clean cities / 1 western washington clean cities coalition using data-focused tools to assess...
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WESTERN WASHINGTON CLEAN CITIES COALITION
Using Data-Focused Tools to Assess Mileage and ROI
Stephanie Meyn
Clean Cities Program Manager(206) [email protected]
NAFA Green Fleets Meeting – March 13, 2013
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Background
Buy it. Then try it.Evaluations of newly deployed technology are useful but can be backward-looking
Try it before you buy it. Simulate! Evaluations can also be forward-looking, but good data is needed for accurate assessment
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Refined Data to Make Informed Decisions (with NREL’s help)
• Drive-Cycle/Duty-Cycle Data
– Speed– Acceleration– Grade– Miles, hours driven– Power take off,
auxiliary loads
• Operating-Condition Data
• Temperature, humidity• Payload
• Drive-Cycle/Duty-Cycle Data
– Speed– Acceleration– Grade– Miles, hours driven– Power take off,
auxiliary loads
• Operating-Condition Data
• Temperature, humidity• Payload
• Vocational Analysis– Route, fleet averages
• Situational Modeling and Simulation
– Sensitivity studies– Placement optimization– Expected performance
• Vocational Analysis– Route, fleet averages
• Situational Modeling and Simulation
– Sensitivity studies– Placement optimization– Expected performance
Data in… Information out…
• Online Resources– Clean Cities
cleancities.energy.gov– Alternative Fuels Data Center afdc.energy.gov
• Online Resources– Clean Cities
cleancities.energy.gov– Alternative Fuels Data Center afdc.energy.gov
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An Approach to Assess New Technology
1. Collect in-Use Data•Acquire field data
•Process data – DRIVETM
– Fleet Analysis Tool• Compile and summarize
– Fleet DNA
1. Collect in-Use Data•Acquire field data
•Process data – DRIVETM
– Fleet Analysis Tool• Compile and summarize
– Fleet DNA
3. Validate in Laboratory• Validate field data in a
controlled setting• Quantify emissions and fuel
consumption• Explore limits, assess
changes to system
3. Validate in Laboratory• Validate field data in a
controlled setting• Quantify emissions and fuel
consumption• Explore limits, assess
changes to system
2. Analyze and Simulate• Utilize user-specific field data• Vehicle simulation
– FASTSim• Benefit analysis
– Best technology for specific application
2. Analyze and Simulate• Utilize user-specific field data• Vehicle simulation
– FASTSim• Benefit analysis
– Best technology for specific application
Photo credit: NREL/PIX 22742
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Effects of Variable Duty Cycle
1. Fuel economy variation
2. Component life variation
3. Life cycle costs,payback
4. Placement of vehicles for maximum ROI
Understanding duty cycle = Understanding the right technology for applicationUnderstanding duty cycle = Understanding the right technology for application
74.6% 50.6% 48.3% 35.9% 30.3% 31.4% 25.0%
6.8 mph 12.3 mph12.6 mph
23.4 mph
Average Cycle Speeds
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Fleet DNA
Phase 1: Presorted Data Sets Phase 2: Sortable Data Sets
Online vocational database of vehicle-use information
Users can custom sort and graph:
•Class•Vocation•Fuel type (or drivetrain)•Region (4)•Sub-region (based on census map)
Users can custom sort and graph:
•Class•Vocation•Fuel type (or drivetrain)•Region (4)•Sub-region (based on census map)
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Fleet DNA Benefits
• OEMs– Better understanding of
customer-use profiles
• Fleets– Determine maximum ROI
from investment
• Funding agencies– Optimize impact of financial
incentive offers
• Researchers– Data source for modeling
and simulation
Fleet DNA features:•Aggregated and anonymous data
– Fleets are not identified•20-plus high-value metrics•Data products for each vocation•Data for industry drive-cycle development
Fleet DNA features:•Aggregated and anonymous data
– Fleets are not identified•20-plus high-value metrics•Data products for each vocation•Data for industry drive-cycle development
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Fleet DNA Example Data Output: Phase I
• Data products that visualize and calculate vehicle use patterns• Visualizations that show data variability• Data analysis enables calculated decision making
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Example: Delivery Fleet Variability
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Fleet DNA Data Sets
• Class 4-6 Delivery Vans Parcel, food, uniform
• Class 3-4 Light Aerials Telecom service
• Class 5-6 AerialUtilities
• Class 3 Service VansTelecom
•
• Class 8 Tractor Trailers Beverage delivery
• Class 6 Box Trucks In-city delivery
• EV MD Delivery Vans Multiple uses
• Class 8 OTR Tractor Trailers
• Transit Buses
• Shuttle Buses Airport, specialty
• Refuse Trucks Multiple types
• Tow Trucks
• Class 8 OTR Tractor Trailers
• Transit Buses
• Shuttle Buses
• Refuse Trucks
• Tow Trucks
• High PTO Use Work Trucks
DOE’s Data Priorities: •National fuel consumption•Payback/ROI success•Scalable or transferable technology
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Required Data
• Data may vary by application/situation• Other data can be useful
– Torque demands, ambient temp, gear, etc.
• Data may vary by application/situation• Other data can be useful
– Torque demands, ambient temp, gear, etc.
Typical data required for inclusion into Fleet DNA:
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Hardware Requirements
• NREL hardware– CAN/analog data loggers
gather basic drive cycle data + additional if desired
– TSI 747 Pro (GPS-only units)
• Other optionso Use existing telematics o Leverage existing large-
scale, long-term tracking efforts
NREL/PIX 24369
NREL/PIX 24368
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For Example: Fleet DNA and Your Fleet
Three Steps1. We identify/recruit interested fleet/technology for analysis2. Fleet DNA provides drive-cycle analysis to fleet3. Fleet DNA performs simulation of vocational data set to assess benefits of
technology for specific usage patterns
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4400 High 4400 Low 4900 High 4900 Low T800 High T800 Low
High Mass
Mid Mass
Low Mass
+10.1%
+11.1% +10.8%
+12.8%+8.0%
+3.8%
Effect of mass on fuel economy
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4400 High 4400 Low 4900 High 4900 Low T800 High T800 Low
High aero
Mid aero
Low aero
+3.1% +4.5%
+0.0% +3.9%
+0.0%
Effect of aerodynamic improvements on mpg
+5.7%
Fleet DNA analyzes aerodynamic improvement, rolling resistance, engine sizing, mass reduction, driving behavior, idle reduction, alternative fuels, and more…Fleet DNA analyzes aerodynamic improvement, rolling resistance, engine sizing, mass reduction, driving behavior, idle reduction, alternative fuels, and more…
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Result: Calculated Decision Making
• Provides fleets, OEMs, and researchers with refined data and analysis of need-specific options
• Creates/maintains accessible database for public use• Recommends drive cycles• Identifies most appropriate technologies for observed
drive-cycle data
74.6% 50.6% 48.3% 35.9% 30.3% 31.4% 25.0%
6.8 mph 12.3 mph 12.6 mph 23.4 mph
Average Cycle Speeds:
74.6% 50.6% 48.3% 35.9% 30.3% 31.4% 25.0%
6.8 mph 12.3 mph 12.6 mph 23.4 mph
Average Cycle Speeds:
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Aggregate Route Distance HistogramFrequency Cumulative %
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Aggregate Route Distance HistogramFrequency Cumulative %
NREL/PIX 06122
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Interested in Participating?
Add your name here.
Preliminary Fleet DNA Participants• Calstart • SCAQMD
• CARB • ORNL
• DOE • Zonar
• NTEA/GTA • Many other fleets
• Many other OEMs
E-mail [email protected]
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Vehicle Cost Calculator
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Heavy Duty Vehicle & Engine Search
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AFDC Alternative Fuel Price Report
http://www.afdc.energy.gov/fuels/prices.html
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Upcoming Event – April 17, 2013
http://propanefuel.eventbrite.com
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Contact Information & Resources
Western Washington Clean Citieshttp://www.wwcleancities.org
Alternative Fuel Toolshttp://www.afdc.energy.gov/
Clean Cities – National Programhttp://www.cleancities.energy.gov
Stephanie MeynProgram ManagerWestern Washington Clean Cities Coalition
Puget Sound Clean Air Agency1904 3rd Ave, Ste 105, Seattle, WA 98101