client computing architectures: many choices to solve many problems
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Client Computing Architectures: Many Choices to Solve Many Problems. Mark Margevicius. Deficiencies in Traditional PCs Introduce Opportunities and Architectures. Desktop and laptop PCs have valuable attributes; but, in many ways, have shifted from strategic to tactical for many organizations. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Client Computing Architectures: Many Choices to Solve Many Problems
Mark Margevicius
Deficiencies in Traditional PCs Introduce Opportunities and Architectures
Desktop and laptop PCs have valuable attributes; but, in many ways, have shifted from strategic to tactical for many organizations
Do PCs offer
"There has to be a better way.""Not another PC refresh.""PCs are such a pain.""PCs are waaaaay too costly."
Do these sound familiar?
2010201020102010
Virtual Everything: Operating SystemBubbles and Application Containers
HardwareHardware
Operating System (OS)
Operating System (OS)
The application is installed in a container with a copy of OS resources
Virtualization decouples each layer from the layer below
Virtualization LayerVirtualization Layer
Virtualization LayerVirtualization Layer
ApplicationApplication
The virtualization layer runs on the OS to create a standardized interface for application installation
The OS is installed in a virtual machine
A thin virtualization layer runs on the hardware to create a standardized interface for OS installation
A thin virtualization layer runs on the hardware to create a standardized interface for OS installation
Mainstream for PC deployments
2009200920092009
New Packaging Options:Separating Users, Hardware and Bubbles
Virtual Machines Hosted on Servers• Architectural equivalent of
the blade PC• Full "thick-client" image,
thin-client delivery model
Portable Personalities• Your preferred environment,
any machine, any location• Carry it with you, store it on
the network• Bubbles of various sizes:
some with OS, some without
Server Hardware
VMM
Application
PC OS PC OS
Application
PC OS
Application
code
Target Windows Machine
settings
data
Windows Application Containers
temp files
DLLs
• Intel's Virtualization Technology (VT) and AMD's AMD-V available
• Technical challenges with I/O being addressed
• New privilege levels, hardware partitioning and hardware policy enforcement
• Virtualization becomes moreefficient, more flexible and more reliable
• Requires software support
Hardware-Assisted Virtualization:Faster and More Robust
New software emerging;additional hardware improvements
Hypervisor
Different CPUPrivilegeLevels
Guest OS
Applications
Virtual Machine
Virtual Drivers
Virtual Machine Monitor
Prim
aryP
artition
The Operating System Unbundled: Embedded Complexity Begins to Recede
Mainstream for new PCs from 2010
VirtualMachineVirtual
Machine
HardwareHardware
HypervisorHypervisor
Service A
pplianceS
ervice Appliance
Service A
pplianceS
ervice Appliance
Service A
pplianceS
ervice Appliance
Service A
pplianceS
ervice Appliance
VirtualMachineVirtual
Machine
ApplicationsApplications
Load order = Standard OS component
ApplicationsApplications
Client Computing Now Has Many Homes
Applications Can Be Delivered Differently as Well
Extreme Spectrums of Client Computing Architectures
Limited Functionality
Low Cost
PC Hardware
PC OS
Preso Layer
Data
Applications
Data
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
PCs
Hardware
OS
ICA/RDP
Server
WTS/Citrix
Data
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
SBC
Applications
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
Web
Browser
OS
Hardware
Applications
Web Server
Applications
Data
Different architectures can coexist
More Complex
Higher TCO
Highly Flexible
More Secure
Lower TCO
Rigid Design
Thin Client
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
Data
VMM
Hosted VMs
VM VM VM
Thin Client
RDP
Data
Applications
Data
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
Blade PCs
PC OS
PC Hardware
PC OS
Data
Data
LAN/WAN
LAN/WAN
Streaming
PC OS
Applications
Blade-Based PCs — Niche Solutions
Dedicated 1-to-1 PC-to-user ratios
Degrees of customization avail No degradation in performance Offers failover and redundancy High capital costs (1.5x to 2.5x
more than traditional desktop PCs)
Better economics if used as a pooled resource
Better client-side manageability Tends to be fairly vertical; often
found on Wall Street, in hospitals and network operation centers
Proprietary solutions
Blade-Based PCs
Server-Based Computing — Mainstream Alternative
Server-Based Computing Applications are shared among users
50-80 users (typical) per server Applications are published to
users Lower TCO than PCs (although
capital costs are higher) Not for all apps./users Performance issues with heavy
computation or graphics-based applications
Application testing and remediation highly recommended
Large ecosystem of vendors Battle-hardened and scaleable
ICA
RD
P
Hosted Virtual Desktops — New Twist on Remote Desktops
Source: VMWare
Users connect to server using RDP
Virtual instances of Windows XP/Vista running on servers
Each server supports 10-20 users
Applications are the same as with local PCs
Provides for central management
Offers device/user independence
Interest from remote/teleworkers
Third-party tools still evolving VMWare, Citrix, Virtual Iron,
IBM, HP, Fujitsu, NEC, just to name a few!
Which Client Architectures work best?
Blades/Hosted DesktopsBlades/Hosted Desktops• Blended desktop/server
configuration• Identical PC application
functionality• Requires server/network
infrastructure build-outs• Remote access
Application StreamingApplication Streaming• Centralization• Application isolation• Rich application support• Remote access• Still maturing
Server-Based ComputingServer-Based Computing• Homogonous environments• Well-behaved applications• Rapid deployment needs• Security• Remote access• Lowest TCO• Most restrictive
Traditional PCsTraditional PCs• Performance-driven applications• Multimedia/graphics• Legacy use• Mobility (laptops)• Most flexible• Highest TCO
Loca
l-exe
cutio
nS
erve
r-ex
ecut
ion
From Niche to Default:A PC Virtualization Technology Roadmap
2007
2008
2009
2010
Viability for future deployments
Viable now
Application virtualization, hosted VMs on servers, hardware virtualization and rogue user images in VMs
Application virtualization PC hypervisors
Hardware security
Application streaming
New user images in VMs by default
OS streaming
Software appliances
Mainstream deployment of user images in VMs
Hosted VMs
VMs for technical and niche users only
VMs for everyone