds. Composite clippers had thestrength of iron spars with wooden hulls, and copper sheathing could be added to prevent the fouling thatoccurred on iron hulls.[1]

After 1869 with the opening of the Suez Canal that allowed competition with steam vessels, the tea trade thencollapsed for clippers. From 1870 the clipper trade increasingly focused on trade and the carrying of immigrantsbetween England and Australia and New Zealand, a trade that had begun earlier with the Australian Gold Rushin the 1850s. British-built clipper ships were used for this trade, as were many American-built ships which were

sold to British owners. Even in the 1880s, sailing ships were still the main carriers of cargoes to and fromAustralia and New Zealand. Eventually, however, even this trade became unprofitable, and the aging clipperfleet became unseaworthy.[1]

[edit]China clippers and the epitome of sail

The Clipper Ship "Flying Cloud" off the Needles, Isle of Wight, byJames E. Buttersworth, 185960.

Clipper ship Southern Cross leaving Boston Harbor, 1851, by Fitz Hugh Lane

The most significant clippers were the China clippers, also called Tea clippers or Opium clippers, designed toply the trade routes between Europe and the East Indies. The last example of these still in reasonable conditionwas Cutty Sark, preserved in dry dock at Greenwich, United Kingdom. Damaged by fireon 21 May 2007 whileundergoing conservation, the ship was permanently elevated three meters above the dry dock floor in 2011 aspart a plan for long-term preservation.Before the early 18th century, the East India Company paid for its tea mainly in silver. However, when the priceof silver rose, the East India Company began to manufacture a product that was desired by the Chinese asmuch as tea was by the British: opium. This had a significant influence on both India and China. Opium was alsoimported into Britain and was not prohibited because it was thought to be medically beneficial. Laudanum, whichwas made from opium was also used as a pain killer, to induce sleep and to suppress anxiety. The famousliterary opium addicts Thomas De Quincey, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Wilkie Collinsalso took it for itspleasurable effects. The Limehouse area in London was notorious for its opium dens, many of which catered forChinese sailors as well as English addicts.[10]

Clippers were built for seasonal trades such as tea, where an early cargo was more valuable, or for passengerroutes. One passenger ship survives, the City of Adelaide designed byWilliam PileofSunderland. The fastships were ideally suited to low-volume, high-profit goods, such as tea, opium, spices, people, and mail. Thereturn could be spectacular. The Challengerreturned from Shanghai with "the most valuable cargo of tea andsilk ever to be laden in one bottom".[11] Competition among the clippers was public and fierce, with their timesrecorded in the newspapers. The ships had short-expected lifetimes and rarely outlasted two decades of usebefore they were broken up for salvage. Given their speed and maneuverability, clippers frequentlymounted cannon orcarronades and were used forpiracy,privateering,smuggling, or interdiction service.The last China clippers were acknowledged as the fastest sail vessels. When fully rigged and riding a tradewind,they had peak average speeds over 16 knots (30 km/h). The Great Tea Race of 1866 showcased their speed.China clippers are also the fastest commercial sailing vessels ever made. Their speeds have been exceeded

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many times by modernyachts, but never by a commercial sail vessel. Only the fastest windjammers could attainsimilar speeds.There are many ways of judging the speed of a ship: by knots, by day's runs, by port-to-port records. Judged by any test, the

American clippers were supreme. Donald McKay'sSovereign of the Seasreported the highest speed ever achieved by asailing ship 22 knots (41 km/h), made while running her easting down to Australia in 1854. (John Griffiths' first clipper,the Rainbow, had a top speed of 14 knots...) There are eleven other instances of a ship's logging 18 knots (33 km/h) or over.Ten of these were recorded by American clippers... Besides the breath-taking 465-nautical-mile (861 km) day's run oftheChampion of the Seas, there are thirteen other cases of a ship's sailing over 400 nautical miles (740 km) in 24 hours...

And with few exceptions all the port-to-port sailing records are held by the American clippers. Lyon, Jane D , p. 138 Clipper Ships and Captains (1962) New York: American Heritage Publishing

The 24h record of the Champion of the Seas wasn't broken until 1984 (by a multihull), or 2001 (by anothermonohull).[12]

[edit]Clipper ship sailing cards

Clipper ship sailing card for the "Free Trade", printed by Nesbitt & Co., NY, early 1860s

Departures of clipper ships, mostly from New York and Boston to San Francisco, were advertised by clipper shipsailing cards. These cards, slightly larger than todays postcards, were produced by letterpress and woodengraving on coated card stock. Most clipper cards were printed in the 1850s and 1860s, and represented thefirst pronounced use of color in American advertising art.Relatively few (perhaps 3,500) cards survive today. With their stunning appearance, rarity, and importance asartifacts of nautical, Western, and printing history, clipper cards are highly prized by both private collectors andinstitutions. See the links below to learn more about clipper ship sailing cards.

[edit]DeclineDecline in the use of clippers started with the economic slump following the Panic of 1857and continued withthe gradual introduction of the steamship. Although clippers could be much faster than early steamships, theydepended on the vagaries of the wind, while steamers could keep to a schedule. The steam clipperwasdeveloped around this time, and had auxiliary steam engines which could be used in the absence of wind. Anexample was Royal Charter, built in 1857 and wrecked on the coast ofAnglesey in 1859. The final blow wasthe Suez Canal, opened in 1869, which provided a great shortcut for steamships between Europe and Asia, butwas difficult for sailing ships to use. With the absence of the tea trade, some clippers began operating in thewool trade, between Britain and Australia.

Although many clipper ships were built in the mid-19th century, Cutty Sarkwas, perhaps until recently, the onlysurvivor. Falls of Clyde is a well-preserved example of a more conservatively designed, slower contemporary ofthe clippers, which was built for general freight in 1878. Other surviving examples of clippers of the era are lesswell preserved, for example the oldest surviving clipperCity of Adelaide[13] (a.k.a. S.V. Carrick).[14]

During the first and second World Wars, several battleshipsand aircraft carrierswere built with a "clipper bow"for improved hydrodynamic efficiency. The clipper bow on carriers was an American peculiarity, Japanese shipsdid not feature it and British ships had the similar but differently-shaped "hurricane bow," whose purpose was,like the clipper bow, to improve hydrodynamic efficiency and, unlike the clipper bow, protect the hangar deck

from spray.

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Diorama of clipper ships under construction

[edit]Modern clipper shipsIn 2000, two new clippers were built:Stad Amsterdam and Cisne Branco(Brazilian Navy). They are not replicasof any one ship, but an attempt to combine what their builders consider the "best" qualities of clipper ships.They [clipper ships] still hold their own for long sea voyages. There is a limit to the use of steam, and it is reached when thedistance to be travelled makes the cost of coal and the space it occupies greater than the value of the cargo will warrant.Until some new motive power replaces steam, or steam is replaced by the use of petroleum or other concentrated fuel, theclipper still has an occupation, and the hearts of all old-time skippers will be gladdened by the sight of her white wings uponthe seas. [15]

Chadwick, F.E., Ocean steamships ... (1891) New York: C. Scribner's Sons, p. 225-226

[edit]See alsoNautical portal

Clipper routeCisne BrancoSail-plan

[edit]People associated with clipper shipsList of people who sailed on clipper shipsJoseph Warren HolmesSamuel Hartt PookWilliam Jardine

[edit]Similar ships

Blackwall FrigateEast IndiamanPacket shipRussian navy steam clippersWindjammer

[edit]Clippers in aviationPan American World Airways

[edit]Notes"Clipper".New International Encyclopaedia. 5. Dodd Mead and Company. 1909. pp. 39. Retrieved 6 Mar. 2010."Clipper ... probably connected with Dutch klepper, fast horse"The above is incorrect. The Dutch word klepperdoes not mean fast horse. It means clatter, and was sometimesapplied to a bell ringer.

[edit]Footnotes^ abcdefghijTHE CLIPPER SHIP ERA, Clarke, Arthur H., 1912^ Villiers 1973.^ abFast Sailing Ships: Their Design and Construction, 17751875, MacGregor, David R., 1988, Index^The Voyage of the Frolic^ Dear, I.C.B., & Kemp, Peter, eds. Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea (Oxford University Press, 2005).^ Website"bruzelius.info". Accessed 30 March 2009.^http://www.aberdeenships.com/sb_alexander_hall.asp^Aberdeen Built Ships^Clipper ships built in the United States^The Opium Clippers

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http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stad_Amsterdamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stad_Amsterdamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne_Brancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne_Brancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_note-15%23cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Nauticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper_routehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne_Brancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_sailed_on_clipper_shipshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Warren_Holmeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hartt_Pookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jardine_(surgeon)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackwall_Frigatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Indiamanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_steam_frigates#Screw_clippershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windjammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_American_World_Airwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=11http://books.google.com/?id=qycVAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22clipper%20ship%22&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q=%22clipper%20ship%22&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/?id=qycVAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22clipper%20ship%22&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q=%22clipper%20ship%22&f=falsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-0%23cite_ref-clark_1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-0%23cite_ref-clark_1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-1%23cite_ref-clark_1-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-2%23cite_ref-clark_1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-2%23cite_ref-clark_1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-2%23cite_ref-clark_1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-3%23cite_ref-clark_1-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-4%23cite_ref-clark_1-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-4%23cite_ref-clark_1-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-4%23cite_ref-clark_1-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-5%23cite_ref-clark_1-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-6%23cite_ref-clark_1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-6%23cite_ref-clark_1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-6%23cite_ref-clark_1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-7%23cite_ref-clark_1-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-8%23cite_ref-clark_1-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-8%23cite_ref-clark_1-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-9%23cite_ref-clark_1-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-9%23cite_ref-clark_1-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-2%23cite_ref-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-index_3-0%23cite_ref-index_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-index_3-0%23cite_ref-index_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-index_3-1%23cite_ref-index_3-1http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/becites/genealogy/immigrant/87062528.idx.html#shttp://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/becites/genealogy/immigrant/87062528.idx.html#shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-4%23cite_ref-4http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?id=993http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?id=993http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?id=993http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-5%23cite_ref-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-6%23cite_ref-6http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Ann_McKim(1833).htmlhttp://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Ann_McKim(1833).htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-7%23cite_ref-7http://www.aberdeenships.com/sb_alexander_hall.asphttp://www.aberdeenships.com/sb_alexander_hall.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-8%23cite_ref-8http://www.aberdeenships.com/related.asp?index=27234&shipid=100020http://www.aberdeenships.com/related.asp?index=27234&shipid=100020http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-9%23cite_ref-9http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Builders.htmlhttp://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Builders.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-10%23cite_ref-10http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/conMediaFile.3989/The-opium-clipper-Water-Witch-(1831).htmlhttp://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/conMediaFile.3989/The-opium-clipper-Water-Witch-(1831).htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Yacht_foresail.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Museum_of_Science,_Boston,_MA_-_IMG_3197.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Museum_of_Science,_Boston,_MA_-_IMG_3197.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stad_Amsterdamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne_Brancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_note-15%23cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Nauticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper_routehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne_Brancohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail-planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_sailed_on_clipper_shipshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Warren_Holmeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Hartt_Pookhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Jardine_(surgeon)http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackwall_Frigatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Indiamanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packet_shiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_steam_frigates#Screw_clippershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windjammerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pan_American_World_Airwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=11http://books.google.com/?id=qycVAAAAYAAJ&dq=%22clipper%20ship%22&pg=PA39#v=onepage&q=%22clipper%20ship%22&f=falsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-0%23cite_ref-clark_1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-1%23cite_ref-clark_1-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-2%23cite_ref-clark_1-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-3%23cite_ref-clark_1-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-4%23cite_ref-clark_1-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-5%23cite_ref-clark_1-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-6%23cite_ref-clark_1-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-7%23cite_ref-clark_1-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-8%23cite_ref-clark_1-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-clark_1-9%23cite_ref-clark_1-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-2%23cite_ref-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-index_3-0%23cite_ref-index_3-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-index_3-1%23cite_ref-index_3-1http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/toc/becites/genealogy/immigrant/87062528.idx.html#shttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-4%23cite_ref-4http://www.sup.org/book.cgi?id=993http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-5%23cite_ref-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-6%23cite_ref-6http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Ann_McKim(1833).htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-7%23cite_ref-7http://www.aberdeenships.com/sb_alexander_hall.asphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-8%23cite_ref-8http://www.aberdeenships.com/related.asp?index=27234&shipid=100020http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-9%23cite_ref-9http://www.bruzelius.info/Nautica/Ships/Clippers/Builders.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-10%23cite_ref-10http://www.portcities.org.uk/london/server/show/conMediaFile.3989/The-opium-clipper-Water-Witch-(1831).html


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^ Forbes, Allan; Ralph Mason Eastman, State Street Trust Company (Boston, Mass.) (1952). Yankee ship sailing cards....State Street Trust Co..^http://www.sailspeedrecords.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=21^City of Adelaide website Condensed History^ Jim Carrick."The Future of the S.V. Carrick". History Scotland magazine.^ Rideing, William H (1891).Ocean steamships; a popular account of their construction, development, management andappliances. New York: C. Scribner's Sons.. pp. 225226.

[edit]ReferencesCarl C. Cutler, Greyhounds of the Sea (1930, 3rd ed.Naval Institute Press 1984)

Alexander Laing, Clipper Ship Men (1944)David R. MacGregor, Fast Sailing Ships: Their Design and Construction, 17751875Naval Institute Press,1988 ISBN 0-87021-895-6indexOxford English Dictionary (1987) ISBN 0-19-861212-5.Bruce D. Roberts, Clipper Ship Cards: The High-Water Mark in Early Trade Cards, The Advertising Trade CardQuarterly 1, no. 1 (Spring 1994): 2022.Bruce D. Roberts, Clipper Ship Cards: Graphic Themes and Images, The Advertising Trade Card Quarterly 1,no. 2 (Summer 1994): 2224.Bruce D. Roberts, Museum Collections of Clipper Ship Cards, The Advertising Trade Card Quarterly 2, no. 1(Spring 1995): 2224.Bruce D. Roberts, Selling Sail with Clipper Ship Cards, Ephemera News 19, no. 2 (Winter 2001): 1, 1114.Villiers, Capt. Alan, 1973. Men, Ships and the Sea (National Geographic Society)

Chris and Lesley Holden (2009). Life and Death on the Royal Charter. Calgo Publications 2009 ISBN 978-0-9545066-2-9.

[edit]Further reading[edit]Overview and introductionRoss, Donald Gunn III."Era of the Clipper Ships Web Site". Retrieved 3 September 2011. Beautifullyillustrated introduction, by a member ofDonald McKay's familyClark, Arthur H. (1910). The Clipper Ship Era, An Epitome of Famous American and British Clipper Ships, TheirOwners, Builders, Commanders, and Crews, 18431869. Camden, ME: G.P. Putnams Sons. Basic reading, afavorite ofFranklin Delano RooseveltWestward by Sea: A Maritime Perspective on American Expansion, 18201890, digitized source materialsfrom Mystic Seaport, via Library of Congress American MemoryCurrier & Ives (1959).American clipper ship prints by the Curriers. American Neptune. Salem, MA: The

American Neptune.

[edit]American clipper shipsCutler, Carl C (1984). Greyhounds of the sea: The story of the American clipper ship (3rd ed.). Annapolis, MD:Naval Institute Press. ISBN978-0-87021-232-1. The definitive narrative history, useful for checkingdiscrepancies between sourcesCrothers, William L (1997). The American-built clipper ship, 18501856 : characteristics, construction, anddetails. Camden, ME: International Marine. ISBN0-07-014501-6. The comprehensive reference for designand construction of American-built clipper ships, with numerous drawings, diagrams, and charts. Givesexamples of how each design feature varies in different ships.Howe, Octavius T; Matthews, Frederick C. (1926-1927, 1986 reprint ed.).American Clipper Ships 18331858.Volume 1 and 2. Salem, MA; New York: Marine Research Society; Dover Publications. ISBN04865152. Articleson individual ships, broader coverage than Crothers

[edit]Clipper ships by typeLubbock, Basil (1984). The China clippers. The Century seafarers. London: Century. ISBN978-0-7126-0341-6.Lubbock, Basil (1921, 1968). The Colonial Clippers(2nd ed.). Glasgow: James Brown & Son. pp. 8687. OCLC7831041. British and Australian clippersLubbock, Basil (1932). The Nitrate Clippers (1st ed.). Glasgow: Brown, Son & Ferguson. pp. 8687. ISBN978-0-85174-116-1.Lubbock, Basil (1933, reprinted 1967). The Opium Clippers. Boston, MA: Charles E. LauriatCo. ISBN10718065. One of the few comprehensive books on these ships

[edit]External links

Wikimedia Commons hasmedia related to:Clippers

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Clipper#cite_ref-13%23cite_ref-13http://cityofadelaide.org.au/condensed-history.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-14%23cite_ref-14http://www.historyscotland.com/features/svcarrick.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clipper#cite_ref-15%23cite_ref-15http://books.google.com/?id=1ylw5sqwJwoC&dq=clipper&pg=PA225#v=onepage&q=clipper&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/?id=1ylw5sqwJwoC&dq=clipper&pg=PA225#v=onepage&q=clipper&f=falsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=13http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carl_C._Cutler&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Institute_Presshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0870218956http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/becites/genealogy/immigrant/87062528.idx.html#bhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0198612125http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Villiershttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chris_and_Lesley_Holden&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780954506629http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780954506629http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=14http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=15http://web.archive.org/web/20100330192639/http:/www.eraoftheclipperships.com/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_McKayhttp://books.google.com/?id=HVYuAAAAYAAJ&dq=the%20clipper%20ship%20era%20clark&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/?id=HVYuAAAAYAAJ&dq=the%20clipper%20ship%20era%20clark&pg=PR1#v=onepage&q&f=falsehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelthttp://memory.loc.gov/ammem/award99/mymhihtml/mymhihome.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mystic_Seaporthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Currier_and_Iveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87021-232-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-07-014501-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/04865152http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7126-0341-6http://www.archive.org/details/colonialclippers00lubbrichhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCLChttp://www.worldcat.org/oclc/7831041http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85174-116-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85174-116-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Numberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/10718065http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clipper&action=edit&section=18http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Clippers


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City of Adelaide Clipper Ship, one of the few surviving clippersClipper Ship cardsClipper Ship Cards (from The Trade Card Place)Clipper Ship Cards, Flikr collection

Tea Clippers, UK Tea Council

A fleet of opium clippers on the River Ganges The Shipslist: Baltimore Clipper

"Baltimore Clippers Pirates of the Chesapeake": career ofChasseur

The Telanak

Clippers on DelfSail 09 Clippers Delfsail 09 by photographer David Dekel.

Clippers race Den Helder 08 Clippers Den Helder 08 by photographer David Dekel.

Endeavour Project Clippers on Endeavour Tall Ships Project.

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TV13.TV

Transparent Viscosity 13 Transcendental VisionTHIRTEEN

Fiduciary Responsibly Accountable Natural Karma Triage Holistic Inalienable Ritualistic Tranquility Equilibrium Egotistic Nemesis

Alien nepotistic wars for the Power of Gold vying for majority vote spew multitudes a story for

everyone. Nefarious agenda in our faces soon to leave earth inhabitable again as 2024 BC. Thefanatical ICE frantic for longevity.

If the masses of dumb bi asses knew they not only would not help, but would kill theDemigod Agenda

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clippership common law inferred precedent partnered elitist righteous schematics humanity induced...

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